中考阅读理解集训课件.ppt

periodseven 阅读理解 阅读理解重点掌握文章的事实 了解细节 还要体会文章含义 领会其主旨 一 中考中常见的题型1 选择填空2 回答问题3 判断正误二 解题方法与技巧1 通读全文 了解大意要了解出题人的意图 抓住文章的主题句 主题句一般出现在文章的开头和结尾 也有些文章没有主题句 需要学生自己去归纳 主题句对全文起提示 启迪 概括 归纳的作用 归纳概括题 中心思想题可以直接从主题句中找到答案 2 带着问题 复读原文在通读文章后 要浏览文后的练习题 带着问题重新阅读文章 解决一些直观性的题目 有些问题可以在文章找到原句作为答案 3 推理判断 确定答案有些难的题目需要进行分析推理或归纳 但不能脱离语言材料而胡乱猜测 还有些涉及日常生活或其他学科知识的试题 要注意推理的科学性和合理性 再结合语言材料判断答题 三 例题解析 ano 4middleschoolkunming yunnanapril2nd 2002deareditor iliveinabeautifulcity manyvisitorscometoourcity therearesomanycolorfulpeacocks 孔雀 here thepeacocksmostlyliveonthegrasslandofdongfengsquare 广场 theyaregivenfoodfreelybyvisitors theyusuallythrowfoodtothem anddon tthinkaboutatallwhetherthefoodisrightornot someofthepeacocksbecameill someevendiedaftereatingthebadfoodgivenbythevisitors i msuremostofthevisitorswhothrowfoodtothepeacocksreallylikethebirds butdon trealize 意识到 thattheymaybedoingthemharm 伤害 thevisitorsshouldbetoldthatwhattheyhavedoneisveryharmfultothebirds andthiskindofthingmustbestoppedfromhappening perhapswecanbuildsomesmallshopsbesidedongfengsquaretosellpeacockfood foruseveryperson it sourdutytogivemorelovetothesebeautifulbirdsandtolookafterthemcarefully yours sunyan 1 manyvisitorscometothewriter scityto a dosomeshoppingb seebeautifulpeacocksc playondongfengsquared eatnicefood2 somepeacocksbecameillanddiedbecausesomevisitors a didn tgivethemanyfoodb gavethemtoomuchfoodc threwthemsomebadfoodd lovedthemandplayedwiththem3 someshopscanbebuiltbesidedongfengsquaresothattheymay b c b a sellfoodforvisitorsb sellfoodforpeacocksc makethesquaremorebeautifuld havethebeautifulbirds4 fromthepassageweknowpeopleshould a liveandplaywiththebirdsb stopthebirdsfromeatingtoomuchc giverightfoodtothebirdsd givemorefoodtothebirds5 wecanguessthewriteroftheletter sunyan maybea a visitorb shopkeeperc squarekeeperd student c d 解析 1 文章第一段只是提到 许多参观者来到我们城市 这里有许多美丽多彩的孔雀 虽然文章没有明确指出参观者来的目的 但是我们可以从这两句中推断出游客来的目的是看孔雀 2 文章第二段最后指出了一些孔雀死亡的原因是吃了游客给的劣质食物 3 回答这个题的关键是要看清楚sellfoodforvisitors和sellfoodforpeacocks的含义 它们分别意为 卖游客吃的食物 和 卖孔雀吃的食物 4 文章中没有直接指出 我们应该给鸟儿吃是适当的食物 但是通过作者说的话及其观点来推断 即可得出正确答案 5 这也是一个推理判断题 从作者的观点 语气来看 该作者肯定不是 游客 店员 广场管理员 b阅读短文 根据短文内容回答问题 i mjoancroft imusthavetosaythaticameintonursingbychance ididn treallylikemyfirstjob whichwasofficework itwasallright butthat sjustaboutallyoucansayaboutit istayedinthesameplacewiththesamepeoplearoundmealldayandeveryday thenibecameasinger whichienjoyedverymuch butafterawhilethesinging groupbrokeup 解救 andihadtostartlookingforsomethingelse somegirlshavewantedtobenurseseversincetheywerechildren butitneverenteredmyheaduntilisawanadvertisementinapaper iwroteinandthought oh well i llgiveitatry onethingilikedaboutitwasgoingawayfromhome thetrainingitselfisveryinterestingandmostofitisjustonthewards 病房 sothatyouveryquicklybeginnursingrealpatients ilivedinthenurses homewheniarrivedandihadmyownroom whichwasverynice ilikenursingmorethanieverthoughtiwould i llalwayscarryonnursing i vegotaboyfriendwhoisadoctor soihopetogetmarriedsometime butwhereverilivethere ssuretobeahospitalintheplaceandthere salwaysajobforanurse 1 whatwasjoan sfirstjob 2 whatdidn tjoanlikeherfirstjob itwasofficework becauseshedidn tlikestayinginthesameplacewiththesamepeoplearoundheralldayandeveryday becauseshewasfedupwithit 3 whydidn tjoangoonwithhersecondjob 4 howdidjoanfindouttheinformationaboutthenursingjob 5 whatwasjoan splanforthefuture 解析 1 文章第一自然段的第三句话陈述了joan的第一份工作 2 文章第一自然段的第四句暗示了joan为什么不喜欢她的第一份工作 becausethesinginggroupbrokeup shefoundanadvertisementinapaper shehopedtogetmarriedsometimeandwentonhernursingjob 3 文中陈述了joan的第二份工作是在一个合唱组 她很喜欢这份工作 但后来合唱组被迫解散 4 当护士是许多女孩子向往的工作 joan也不例外 在报纸上看到了应征工作之后 便写了求职申请 5 文章最后一自然段陈述了joan的现状和计划安排 c阅读下列短文 判断正 t 误 f mr leeisaveryrichman helivesaloneandenjoysbuyingoldthings heboughtateapotfortwomilliondollars andshoweditonlytothisfriendsgeorgeandjenny thenhelockeditinthesafe 保险箱 athishouse thatnight thesafewasopenedandtheteapotwasmissing leereporteditandthepolicewentandlookedcarefullyaroundlee shouse theyfoundablackear ringneartheopensafe theyalsofoundtherewasalotofearthonthewetgroundoutside butinside thefloorwasveryclean thepolicefirstquestionedgeorgeandjenny butneitherofthemagreedthatheorshehadtakentheteapot thepolicefoundjennywaswearingablacknecklace 项链 butnoear rings whenshewasshowntheear ring sheagreeditwashers butsomeonehadtakenitawayfromherhouseamonthbefore thepolicethenquestionedleeand intheend heagreedhehadtakenhisownteapot hehadboughtinsurance 保险 foritandwouldgettwomilliondollarsiftheteapotwaslost hetookjenny sear ringsandputonenearthesafe 1 georgeandjennyarelee sfriendsandliveinhishouse 2 theteapotwasshownbyleetonobodyexceptgeorgeandjenny 3 jenny sear ringswerelostinlee shouse 4 itwasclearthatnoonebrokeintothehousefortheteapot 5 intheend thepoliceweresurethatleehadtakentheteapot 解析 f t f t t 1 从第二句话中的alone这个词 可以判断出该题是错的 2 从第三句he andshoweditonlytohisfriendsgeorgeandjenny 可得出本题是对的 3 短文中的第二 三自然段都与该问题有关 因此要学会运用联想思维 善于抓住能回答此问题的关键词或句子 whenshewasshowntheear ring sheagreeditwashers butsomeonehadtakenitawayfromherhouseamonthbefore 关键词是wasshown 是被动语态 表示警察拿出了了那只在保险箱附近捡到的耳环给詹妮看 she表示詹妮 句中的it是指theear ing hadtakenitawayfromherhouse是关键词 是过去完成时 表示在此事发生的前一个月 这只耳环被偷走的 4 短文中thepolicethenquestionedleeandintheend heagreedhehadtakenhisownteapot 这句话说明答案是对的 5 从第4题中提到的那句话 可以判断该题是正确的 四 巩固练习 somepeoplebelievethatschoolswillnolongerbenecessaryinthenearfuture theysaythatbecauseoftheinternetandothernewtechnology thereisnolongeranyneedforschoolbuildings classesorteachers perhapsthiswillbetrueoneday butiftheworldhasnoschools ican timaginehowoursocietywillbe infact weshouldlearnhowtousenewtechnologytomakeschoolsbetter weshouldinventanewkindofschoolthatislinked 链接 tolibraries museums sciencecenters labsandevencompanies technologicalcompaniesshouldcreate 创造 learningprogramsforschools scientistscouldgivetalksthroughtheinternet tvnetworksandlocalstationscoulddevelopprogramsaboutthingsstudentsarestudyinginschool labscouldsetupwebsitestoshownewtechnologysostudentscouldseeitontheinternet isthisadream no therearealreadymanycitieswherethisisbeginningtohappen herethewholecityislinkedtotheinternet andlearningcantakeplaceathome atschool andintheoffice businessesprovideprogramsfortheschoolsandthesociety theschoolsprovidecomputerlabsforpeoplewithouttheirowncomputersathome becauseeveryonecangoontheinternet olderpeopleuseitasmuchasyoungerones andeveryonecanvisitfarawaylibrariesandmuseumsaseasilyasnearbyones howwillthisnewkindofschoolchangetheusualwayoflearning itistooearlytobesure butitisveryexcitingtothinkaboutit technologywillchangethewaywelearn schoolswillchangeaswell andwewillalllearnsomethingfromtheinternet 1 whothinksthatstudentsdon thavetolearnatschool a everyone b thewriter c somepeople d theteachers 2 whatdoes anewkindofschool meaninthepassage a aschoolwithmanynewcomputers b aschoolwithmanynewstudents c aschoolwithmanynewteachers d aschoolwhichislinkedtotheinternet d c 3 olderpeople a nevergoontheinternetb goontheinternetmoreoftenthanyoungeronesc goontheinternetasoftenasyoungeronesd goontheinternetlessoftenthanyoungerones4 whatthewriterthinksisthat a schoolsarestillnecessaryb moreschoolsshouldbebuiltc thereshouldbefewerschoolsd morecomputersareneededinschools a c 5 whichofthefollowingsentencesisnottrue a technologywillchangeourwayoflearning b ifyouareastudent youcansetupwebsitestoshownewtechnology c theschoolsprovidecomputerlabsforthosewhohavenopersonalcomputers d ontheinternet youcanvisitanothercity slibraryaseasilyasthepeoplethere b b阅读短文 根据短文内容回答问题 janmelaisn tlikemostkids twoyearsago helostanarmandaleg butthatdidn tstophim onsaturday the15 year oldboyfrompoland 波兰 walkedtothenorthpole 北极 withoutanyhelp ificandoit otherpeoplecandogreatthings too melasaidbeforehewent polishnewspaperssaidmelaistheyoungestpersonandthefirsthandicapped 残疾的 persontowalktothenorthpole howdidmelaloseanarmandaleg hehadanelectrical 电的 accident now hewalkswiththehelpofa62 000 yuanman madeleg aftertheaccident melafeltsadforhimself buthedidn tlosehope oneday hemetmarekkaminski apolishexplorer eightyearsago kaminskiwenttothenorthpoleandthesouthpoleinthesameyear melawantedtoseethenorthpole too somelaaskedkaminskiiftheycouldgotogethernexttime kaminskisaidyes ittookmela21daystogettothenorthpole thelastthreeorfourdayswerereallyhardbecauseofbadweather butmelakeptgoing ididn tthinkwewouldmakeit hesaid then thingsgotbetter 1 whathappenedtomelatwoyearsago 2 whydidpolishnewspapersreportthetraveltothenorthpole hehadanarmandaleglostinanaccident becauseitwasmadebytheyoungestpersonandthefirsthandicappedperson 3 howdoesmelawalkaftertheaccident 4 wheredidkaminskigoeightyearsago 5 whydidmelamakethetravel hewalkswiththehelpofa62 000 yuanman madeleg hewenttothenorthpoleandthesouthpole becausehewantedtoshowthatnothingishard ifyouputyourheartintoit c阅读下列短文 判断正 t 误 f beingsafeatschoolandinyoureverydaylifeneedsknowledge ifyourememberthefollowinginformation yourlifewillbemuchsafer alwaysnoticetheenvironmentaroundyou youshouldn twalkaloneoutside makesurewherethepublicphonesare ifanythingdangeroushappens youcanfindthemquickly don tuseearphones 耳机 whenrunningintheschoolyardoronthestreet youwillkeepyourselffromtheoutsideworldandcanbeeasilysurprised schoolbagsshouldbecarriedtowardsthefrontofyourbodyinsteadofputtingthemonyourback whenbusesarecrowded itiseasyenoughforthievestostealthethingsinyourbagsonyourback ifyouarefollo