It 用法归纳学案.doc

Unit One: It 用法归纳学案一、 指代1.用来指代上文提到的事物。1）-Pass me your nose. - Here it is .2）Whatever you do and say, ask yourself whether it is welcomed by others.2. 表示时间，天气， 距离，温度等。1）It was cold yesterday.2）It may be 25 kms from here to the town.3）It was very quiet in the caf.3. 作为人称代词，it可以用来指东西、动物、婴儿和未确定身份的人。 1）Wheres my left eye? Have you seen it? 2）The cat is in the garden, isnt it? 3）The baby cried because it is hungry. 4） (有人在敲门）Who is it? 4.表示谁在做某事的句子：1）- Who is it? -Its me.2）Her face lighted when she saw who it was. 5.用来泛泛的指某件事：1）It doesnt matter.2）It is a shame, isnt it? 3）So you are going to be married this time？When is it？注意：it, one及 that 作代词的用法区别1.it代替前面提到的同一事物,该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词。2.one代替前面提到的同类事物中的一个。该事物只能是可数名词,前面可以有冠词,也可以 被this、that或形容词修饰,其后也可以有定语。3.that代替前面提到的同类事物中特指的一个。该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词,要有后置定语,但不可以有前置修饰语。选择：1.Thenewsthattheyfailedtheirdrivingtest upset him,_? A.didthey B.didntthey C.didit D.didntit 2.-Whydontwehavealittlebreak? -Didntwejusthave_? A.it B.that C.one D.this 3. Fewpleasurescanequalto _ofacooldrinkonahotday. A.someB.any C.that D.those二、 形式主语1. It is necessary to be prepared for a job interview. Having the answers ready will be of great help.2. It is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.句子: 由that 引导的主语从句有时为了使句子结构平衡, 避免 “头重脚轻”, 常用 it 作形式主语, 而把从句放在后面。 例如: . That he will refuse this piece of advice is impossible._.That they should like each other is natural. _常用句型: 1) It is + n. +从句 It is a pity/shame that. 遗憾的是 It is a surprise that 令人惊奇的是 It is a fact that 是事实 It is common knowledge that 是常识*_(很遗憾)we lost the match.*_(这是事实)he cheated in the exam.2) It is + adj. +从句 Its certain that 肯定 It is possible that. 很可能 It is unlikely that. 不可能 It is obvious that 很明显 It is necessary important natural. that*_(很可能)she will come back tomorrow.*_(很明显)this measure is effective.3) It +不及物动词+从句 It happened that. 碰巧 It occurred to me that 我突然想起 It seems that 似乎 It appears that 看来*_(刚好)I came into the office at that time.*_(我突然想起)I forget to send the letter.4) It + be +过去分词+从句 It is said that. 据说 It is known to all that. 众所周知 It is reported that. 据报道 It is believed that. 据信;人们相信 It is suggested that + (should）do. 建议It must be admitted that 必须承认 It cannot be denied that 不可否认 It must be pointed out that需指出的是 *_(据报道)20 people were killed in the accident. *_(建议)we should eat more vegetable and do more exercise.短语 1.It is adj ( for sb. ) to do sth. important， necessary， natural ， impossible ， unusual ， rare ，easy ， hard ， difficult ， pleasant ， likely, right,wrong,clear,obvious,certain, 等。2. It is adj ( of sb. ) to do sth. good （好心的）， nice（有教养的）， polite， kind ， brave ， careless， honest ，modest ， wise ， clever ， thoughtful,careful,crazy， bad ， lazy ， rude ， cruel ， foolish ， silly ， stupid ，等。3. Itsnogood/usedoing Its(well)worthdoing其他 1. It takes sb. . to do sth. “做要花费某人”。 It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall. 2. It doesnt matter whether ( if ) . “不论（是否）没关系。It doesnt matter if they are old. 三、形式宾语1.动词+ it + 形容词/名词+（ for sb +）to do + that 从句2.动词+ it + 形容词 （important、necessary、natural、essential）+ that从（should） The chairman thought _ necessary to invite Mr. Obama to visit Peking. A. that B. it C. this D. him译： 我认为你去参加这会议很重要。3.动词（accept, regard, take, see,）+ it+as+noun/adj. + 从句4.动词+it+to sb.+that oweittosb.that把归功于 leaveittosbthat把留给某人去做 takeitforgrantedthat把想当然 keepitinmindthat把记在心里 例1.Dontbothertotidy your room.Justleaveittometodo.译， 他想当然的以为女朋友会再回来。5.动词+i