2012届上海市高三二模英语试卷——选标题.doc

2012届上海市高三二模英语试卷选标题（崇明）A. Analyze visual information.B. Have a good concentration skill.C. Do a good workout.D. Keep a good memory.E. Use logic and reasoning skills.F. Build up language skills.Many men are devoted to exercise to build up their bodies, but the phrase “use it or lose it” applies to more than just the muscle in our bodiesit also applies to our brains. Here are 5 tips that can help our brains stay sharp.76. _It plays an important role in all cognitive activities, including reading, reasoning and mental calculation. There are several types of its work in the brain. Taken together, these are the cognitive skills we may notice most when they begin to fail. To keep a good memory, you need to train for it, which can be easier than you think. Listening to music is enjoyable. By choosing a song you dont know and memorizing the lyrics, you improve your memory skills.77. _It is necessary in nearly all daily tasks and it enables you to focus despite noise and to think about several things at once. We can improve the skill by simply changing our routines. Change your course to work or reorganize your deskboth will force your brain to wake up and pay attention again.78. _It will increase your ability to recognize, remember and understand words. With regular practice, you can expand your knowledge of new words and more easily think of words to say because they will come to you more naturally. For example, if you usually only read the sports section, try reading a few business articles. Youll learn new words, and by using them you can also exercise your brain.79. _You can also exercise your brain by taking advantage of your environment. Try walking into a room and picking out five items and their locations. When you exit the room, try to remember all five items and where they are located. Too easy? Wait two hours and try to remember those items and their locations. Analyzing what you saw will force you to use your memory and train your brain to focus on your surroundings.80. _ It helps you make decisions, build up hypotheses and consider the possible consequences of your actions. Activities in which you must define a strategy to reach a desired outcome and calculate the right moves to reach the solution in the shortest possible time are actually fun activities you can do daily. For example, playing video games requires you to come up with a strategy so as to advance to the next level.76. D77. B 78. F 79. A80. E（奉贤）A. What does the Olympic Motto mean?B. Research on individual styles improves performance.C. Research holds the key to success. D. Personalized programs will help.E. New equipment has made a difference. F. Is there a limit to record-breaking?76. _A world record is every athletes dream, but the hard-won records of a few years ago are mostly just todays qualifying times. Roger Bannisters famous four-minute mile of 1956 has been beaten by nearly 15 seconds, while almost an hour and twenty minutes has been taken off the womens marathon since. 1953. Faster, higher, stronger, is the Olympic motto, and todays competitors continue to push back the boundaries of what the body can achieve. But one wonders if this can continue.77. _The last forty years have seen many important technological advances. For example, since the introduction of strong flexible, fiberglass poles, over a meter has been added to the pole vault record. There have also been important developments in the design of the running shoe. And while a shoe wont actually make someone run faster, modern shoes do mean many more miles of comfortable, injury-free training.78. _Pushing back the limits now depends more on science, technology and medicine than anything else. Athletic technique, training programmes and diets are all being studied to find ways of taking a few more seconds off or adding a few more centimetres to that elusive world record. It seems that natural ability and hard work are no longer enough.79. _The research to find more efficient ways of moving goes on. Analysis of an athletes style is particularly useful for events like jumping and throwing. Studies show that long jumpers need to concentrate not on the speed of approach, as once thought, but on the angle their bodies make with the ground as they take off. However, the rules governing each sport limit advances achieved by new styles. For instance only one-footed takeoffs are allowed in the high jump.80. _In the future, it should be possible to develop a more individual approach to training programmes. Athletes will keep detailed diaries and collect data to help predict the point when training becomes overtraining, the cause of many injuries. If athletes feed all their information into a database, it may then be possible to predict patterns and to advise them individually when they should cut7680 FECBD（虹口）A. The future cars and environmental protection B. Driving experience in electronic controlC. The functions of selfdriving systemD. Ways of better safety in the futureE. The combination of computing and communications in future carsF. Wireless communications 76.Today, the Internet is in a few cars; tomorrow, broadband (宽带) will be in all of them. Any capability a personal computer has, a car will have, including twoway wireless communications for receiving email, music, and movies. When youre crossing the lonely place, the kids can watch TV if theyre bored. Every passenger will have a video feed. 77.Every car will have a selfdriving system linked to GPS satellites. Radar sensors (传感器) will track nearby cars. On the freeway, theyll slow your car when the car ahead of you slows; in town, theyll help you park without hitting other cars. At rush hour, youll get the routes around traffic jams and accidents. The selfdriving system in a car makes it possible for the car to drive itself, though some scientists say thats 30 to 40 years off. 78.Motor vehicles today represent 20 to 30 percent of the worlds energy use. In the near future, a small gasoline engine and an electric motor will be brought together. Drivers will use electricity in a storage battery for short distances. Longer term, cars might burn hydrogen or use a fuel cell that converts a fuel like hydrogen and combines it with oxygen to create power. Then the waste will be pure water. 79. Youll use the voice control: “Make it a bit cooler” or “find me country music”. Lighter, more reliable electronic controls replace mechanical controls. Fiber optics (光纤) replace electrical wires and light bulbs. Seats will be airconditioned. The car will travel with one side higher than the other when turning, just as an airplane does now. 80. Cars will avoid some accidents by maintaining safe following distances, and by sensing sleepy or drunk drivers. Air bags will adapt for every passenger according to their size, weight, and position in case accidents happen. 76-80：ECABD（黄浦、嘉定）A. Classifications of liarsB. Everyone lies, more or lessC. Gender impacts ways of lyingD. Purposes of telling liesE. Reason why men lie moreF. Women, more careful liars76. Its been said that “everybody lies sometimes.” And its true. Everyone does lie from time to time. Men lie; women lie. Husbands lie, friends lie, wives lie, and believe it or not, your mother might lie. A recent study showed that 91% of all people lie on a regular basis, and people tell at least 13 major lies a week.77. The first thing one has to understand about lying is that there are at least five different types of liars: the model of absolute integrity, the real straight-shooter, the pragmatic fibber, a real Pinocchio and the compulsive liar, according to sociologist anthropologist Dr. Gina Graham Scott.78. Dr. Robert G. Newby, the professor of sociology at Central Michigan University, believes that men are more likely to tell lies than women. “Men are more concerned about how they present themselves in public, the impression they make on people and things like that,” he says. “Men are always trying to impress people in the work and want to make sure that their presentation of self is one that makes them look good.” Women, on the other hand, Dr. Newby believes, are more private people and their relationship tends to be more interpersonal, as opposed to having to put on a public face. Women are more vulnerable and they are not as likely to try to pull the wool over someones eyes like men. 79. Dr Ronn Elmore, Los Angeles-based relationship counselor, does not believe that lying is based on gender. “But I believe when women lie it tends to be verbal, plain old-fashioned lies with words. But when men lie, it is often nonverbal, as in doing what he says he would not do or not doing what he promised he would do. Either way, its a lie, male version or female version. It is the opposite of integrity.”80. Vesta Callender, psychotherapist in New York City, also agrees that ones gender does not play a role in lying, but men and women do lie differently. “Women concern more while lying. They plan better,” Callender notes. “They create a history around the lie, and they try to project into the future what might happen if the lie is detected. With a woman, a lie has a beginning, a middle and an end. Its a real entanglement.” Callender believes that men “tend to lie for the moment or to get out of a situation. Men think less about how the lie can be detected.” 7680BAECF(静安、杨浦、宝山、青浦)A. The comparison between renewable energy and nuclear energyB. The benefits and risks of using nuclear energyC. The reason for keeping nuclear powerD. The panic caused by the leak of radiationE. The main energy source and its problemsF. An ideal energy and the proportion it accounts for76.One of the consequences of the terrible earthquake and tsunami in Japan on 11 March was, of course, a leak of radiation at the Fukushima nuclear power station on the countrys east coast. Soon afterwards, all the people living within twenty kilometres of the plant were told to leave because of the danger from the radiation. 77.The pros and cons of nuclear power always come up in debates about how the world should produce the energy it needs. Those who think the risks are too great can obviously use Chernobyl and now Fukushima in their argument, while also pointing out that nuclear waste stays radioactive for hundreds of years, and asking what might happen if terrorists ever chose to attack a nuclear power plant. Those who support nuclear power point out that a very small amount of nuclear fuel can create a huge amount of energy, and that unlike the burning of fossil fuels such as oil, coal and natural gas, nuclear power stations dont contribute to global warming by pushing greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. 78.Most of the worlds energy currently comes from fossil fuels, but this cant go on forever. As well as the problem of global warming there is the simple fact that the Earth has a limited amount of these resources. They will eventually run out although there is a lot of disagreement about when that might be. 79.Apart from nuclear power, which currently provides less than 10% of the worlds energy, the other alternative is energy from renewable sources. These include hydropower, biofuels (made mostly from crops), wind power and solar power, and together they currently provide around 15% of the worlds energy. Some scientists think renewable energy is the great hope for the future not only because it wont run out but also because it is less risky than nuclear power and produces far fewer greenhouse gases than burning fossil fuels. 80.Other scientists, however, believe we will never produce enough renewable energy to fill the gap when fossil fuels begin to run out. That is why, even while watching the very worrying events in Japan, they argue that nuclear power will always have to be part of the solution to the worlds energy problems.7680 DBEFC （闵行）A. Joint effort in the development of for-profit centersB. Benefits brought to parentsC. An alternative to the problem of public playgroundsD. Suitable time arrangement for working parentsE. Parents worries of the kids safety in the new playgroundF. Parents concern about kids playing time76. As public playgrounds grow increasingly worn and shabby, the for-profit centers offer clean, safe, supervised activities as well as a variety of challenging exercises to develop youngsters physical fitness, usually for a fee of around $5 an hour. “Playgrounds are dirty, not supervised,” says Dick Guggenheimer, owner of the two-month-old Discovery Zone in Yonkers, N.Y., part of a Kansas City-based chain. “Were indoors; were padded; parents can feel their child is safe.”77. Discovery Zone has sold 120 outlets in the past 14 months, boasting sandboxes full of brightly colored plastic balls, mazes, obstacle courses, slides and mountains to climb. Now McDonalds is getting into the act. The burger giant is test-marketing a new playground, Leaps&Bounds, in Naperville, Ill. Phys Kids of Wichita has opened one center and has plans to expand.78. American parents are rightly worried about their kids leisure life. There are 36 million children in the U.S. aged 2 to 11 who watch an average of 24 hours of TV a week and devote less and less energy to active recreation. Nationwide decrease in education budgets are making the problem worse, as gym classes and after-hours sports time get squeezed. Says Discovery Zone president Jack Gunion: “We have raised a couple of pure couch potatoes.”79. In an attempt to attract more people, the new facilities cater to (迎合) the concerns of two-earner families, staying open in the evenings, long after traditional public playground have grown dark and unusable. At Napervilles Leaps&Bounds, families can play together for $4.95 per child, parents free. Fresh-faced assistants, dressed in colorful sport pants and shirts, guide youngsters to appropriate play areas for differing age group.80. These new playgrounds are not meant to be day-care facilities; parents are expected to stay and play with their kids rather than drop them off. But several also provide high-tech baby-sitting services. At some of the Discovery Zones, parents can register their children in special supervised programs, then leave them and slip away for a couple of hours to enjoy a movie or dinner. The most fun of all, though, is getting to do what parents used to do in the days before two-career families and two-hour commutes: play with their kid. That, at least, is old-fashioned, even at per-hour rates.76. C77. A78. F79. D80. B（浦东）An interview with Benno Nigg, the sports scientistA. What kind of technology might we see in sports shoes of the future?B. What should people look out for when buying a new pair of sports shoes?C. Will a more expensive shoe make me run faster or jump higher, as the ads suggest?D. Is it true that expensive shoes are no better at preventing injury than cheap ones?E. Some people say we should run just as well without shoes. Whats your opinion?F. You helped develop the unstable Masai MBT shoes. Does this design actually work?76. Niggs Answer: That is a little bit overstated. But the literature shows that shoes are a minor player in injury development. If you take a group of people and want to injure them, send them out every day for a 20-kilometre run. A lot of them will be injured in three weeks. The major factors are the distance run, the intensity and recovery time, not the shoes.77. Niggs Answer: The problem is that if you go to a store and want to find your best shoes, you dont know what to do. Things that are sometimes done, like video analysis of your rear foot movement, may not help. The only way to assess whether a shoe is right for you is how it feels. If you feel comfortable in a shoe, its likely to be good for you.78. Niggs Answer: A shoe may act as a training device, making some muscles to function more effectively for a majority of users. Or it may use materials that last longer. That may have something to do with its price. However, for the average runner it is difficult to distinguish between actual functional designs and unnecessary features. Generally, the more a shoe controls movement, the more it acts like a cast, which means you lose some muscle strength, and your feet are more likely to be injured.79. Niggs Answer: Yes, for about 80 per cent of people. The major benefits are training the small muscles crossing the ankle joint, and a reduction of knee and lower back pain. However, some claims for these unstable shoes are overstated, such as the general muscle strengthening that they are claimed to produce.80. Niggs Answer: There are claims that there are fewer injuries when you run barefoot, but there is not yet enough evidence, or enough research, to prove that. If you look at performance, most papers suggest an advantage of 3 to 4 per cent. With a few exceptions, people dont run barefoot, so it may be that its not an advantage, or it may be that were just not used to it.76-80. DBCFE（普陀）A. Independence leading to family breakupB. Womens easy and convenient life in USAC. No marriage for many people nowadaysD. Average American families getting smallE. Full freedom for young womenF. Divorce- a social problem in USA76. _Marriage, like other social instructions, is showing the strains of modern life. While more Americans are getting married today than ever before, the divorce rate is also disturbingly