doing用法大全.ppt

The ingformastheSubjectandObject Grammar Haveyoueverseenthesesigns parking spitting littering smoking ingforms 1 动词 ing形式的构成 是在动词末尾加 ing形式构成 因此又叫动词的 ing形式 如 do doing be being ask asking etc 否定形式 not ing构成2 动词 ing形式不能单独作谓语 没有人称和数的变化 但可以有时态和语态的变化 如havingdone beingdone 3 动词 ing形式由动词加 ing变化而成 它同时具有名词和动词的特征 在句中可以作主语 宾语 表语 宾补 状语等 一 动词 ing形式作主语表示经常的 习惯性的动作或状态 谓语动词通常用单数 如 对年轻人和老年人来讲 走路是一种很好的锻炼 Walkingisagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold 在电视上看新闻已经成了我的一种日常习惯WatchingnewsonTVhasbecomearoutine 日常习惯 forme 乘火车去杭州要16个小时 GoingtoHangzhoubytraintakesabout16hours 在我们国家问一个女人的年龄是不礼貌的 Askingawoman sageisimpoliteinourcountry 一个英语句子是由主谓宾构成的 通常情况下 主语和宾语通常是由名称或代词充当的 当主语和宾语变成了动词 用法是主动的必须用doing 被动的必须用beingdone 也可用one sdoing或one sbeingdone 否定时not必须放在doing之前 1 isagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold ThewalkB WalkingC TowalkD Walk2 Ifind moretomatoesdoesgoodtopeople shealth toeatB eatingC eatD eaten B B 2 madethestudent interestinhisstudies Beingpunished toloseB Published loseC Beingpunished loseD Havingbeenpunished lost3 Whatmadeyouupset hernewbicycle AsshelostB LostC LosingD Becauseoflosing4 tosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone sskin ExposedB HavingexposedC BeingexposedD Afterbeingexposed C C C 5 themeetinghimselfgavethemagreatdealofencouragement ThepresidentwillattendB ThepresidenttoattendC ThepresidentattendedD Thepresident sattending6 thehomeworkmadehisfatherlosehistemper temper Theboy snothavingdoneB TheboynothavingdoneC Theboy shavingnotdoneD Theboyhavingnotdone D A 2 ing形式作主语时常后置 此时须用it作形式主语 用形容词或名词作表语 常见的名词或名词短语有 nouse nogood fun ahard difficultjob awasteoftime等 形容词有 dangerous worthwhile useless等 如 为这件事找借口是没有用的 It snousemakinganexcuseforthis 谈论这样无用的事情简直是浪费时间 It sawasteoftimetalkingaboutsuchauselessthing 有风的天气在海里游泳是危险的 It sdangerousswimmingintheseaonwindydays 这个问题值得讨论 Itisworthwhilediscussingthequestion 3 在therebe结构中作主语 构成 Thereis wasnodoing 这种结构的意思相当于 Itisimpossibletodo 如 Thereisnohidingofevilbutnottodoit 若要人不知 除非己莫为 Hereisnojokingaboutsuchmatter 这种事开不得玩笑 Therewasnoknowingwhenhewouldleave 无法知道他什么时候离开 注意 动名词与不定式做主语时的比较 动名词表示的动作通常是一个泛指的动作 不定式则通常表示具体的动作 如 集邮是一种乐趣 Collectingstampsisapleasure 我很荣幸被邀请参加这个晚会 It sanhonorformetobeinvitedtotheparty 归纳 常用 ing形式作主语的句型有 It be awasteoftimedoing做 是浪费时间的Itis wasnogood usedoing做 是没用处的Itis washardly scarcelyworthdoing做 不值得Itis wasworth worthwhiledoing做 是值得的Thereisnodoing 无法 Thereisnosenseindoing做 没有道理Thereis wasnousedoing干 无意义Thereis wasnothingworsethandoing没有比 更糟的Thereis wasnopointdoing干 无意义 注意 Thereisnoneedtodosth干 没必要 在此句式中todo不可换为doing 没有必要告诉她 Thereisnoneedtotellher 提示 当动名词用作主语时 其逻辑主语由形容词性物主代词和名词所有格构成 我姐姐病了 使我很担心 Mysister sbeingillmademeworried 你正确未必就意味着我错了 Yourbeingrightdoesn tnecessarilymeanmybeingwrong 二 动名词用作宾语只能后接doing作宾语的动词 考虑建议盼原谅承认推迟没得想避免错过继续练否认完成就欣赏禁止想象才冒险不禁介意准逃亡consider suggest advise lookforwardto excuse pardon admit delay putoff fancy avoid miss keep keepon practice deny finish enjoy appreciate forbid imagine risk can thelp mind allow permit escape 此外 beusedto leadto devoteto gobackto stickto objectto getdownto payattentionto can tstand giveup feellike insiston thankyoufor apologizefor bebusy in 顺便记一下 下列动词只接todo做宾语 决心学会想希望 拒绝设法愿假装 主动答应选计划 同意请求帮一帮 decide determine learn want expect hope wish refuse manage care pretend offer promise choose plan agree beg help havesomedifficulty trouble in haveagood wonderful hardtime in spend wastetime in 等动词词组也要用动名词做宾语 Wemusttrytoavoid repeat thesamemistake Haveyouconsidered look foronespecialfriend Doyoufeellike have awalkwithmeaftersupper Peoplecouldn thelp laugh funnyman Thesquirrelwassoluckythatitjustmissed catch IcanhardlyimaginePeter sail acrosstheAtlantic Iwouldappreciateyour call tonight Thediscoveryofthenewevidenceledtothethief catch repeating looking having laughing beingcaught sailing calling beingcaught 动名词可与介词一起构成介词短语 A 介词 动名词 如 我们得想些法子改变人们的习惯 We vegottothinkofwaysofchangingpeople shabits 我向你道歉 刚才对你那样生气 Iapologizeforbeingsoangrywithyou 离开几年之后再回到你的家乡 感觉有点怪 Afterbeingawayforseveralyears itisastrangeexperiencetoreturntothehometown B 动词 介词 动名词 如 我坚持为这次出行带足需要的食物 Iinsistontakingenoughfoodforthistrip 同学们脸上没有笑容 相反都做了怪脸 Insteadofsmiling eachofthemmadeaface 她对为我们公司工作很感兴趣 Shewasveryinterestedinworkingforourcompany 我喜欢钓鱼和旅游 Iamfondoffishingaswellastraveling 下列短语中的to都是介词 所以后面跟名词或 ing形式 devoteto objectto payattentionto getdownto leadto lookforwardto stickto beusedto等 但是 介词but except besides后要连用todosth 而且这三个词前出现do的任何形式还要省略to 我没有选择只好放弃 Ihadnochoicebuttogiveup Icoulddonothingbutgiveup 2 存在既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词 常见的有 begin start continue intend like love prefer hate mean forget remember regret goon try等 1 在like love hate prefer等动词之后 用 ing或不定式意义上没有什么不同 只是侧重点有些不同 动名词表示泛指的动作 不定式表示具体的一次性动作 我喜欢游泳 但我不喜欢今天去游泳 因为天气太凉 Ilikeswimming butIdon tliketoswimtoday foritistoocool 2 在begin start continue intend之后 用动名词和不定式 意义无甚区别 尤其是当主语是人的时候 3 在动词forget remember regret之后 用动名词与不定式意义不同 动名词表示动作先于谓语发生 不定式表示后于谓语动作 如 我记得我已把信寄了 Irememberpostingtheletter 我会记着去寄信的 I llremembertoposttheletter 我永远不会忘记见到过那位著名作家 Ishallneverforgetseeingthefamouswriter 我遗憾地通知你我们不能聘用你 Iregrettoinformyouthatweareunabletoemployyou 不要忘了给你母亲写信 Don tforgettowritetoyourmother 我真后悔没赶上那次报告会 Iregretmissingthereport 我遗憾地告诉你我不能接受你的建议 IregrettosayIcan ttakeyouradvice 1 Robertisindeedawiseman Oh yes HowoftenIhaveregretted hisadvice totakeB takingC nottotakeD nottaking2 Whenaskedbythepolice hesaidthatheremembered attheparty butnot toarrive leavingB toarrive toleaveC arriving leavingD arriving toleave D C 4 在try mean stop goon can thelp beused之后 意义各不相同 我们必须设法及时把一切搞好 Wemusttrytogeteverythingdoneintime 我们用别的方法做这工作试试 Let strydoingtheworkinsomeotherway 我并不想叫你生气 Ididn tmeantomakeyouangry 你的计划意味着要花费几个小时 Yourplanwouldmeanspendinghours 请接着做这同一个练习 Pleasegoondoingthesameexercise 请做另外一个练习 Pleasegoontodotheotherexercise 我们停止了交谈 Westoppedtalking 我们停了下来去谈话 Westoppedtotalk 1 Let shavearest Notnow Idon twanttostop yet A studyB tostudyC forstudyingD studying2 Letmetellyousomethingaboutthejournalists Don tyouremember methestoryyesterday A toldB tellingC totellD tohavetold3 Whatmadeyousoupset twoticketstothepopmusicconcert A LosingB BecauseoflosingC ToloseD BecauseIhadlost4 Ican timagine thatwiththem A doB todoC beingdoneD doing B D A D mademeupset 3 Hegotwell preparedforthejobinterview forhecouldn trisk thegoodopportunity A toloseB losingC tobelostD beinglost4 isforbiddeninsidethepark A TocycleB WecycleC AnyonecyclesD Cycling5 Ican tstand withJaneinthesameoffice Shejustrefuses talkingwhilesheworks A working stoppingB towork stoppingC working tostopD towork tostop6 Theoldladyneeds A lookafterB tolookafterC lookingafterD beinglookedafter B D C C 7 Istillremember totheFamenTempleandwhatIsawthere TotakeB tobetakenC takingD beingtaken8 Theyarequiet aren tthey Yes Theyareaccustomed atmeals TotalkB tonottalkC totalkingD tonottalking9 Isn tittimeyougodownto thepapers MarkB bemarkedC beingmarkedD marking10 it snecessarytobepreparedforajobinterview theanswersreadywillbeofgreathelp TohavehadB havinghadC haveD having11 Susanwantstobeindependentofherparents Shetried alone butshedidn tlikeitandmovedbackhome LivingB toliveC tobelivingD havinglived12 isthereanypossibilityofthefilm inParisInternationalFestival Notintheleast becauseaudiencegenerallythinklittleofit TryingoutB triedoutC totryoutD beingtriedout13 wedidn tfindtheBlacks thelecture nooneofhadtoldthemabout alecturethefollowingday Toattend theretobeB attending therebeingC attended therebeD attend therewas14 Mymotherreallycan tunderstand thecatlikesthat A YoutreatB youtotreatC whytreatD youtreating 14 SomeschoolsinShanghaihavemovedonestepcloserto withtheglobaleducationcommunity BeingconnectedB connectC HavingbeenconnectedD beconnected15 Hesuggestedme theteacherforhelp ToaskB shouldaskC askingD wouldask16 upon home hemadeatelephonecalltome HearrivedB arrivedC arrivingD toarrive17 doyouknowwhytheypractise basketballeveryschool theypractise inthebasketballmatchofourschool playing tojoinB playing joiningC Toplay TojoinD toplay joining 18 Iwouldappreciate backthisafternoon YoutocallB youcallC yourcallingD youarecalling19 Themaninsisted ataxiformeeventhoughItoldhimIlivednearby FindB tofindC onfindingD infinding20 Imustapologizefor aheadoftime thatisallright LettingyounotknowB notlettingyouknowC LettingyouknownotD lettingnotyouknow 1 Ifyoucankeep read Englishnewspapers yourEnglishwillbeimproved 2 Hehaspromised come tomybirthdayparty