韩素英笔译比赛多届真题整理.docx

中国翻译第三届“青年有奖翻译比赛”（1988）竞赛原文（英译汉） Doug HeirLynn RoselliniIt was Fathers Day 1978, and Doug Heir, a brawny 18-year-old, was working as a lifeguard at a pool in Fairfield, N.J. Suddenly he spotted a struggling child crying for help. Doug dived off the nine-foot lifeguard stand into the pool. The next thing he saw was a white flash as his head struck the concrete bottom. The water turned red around him, and Dong felt he was drowning. Then he saw his brother, Brian, pulling him to the surface. “Some bodys in trouble over there,” Doug sputtered, blood gushing from his head. “Dont worry,” said Brian, in words his brother would never forget. “The kid was faking.” Doug couldnt move. A defensive tackle on his college football team, he was used to being hit hard. He was just stunned, he thought. Brian and the other lifeguards lifted Doug from the water. Later, as paramedics from an ambulance unit hovered over him, Doug waited for feeling to return to his body. The minutes ticked by, yet his legs and hands remained numb. He was frightened. A few miles away in North Caldwell, Leonard and Carol Heirs preparations for a Fathers Day barbecue were interrupted by a telephone call from the pool manager. They arrived at Mountainside Hospital in Montclair just as their son, his head cradled in towels, was carried in on a stretcher. The prognosis came quickly: a broken neck, irreversible spinal damage. “Hes a quadriplegic,” said the doctor. “Doug has lost all use of his hands and legs.” By now, Doug was in deep shock. It was decided to transfer him to Bellevue Hospital in New York City, where he could get the best care. At six the next morning, Doug went into surgery. For three hours, doctors at Bellevue rebuilt his shattered neck, taking bone from his hip. In January 1979, six months after the accident, Doug moved home. The next day, he entered Ramapo College of New Jersey, a small school in Mahwah with excellent facilities for the handicapped. He plunged into his political-science studies, accumulating a straight-A average, and began swimming and lifting weights. Before long, the phys-ed instructor asked Doug, “Why dont you enter a wheelchair competition?” Doug said he wasnt interested, but the teacher persisted. Finally Doug agreed to enter a race. On the day of the meet, as he sat at the starting line in his heavy, everyday wheelchair, Doug noticed that the other competitors had fancy, light racing chairs. Then the starters gun went off, and Doug barreled down the course, pushing his wheels faster and faster. As the unwieldy chair gained speed, Doug lost control. His chair careened into an opponent, sending them both tumbling to the ground. Doug was disqualified. But as friends helped him right his chair, his heart pounded with excitement. And a grin spread over his face. Discouraged? He was elated! At the next meet, Doug concentrated on field events. His shot put was good enough to qualify him for the annual National Wheelchair Games, to be held on Fathers Day 1979. Doug won a bronze medal in shot put that day. But more important, he met the world-champion wheelchair athlete, whose muscular chest and arms and powerful throws astonished Doug. “Im going to beat that guy one day,” he vowed. After that, his training began in earnest. Every day at 7 a .m. Leonard, Brian and Doug gathered in their back yard. First Brian and his father helped Doug stretch and warm up his arms. Then, while his father held the wheelchair and Brain coached, Doug put the shot and threw the discus and javelin. Afterward, he swam half a mile and worked out for two hours on a weight-training machine in his bedroom. In time, his biceps bulged to 18 1/2 inches, and Doug was able to bench-press 400 pounds. Between classes at Ramapo, he traveled with the Jersey Wheelers wheelchair team and began cleaning up in local competitions. When he entered his second national games in 1980, he came away with silver medals in shot put, discus and pentathlon. The following year he won a gold in discus, plus silvers in shot put and javelin. Even with success, Doug occasionally got discouraged. On winter mornings, the ground where he trained was snowy and frozen, the wind bitter. In summer, the heat and humidity seemed to cook him alive. As a result of his accident, Doug couldnt perspire from his shoulders downward, and Brian had to spray him with water to ward off heat exhaustion. Why am I trying so hard? Doug sometimes wondered. And then he would remember the long, helpless days in the hospital, the despair, and the support of his family. How could he let them down? In1982, Doug won three gold medals at the World Games, and he graduated from Ramapo as a deans list scholar. That fall, he entered Rutgers School of Law in Camden, N.J. But he also had another goal: doing his best in the 1984 Paralympics, in Aylesbury, England . On the morning of July 29, Doug took his place with other Paralympic athletes for his first event, the javelin competition. He noticed reporters crowding around a South African athlete who had just thrown the javelin. “A world record!” someone said. Dougs heart fell. The record had been his. He rolled to the throwing circle, took several deep breaths and glanced at his father. “You can do it!” Leonard Heir shouted. Doug took a practice throw. Then, as he lifted the javelin and drew back his arm, the crowd grew still. With a supreme effort, he hurled the slim rod skyward, nearly catapulting himself from the chair. When the javelin plunged to earth, the crowd erupted in thunderous shouts. Doug had set yet another record! Before the Paralympics were over, Doug had won not only the gold medal for javelin but also golds in discus and shot put, plus a silver in pentathlon. As he accepted his four medals, the American flag flying behind him, he had never been happier. “If you look at life,” he told a reporter, “there are 10,000 things you can do. With a disability, maybe you cant do 1,000 of them, but youve got to go for the other 9,000. You set your own limits.”杜格埃厄林罗塞利尼1978年父亲节这天，杜格埃厄，一个身强体壮的18岁小伙子，作为救生员在新泽西州费尔菲尔德镇上的一家游泳池值班。突然，他发现有个孩子正在水中挣扎着呼救。杜格从九英尺高的救生台上一个猛子扎入池中。头部撞在混凝土池底上，紧接着，他眼前白光一闪，他周围的水变成了红色，杜格觉得自己快淹死了。随后，他看见哥哥布赖恩把他拖出水面。“那边有人出事儿了。”杜格一边吐水一边急促而含糊地说，鲜血正从他头上涌出。“没事儿，”布赖恩说，“那孩子是假装的。”这句话让他弟弟永世难忘。杜格一动也不能动。作为大学橄榄球队的一名防守抢截，他对于猛烈的冲撞已经习以为常。自己只不过是被震晕了，他想。布赖恩和其他救生员一起把杜格从水里抬了出来。后来，当急救单位的医护人员在他左右俯身忙碌时，杜格还在等着自己的身体恢复知觉。时间过了一分钟又一分钟，但他的双腿和双手仍然麻木。这下子他可吓坏了。在几英里之外的北考德威尔镇，伦纳德海尔和卡萝尔海尔夫妇正在为父亲节的烤肉野餐做准备，突然间游泳池经理打来了电话。他们到达蒙特克莱市的芒腾赛德医院时，正好看见他们的儿子躺在担架上被送了进来，他的头用毛巾裹着。预后很快就出来了：颈椎骨折，不可逆性脊髓损伤。“他四肢瘫痪了，”大夫说，“杜格完全丧失了使用双手和双腿的能力。”此时，杜格已处于严重的休克状态。于是，决定把他转往纽约市的贝尔维尤医院，在那里他可以得到最好的治疗。翌晨六时，杜格开始接受手术。大夫们花了3个小时的时间，用从他髋部取出的骨头修复了他粉碎性骨折的颈椎。1979年1月，即事故后的六个月，杜格回到了家中。第二天，他进入了新泽西州的拉马波学院。这是位于莫沃镇的一所小型学府，有专供残疾人使用的优良设施。入学后，他一心扑在政治学专业的学习上，平均成绩均为优秀，并开始游泳和举重。不久，体育老师问杜格：“你干吗不参加轮椅赛呢？”杜格说没有兴趣，但那位老师却坚持要杜格试试。最后，杜格同意参加一次竞赛。比赛那天，杜格坐着笨重的普通轮椅停在出发线上时，他注意到别的参赛者使用的都是轻便讲究的竞赛轮椅。接着，发令员的枪响了，杜格立刻沿着竞赛路线全速前进，把座下的轮子越推越快。随着笨重轮椅的加速，杜格失去了控制。他的轮椅向一侧倾倒，正好撞着一个对手，结果两个人一块儿翻倒在地上。杜格被取消了比赛资格。可是，当朋友们帮他扶起轮椅时，他的心却兴奋得怦怦直跳，脸上布满了笑容。泄气了吗？不，他还挺得意的呢！第二次运动会时，杜格把精力集中在田赛项目上。他的铅球成绩已使他有资格参加1979年父亲节举行的一年一度的全国轮椅运动会。父亲节那天，杜格获得了铅球赛的铜牌。但更重要的是，他遇见了当过世界冠军的轮椅运动员。那位运动员肌肉发达的胸膛和臂膀，以及他强劲有力的投掷，使杜格感到十分惊讶。“有朝一日我要击败那家伙。”他发誓道。从那以后，他开始了认真的训练。每天早上7点，伦纳德、布赖恩和杜格在他们家后院碰头。首先，布赖恩和父亲帮杜格伸展双臂做准备活动；接下来，父亲扶住轮椅，杜格在布赖恩的指导下练习推铅球和投掷铁饼及标枪；然后，杜格下水游半英里，再回到他卧室的力量训练器上联系两小时。终于，杜格的二头肌鼓了起来，其周长达18.5英寸，他还能卧推400磅的重量。在拉马波学院听课之余，他随同泽西轮椅队四处征战，并开始在当地的比赛中连连夺标。1980年再度参加全国比赛时，他摘走了铅球、铁饼和五项全能三枚银牌。次年，他又获得铁饼金牌，以及铅球和标枪的银牌。即使有了这样的成功，杜格偶尔也会感到心灰意懒，冬日的清晨，训练场地上冰封学冻，寒风刺骨。一到夏季，溽热的酷夏又似乎要把他活活蒸熟。由于那次事故，杜格的身体从肩部以下不会排汗；因此，布赖恩不得不往他身上喷水以避免中暑。我干吗要这么拼命地练呢？杜格有时这样问自己。但每当这时，他就会想起在医院里度过的那些漫长的、无能为力的日子和当时的绝望心情，同时，他也会想到家人给于他的大力支持。他怎么能让他们失望呢？1982年，杜格在世界运动会上赢得三枚金牌，并作为优等生从拉马波学院毕业。当年秋季，他进入位于新泽西州坎登市的拉特格斯法学院深造。但是，他还有另一个目标：要在1984年英国埃尔兹伯里举行的国际伤残人奥运会上发挥出最佳水平。这年7月29日上午，杜格来到赛场，和其他伤残人奥运会选手一起参加他第一个项目的角逐，即标枪比赛。他发现记者们正围着一个刚投完标枪的南非运动员。“一项新的世界纪录！”有人说。杜格的心随之一沉，原先的纪录是他保持的呀！他坐着轮椅进入投掷圈内，做了几次深呼吸，又朝父亲那边瞥了一眼。“你能行！”伦纳德海尔叫道。杜格先进行了一次练习性试投。接着，他举起标枪，向后引臂，人们都静了下来。只见他奋臂一挥，把细长的标枪猛地投向空中，他自己也差点从轮椅中弹出。当标枪终于一头扎进地面时，人群中顿时爆发出雷鸣般的欢呼。杜格再次创造了一项世界纪录！伤残人奥运会尚未结束，杜格不仅夺得了标枪金牌，而且还荣获了铁饼和铅球的金牌，外加一枚五项全能银牌。当他接受四枚奖牌时，美国国旗在他身后高高飘扬，这是他有生以来最幸福的时刻。“如果你纵观人生，”他对一位记者说，“你会发现有10,000件你能够做到的事。假如你有某种残疾，也许对其中的1,000件你已经无能为力。但是，你必须努力争取去做好另外9,000件。事在人为啊。”第一届“韩素音青年翻译奖”竞赛原文（英译汉）TrustAndy RooneyLast night I was driving from Harrisburg to Lewisburg, Pa., a distance of about eighty miles. It was late, I was late and if anyone asked me how fast I was driving, Id have to plead the Fifth Amendment to avoid self-incrimination. Several times I got stuck behind a slow-moving truck on a narrow road with a solid white line on my left, and I was clinching my fists with impatience. At one point along an open highway, I came to a crossroads with a traffic light. I was alone on the road by now, but as I approached the light, it turned red and I braked to a halt. I looked left, right and behind me. Nothing. Not a car, no suggestion of headlights, but there I sat, waiting for the light to change, the only human being for at least a mile in any direction. I started wondering why I refused to run the light. I was not afraid of being arrested, because there was obviously no cop around, and there certainly would have been no danger in going through it. Much later that night, after Id met with a group in Lewisburg and had climbed into bed near midnight, the question of why Id stopped for that light came back to me. I think I stopped because its part of a contract we all have with each other. Its not only the law, but its an agreement we have, and we trust each other to honor it: we dont go through red lights. Like most of us, Im more apt to be restrained form doing something bad by the social convention that disapproves of it than by any law against it. Its amazing that we ever trust each other to do the right thing, isnt it? And we do, too. Trust is our first inclination. We have to make a deliberate decision to mistrust someone or to be suspicious or skeptical. Those attitudes dont come naturally to us. Its a damn good thing too, because the whole structure of our society depends on mutual trust, not distrust. This whole thing we have going for us would fall apart if we didnt trust each other most of the time. In Italy, they have an awful time getting any money for the government, because many people just plain dont pay their income tax. Here the Internal Revenue Service makes some gestures toward enforcing the law, but mostly they just have to trust that well pay what we owe. There has often been talk of a tax revolt in this country, most recently among unemployed auto workers in Michigan, and our government pretty much admits if there was a widespread tax revolt here, they wouldnt be able to do anything about it. We do what we say well do; we show up when we say well show up; we deliver when we say well deliver; and we pay when we say well pay. We trust each other in these matters, and when we dont do what weve promised, its a deviation from the normal. It happens often that we dont act in good faith and in a trustworthy manner, but we still consider it unusual, and were angry or disappointed with the person or organization that violates the trust we have in them. (Im looking for something good to say about mankind today.) I hate to see a story about a bank swindler who has jiggered the books to his own advantage, because I trust banks. I dont like them, but I trust them. I dont go in and demand that they show me my money all the time just to make sure they still have it. Its the same buying a can of coffee or a quart of milk. You dont take the coffee home and weigh it to make sure its a pound. There isnt time in life to distrust every person you meet or every company you do business with. I hated the company that started selling beer in eleven-ounce bottles years ago. One of the million things we take on trust is that a beer bottle contains twelve ounces. Its interesting to look around and at people and compare their faith or lack of faith in other people with their success or lack of success in life. The patsies, the suckers, the people who always assume everyone else is as honest as they are, make out better in the long run than the people who distrust everyone and theyre a lot happier even if they get taken once in a while. I was so proud of myself for stopping for that red light, and inasmuch as no one would ever have known what a good person I was on the road from Harrisburg to Lewisburg, I had to tell someone.NOTE 注释：1.plead vt 律 作为答辩提出，为（案件等）辩护2. Fifth Amendment 美国宪法修正案第五条（主要规定在刑事案中任何人不得被迫自证其罪）3. selfincrimination 自证其罪（指刑事案件中的作不利于自己或者有可能使自己受到刑事起诉的证言，美国宪法认定此种证言不合法）4. run the light 主美 闯过（红色交通信号灯）5. contract n合同, 契约, 婚约6. apt to do sth (习性) 易于的，有 倾向的7. inclination n（性格上的）倾向，意向8. deliberate adj 慎重的，深思熟虑的9. skeptical adj 怀疑的10. deviation n 背离11. violate vt 违反，违背信任昨天晚上我驾车从哈里斯堡驶往宾西法尼亚州的刘易斯堡，路程约为英里。天色已晚。我迟到了，如果有人问我行驶速度有多快，我得求助于美国宪法的第五条修正案，不要自证有罪。我好几次被堵在一辆开得缓慢的卡车后面，路面很窄，而且我左边是不可超越的白线，于是我捏紧双拳，有点按捺不住了。 在公路的某一处，我行驶到了有交通灯的一个十字路口这时路上只剩下我一个了，但当我快到路口时，交通灯变成了红灯，于是我刹了车。我左看右看，又向后面望了望毫无动静。没有车子，也没有车灯的影儿，但我就那么坐在那儿，等着红灯变绿，方圆一英里内就我一个人。 我开始想，为什么我不闯红灯呢？我不怕被抓着，因为很明显周围并没有警察，闯红灯肯定也不会有任何危险。 那天夜里，我在刘易斯堡会见了一些朋友，接近午夜时上床后，我又回想起了我为什么要停下来而不闯过去呢。我想，我停了下来，是因为它是我们相互间的一种公约。这不仅是法律，而且也是我们共有的一个协议；我们互相信任，都要遵守：我们不能闯红灯。像我们大多数人一样，我要善于克制自己，不做社会行为准则不许做的坏事，而不仅是因为有法律禁止它。 我们从来都是彼此信任会做正确的事，这难道不令人惊奇吗？我们也的确是这样的。信任是我们的第一本能。要让我们不信任某人，猜疑，不相信，那是非常不容易的，因为这种态度对我们很不自然。 这也是一件很好的事情，因为我们整个社会结构是靠互相信任而不是猜疑来维系的。如果我们大部分时间互不信任，那么整个社会秩序将崩溃。我们说到做到；我们说什么时候到场，就什么时候到场；我们说什么时候交货，就什么时候交货；我们说什么时候付款，就什么时候付款。在这些问题上，我们互相信任，要是我们违约的话，那是不正常的。虽然我们常发生不守信用的事，但我们仍认为这是不正常的；对有负我们对其信任的个人或组织，我们感到生气或失望。我为那天晚上没有闯红灯而感到骄傲。第二届“韩素音青年翻译奖”竞赛原文（英译汉） Han Suyins ChinaHan SuyinChina: her size roughly that of Canada or the United States. Her population one billion one hundred million, 22 per cent of the planets human beings. China: very young, 60 per cent of the Chinese under 25 years of age. Very old, millennia of accumulated and still potent history, pride of remembered greatness motivating her march towards the new technological era which is changing the world, and changing her. China: her history not unitary, but made up of many histories; as she is made up of many different peoples, altogether 56 nations. Yet she is a oneness, coherent, whole. THE GREAT WITHIN. There is a china of plains, easily traveled, a tourist delight. Here are the wealthiest, the most advanced metropolises: Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Nanjing, Guangzhou,fertile alluvial lowlands which seem vast, yet are less than 15 per cent of her total territory. And Chinas arable, cultivable acres make up only seven per cent of the worlds total acreage. On this she feeds almost a quarter of the worlds people. A prodigious achievement! This China of the plains stretches from Manchuria to Hong Kong; most of it lies eastwards, with easy access to the ocean. Here both urban and rural areas have greatly profited from the recent economic reforms. Most of the foreign investments, the special economic zones, the new industrial plants, are sited here. Here are the skills, the manpower, the markets, the communication network. Most of the universities are also here, and more than 80 per cent of the population. Prosperity is evident-over 60 per cent of new houses in the villages, over 20 per cent of families with television installed in the last ten years, large new apartment houses for urban dwellers, modern hotels But there is the other China, 85 per cent of the total surface of the land. This China is not easily visited, for communication is still a problem. It stretches in an immense bow from North to South, and in it live, besides the “typical” Chinese, who call themselves the Hans, fifty-odd other races or ethnic groups, called “national minorities”. These hark back to Chinas very beginning. With them the Hans both warred and traded; co-existed, intermarried or ostracized, for nearly 5,000 years. This other China has many mountain ranges, thousand kilometer long chains stretching from west to east dividing the land into enclosed plateaus and basins whose rivers never reach any sea. It has many deserts; more than a million square kilometers of desertsalmost 15 per cent of her total area of nine million six hundred thousand square kilometers. It has immense grasslands and steppes, oases and salt lakes, jungles and troughs lower than the Dead Sea in Palestine. This China we must know in order really to know china. It is this conglomerate of many nations, mosaic of peoples, languages and customs, which shaped Chinese culture as we know it today and it is in developing and modernizing this area that her future lies. North, Northwest, Southwest. for administrative purposes, this other China, nearly seven million out of the nearly ten million square kilometers of the land, is conveniently divided into regions, each one holding several provinces. I have walked, ridden, jeeped, explored this China several times in the course of the last three decades. I have learnt the local names of mountains, rivers, deserts; for everything here has two names, the Han Chinese name, and the name (or names) given by the national minorities which inhabit the area. Mountains: the majestic Altai, whence came thudding on thick-legged Mongol ponies so many nomad hordes. The Bogden or Heavens mountains, sitting in vast skirts of their own crumbled stone. From their slopes flow streams feeding the oases strung along the rim of inland deserts. The Kunlun and the Karakoram, the Pamir and the Himalayashere Mount Everest is known as Chomolungma. Deserts: the stone deserts of the Gobi and the Ordos, the Tanguli and the Kurban Tungu and the dreadful Taklamakan.Plateaus and basins: Dzungaria and Tarim and Tsaidam, and the Roof of the World, the