高考英语阅读新题型信息匹配的命题特点及应对策略.doc

英语阅读新题型信息匹配的命题特点及应对策略一、信息匹配题的命题目的及其依据信息匹配题是广东高考英语2007年开始使用的新题型,其命题的主要目的是：以考查考生通过快速阅读, 获取信息和处理信息的能力。这种题型, 既有助于对学生快速阅读能力的培养,也有助于对学生进行信息的加工、分析、比较能力的培养,对中学英语的教学在语言技能应用的方面会有较好的导向作用。显然, 它是以高中英语课程标准(实验)为依据,培养学生用英语获取信息和处理信息的能力;用英语分析问题和解决问题的能力。它能很好地体现考试大纲和高中英语课程标准(实验)的统一。二、信息匹配题的命题特点文章体裁属于应用文,向以往高考阅读理解题中的应用文有一定的联系。但匹配信息, 更倾向于应用。它将具体的人、事用于实际的情景或假设中,能更好地考查考生语言实际应用能力。信息匹配题的突出特点是: 1 、情景内容具体;2、人物角色明确;3、任务定位合理、针对性强。三、信息匹配题的解题技巧1.要立足于具体的应用文及其相关的匹配项(对象) ,寻找关键词句。如招聘广告中的 要求:年龄、学历、经历等。考生可快速阅读应用文,或求职者的基本情况及要求,对相关要素 进行分析,抓住关键信息点。2.要依据不同应用文,掌握其写作特点和写作的表现形式或格式,寻找相关信息点。 有的应用文语言精炼简洁,有的甚至以短句、省略句等形式出现,考生应具备这方面的知识 和能力,跳过一些与信息关联不大的生词,突破难点,匹配对应的内容。 3.要读懂、弄清匹配项与应用文之间的条件、范围等,有的条件有多个,范围有大有小, 要列出要点,对比与其它匹配项的异同,排除干扰项,从而选定条件要点都相一致的那一工页。 4.要用笔划出关键点,以便引起注意,有助于记忆、理顺思路。同时,对己选的匹配工页, 可用笔标明,以便减少混乱、减少错误,从而减轻大脑负担,提高解题速度。四、复习备考策略1.扎实语言知识基础。复习阶段,我们要按考试大纲要求,切实过好3500个词汇关,建 议分类分批过关,多种形式强化,并尽可能熟练运用。备考中要重视将词汇、语法融进句型复 习中,重视应用文的一些常用句型及其表达方式的复习。2.围绕话题内容,加大语篇训练力度。熟练掌握考纲要求的24种话题项目,如个人情 况、购物、饮食等以及部分功能意念项目。多渠道训练常用应用文,熟练基本写作特点,保证 有足够的阅读输入量。3.平时有针对性地增大这类题目的训练,学会分析、归纳信息,通过对材料的再现,提高 对信息的加工处理能力,以便在今后的学习或考试中能实现有效的正迁移,举一反三。 4.制定长短期复习计划,分层推进。备好应用文材料,分阶段分类型分专题复习好常见 应用文,如广告(招聘、产品销售、宣传、简历、图书资料、聘书、社交书信和产品说明书等。 围绕购物、饮食、旅行、天气、语言学习等话题分步展开复习。这样, 对阅读和写作能力的提高都会有帮助。0语言结构练习1下面是一篇文章，请将标有AF的句子或段落插入文章标号61-65的合适位置， 使这篇文章意义完整， 结构连贯；其中有一个句子或段落是多余的。American and British people use different greetings. In the USA the commonest greeting is “Hi”. In Britain it is “Hello!” or “How are you?”. “Hi!” is creeping (不知不觉地进入) into British, too. (61)_. When Americans say “Good-bye”, they nearly always add, “Have a good day.” or “Have a good trip.” etc. to friends and strangers alike. Britons are already beginning to use “Have a good day.”The British usually use “got” in the sense of “have”. The Americans hardly ever do.(62)_.BrE: Have you got a car, room, etc.? Yes, I have.(63)_. Many American words ending in “or”, e.g. honor, labor are spelt in British English with an “our,” e.g. honour, labour. Many verbs in American English with “ize” or “izing” forms, e.g. organize, realizing are spelt in BrE with “ise” or “ising”, e.g. organise, realising. (64)_. In American English, one writes “traveler,” while in British English, one writes“traveller”.(65)_. But the opposite has happened. The links(联系) between the two countries are so strong that linguistically(语言上地),and probably culturally(文化上地) too, they are closer together than ever.A. In American English, “practice” is used both for the verb and noun. In BrE, the verb is spelt “practise”, and the noun “practice.”B. When they are introduced to someone, the Americans say, “Glad to know you.” The British say, “How do you do?” or “Pleased to meet you.” C. It was once predicted that British and American English would become separate languages finally.D. Am.E: Do you have a car, room, etc.? Yes, I do.E. There are lots of differences in spelling between Am.E and Br.E.F. There are a number of differences between American and British English in the spelling of words, e.g. check (US)/cheque (UK).答案： 61-65 B D F A C 语言结构练习2The USA has a much bigger population than Australia, and 1. _（America）cities are 2. _ crowded than Australian ones. There are not as many mountains in Australia as 3. _ the USA. Both countries have deserts and beautiful 4. _ （beach）. But America has many more rivers than Australia. The northern and central parts of the USA 5. _（有）much more snow in winter than 6. _（副词） in Australia and generally these two areas have a colder 7. _ than Australia does. Australia is in the southern hemisphere and doesnt have its winter at the same time 8. _ countries in the northern hemisphere. Most people in these countries 9. _ the same language English, 10. _ their accents are very different. 答案与解析： 1.American。此处应该用形容词作定语。2. more。根据than可知,此处是形容词的比较级。3. in。这里是in Australia和in the USA两个介词短语的比较。4. beaches。由句意可知,此处应该用复数名词beaches。5. have。本句的主语是parts,故谓语动词应该用复数形式。6. anywhere,表示“无论何处、不管什么地方”之意。7. winter，根据句意可知。8. as。the same as是固定词组。9. speak。表示讲某种语言时,动词用speak。10. but。此处表示转折关系,而非因果关系。01 Something about Li Hua写作要求 根据所提供的材料，用五个规范的句子描述全部所给的信息内容。Key Words: 五个、 规范、 全部信息 1、必须用5个句子介绍全部所给内容。2、将5个句子组织成连贯的短文。1、姓名 李华2、学校 育才中学 3 、住址 广州育才路138号4、身高 180cm5、头发颜色 黑色6、全家人口 3人7、父母职业 教师8、爱好 集邮和收藏硬币9、掌握外语 英语学得不错；口语好范文 1:Something about Li Hua Li Hua, who is 180 cm tall with black hair, is a student from Yucai Middle School. His family, which is living at 138, Yucai Road, Guangzhou, China, has got three members. Both his parents are teachers. Li Hua has two hobbies, including collecting stamps and coins. Li Hua knows English very well and can speak perfect English.范文2： Li Hua, who is Yu Cai Middle School student, and studying English as foreign language.He is 180 cm tall and has black hair. He lives in YuCai Road NO.138 Guang Zhou China. Theres three people in his family and his parents are both teachers. He likes collecting stamps and coins best2 A Note From Li Ming标题: A Note From Li Ming内容提示: 你的外国朋友Henry想来学校看你，而你碰巧有课。你只好委托你的同学李浩去机场接他。你留了一张便条给Henry，告诉他到达后上哪儿找你。时间你所在的地方7:50 am 10:10 am2号教学楼，305房10:10 am10:30 am（课间操）学校操场10:30 am 以后1号教学楼，403房A Note From Li MingDear Henry, As I happen to have class this morning, I have to ask my classmate, Li Hao, to pick you up at the airport. If you arrive between 7:50 and 10:10, I will be at Room 305, Teaching Building 2. During the break from 10:10 to 10:30, we will be taking exercise on the school playground. If you arrive then, you may go there to meet me. If you come after 10:30, I will be at Room 403, Teaching Building 1. Yours, Li Ming0基础写作与任务型写作要求和策略该题的要求与往年不同的是由总词数（80100字）的控制变为句子数量（5句）的控制，不能多也不能少，同时必须按照规定写出全部内容。不但要求句子结构的复杂度和准确性，而且要求短文内容的完整性和连贯性。 任务型写作就是通过阅读所给材料的信息，结合平时积累的相关信息和知识，按照任务要求谋篇布局，对信息进行加工，完成指定的写作任务。这种新题型体现了考试改革围绕课程改革的思路，也体现了课标中关于“高中英语课程应强调在进一步发展学生综合语言运用能力的基础上，着重提高学生用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析问题和解决问题的能力，特别注重提高学生用英语进行思维和表达的能力”的课程目标。既考查考生的接受技能( receptive skills )，也考查考生的产出技能( productive skills ) 不管是哪一种写作都离不开词法、句法和篇章三方面的基本功。在训练中提高书面表达能力，要做好以下几方面：认真审题、抓住要点；突出重点、行文连贯；量力而为 免入误区；扩大词汇 造好句子。1认真审题 抓住要点 认真看清楚题目要求并通过题目的提示归纳出要表达的要点，把所有要点按常用顺序排列出来（如时间、空间、逻辑、认识等顺序），这既是审题的过程也是谋篇的过程。2突出重点 行文连贯 把上述要点用地道的英语句子连接成文，要注意衔接与连贯，思路要清晰，叙述要合乎逻辑 。时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序。 3量力而为 免入误区 考生应根据自己的水平，尽量用自己有把握的表达方式写出正确地道的英文句子。尽量灵魂运用介词短语、分词短语，甚至定语从句和状语从句等。 4扩大词汇 造好句子 在平时的学习训练中，应有