中考分话题阅读理解训练14 历史与地理.doc

14 历史与地理 话说中考 本话题在中考中所占比例不多，在历史方面要注意历史事件发生的时间、地点、原因以及有何影响等，而对地理知识的考查，一般多与旅游观光等内容相结合，这就要求我们了解各地的名胜古迹、遗址等。 解题思路：熟悉文章，找准问题关键所在，提高解题速度和质量。 走进中考(浙江宁波2010) On February 3rd，1949，New York Harbor(港) was an exciting placeMany people were there to greet a ship from FranceOn the ship were 49 French railroad boxcars(火车车厢) filled with gifts from the people of France to the people of AmericaThese boxcars were from the famous Merci Train (Merci，a French word meaning thank you) After world War (二战)，a lot of factories，roads and farms in France had been destroyedMany French people had no jobs or money and had little to wear and little to eatIn the winter of 1947，a train was sent across the United States，stopping in cities and towns along the wayAt every stop，people gave whatever they couldFactories gave clothing and medicineFarmers gave foodFamilies gave moneyEven school children gave away their pocket money(零用钱)All the things were then taken to France by ship By 1949，the French had begun to recover(恢复) from the warThe Merci Train was their way of saying thank you to AmericaFrench people had filled the boxcars with giftsMost of them were personal，like hand-made toys，childrens drawings，or postcardsBut the boxcars themselves were perhaps the most meaningful of the giftsOn each car，the French people had painted the pictures of all their 40 provinces，with an American eagle on the frontThe boxcars were taken to each state of America，where they were warmly greeted Now many of the states still keep their boxcarsGifts sent by the French people can still be seen in some museumsThe Merci Train came out of the war，but it now reminds the world that countries can also work together in peace(和平) 阅读短文，根据短文内容选择最佳答案。 ( ) 1Many people crowded at New York Harbor on February 3rd，1949 to _ Awelcome the Merci Train Bmeet their families Chave a big party Dstart a trip by ship ( ) 2In 1947，a train stopped in cities across America in order to _ Agive away clothing and food Bget more soldiers for the war Ccollect things to help French people Dshow exhibitions from the museums ( ) 3The underlined word them in Paragraph 3 refers to(指) _ Athe American people Bthe French people Cthe boxcars Dthe gifts ( ) 4The French people painted their 40 provinces and an American eagle on each boxcar because _ Athey thought France was stronger than America Bit could show the friendship between the two countries Cthe boxcars would be more beautiful Dthey were very good at painting pictures ( ) 5The passage is mainly about _ Athe story of the Merci Train BAmerican museums where the boxcars are kept Cgifts that American people liked DWorld War 解析 1A 根据第一段内容我们可知许多人来到 New York Harbor 的目的是为了欢迎来自法国的 Merci Train，故正确答案为 A。 2C 根据“At every stop，people gave whatever they could. All the things were then taken to France by ship”可以推测出正确答案为 C。 3D 根据第三段第三句和第四句的 personal，like hand-made toys.”可知 them 指代的是 gifts，故正确答案为 D。 4B 根据“.the French people had painted the pictures of all their 40 provinces，.where they were warmly greeted”可以推测出正确答案为 B。 5A 通过文章内容我们可知整篇文章都是围绕 Merci Train 来写的，故正确答案为 A。 话题专练一 World Animal Day is a day for anyone who loves animalsIt falls on October 4 every yearThe date is to remember an Italian man named StFrancisHe asked people to thank animals on October 4 World Animal Day was started in 1931 at a meeting of ecologists(生态学家) in FlorenceSince then it has been widely celebrated in countries throughout the world On this special day，people throughout the world hold special activities to encourage everybody to show their love to animalsThey do something special to let people know the importance of animals in the worldPeople also hold activities to encourage people to think about how we should treat animals根据短文内容，完成表格。 World Animal Day A day for anyone who 1 animals 2 every year To remember StFrancis World Animal Day Started 3 in Florence People do 4 In order to show the importance of animals People in the world Think about how 5 animals答案： 1loves 根据短文第一句的内容可知，本题填 loves。 2October 4 根据短文第一段的内容可以确定时间是 October 4。 3in 1931 根据短文第二段中的第一句话可知，开始于 1931 年。 4something special 根据“They do something special to let people know the importance of animals in the world”可确定答案是 something special。 5to treat 根据短文最后一句话可知，答案是 to treat。二 Cambridge(剑桥) is one of the top universities in the world，and its a city as wellTo the surprise of some visitors，there are no walls around the universityClassroom buildings，libraries and offices can be seen all over the cityMost of the members of the city are the students and teachers of thirty-one colleges(学院)It got its name Cambridge from the river called Cam and a bridge built over itBefore the university was founded 800 years ago，Cambridge was a developing townIt developed faster because of the opening of the railway and became a city in 1951Now it has a population of more than one millionMany young students hope for the chance to study at CambridgePerhaps youll be a member of Cambridge one day根据短文内容，完成下表。 The 1 of some visitors No walls around the university The origin(来源) of its name River Cam and a bridge 2 it The time when Cambridge was 3 800 years ago The 4 why Cambridge developed faster The opening of the railway The population of Cambridge now 5 than one million答案： 1surprise 根据“To the surprise of some visitors，there are no walls around the university”可知，该题填 surprise。 2over 根据短文中“It got its name Cambridge from the river called Cam and a bridge built over it”可以确定，该空填 over。 3founded 根据短文中“Before the university was founded 800 years ago”确定，答案是 founded。 4reason 根据短文中“It developed faster because of the opening of the railway and became a city in 1951”可确定该题填 reason。 5More 根据短文中“Now it has a population of more than one million”可以确定答案是 More。三 Sri Lankan got its name Sri Lanka in 1972Now Sri Lanka is making its own way in the world Here are 6 reasons to consider visiting Sri Lanka in 2009： 1The Art of Smiling If you have not seen enough smiles lately，go to Sri Lanka 2The Land of Fruit Sri Lanka is a bit larger than the state of West VirginiaBut its very beautifulDont miss the wood appleThis fruit is smashed down on a hard surface in order to be cracked opening 3Friendliness with Interest Usually，families seeing a foreigner walk by their home would invite them inside for a cup of teaThey want to hear what you think of the country and its people，and theyre very happy to have their picture taken 4Architecture(建筑设计) This is a land of temples Buddhist and Hindustani 5English Spoken Here Most people in this country can speak EnglishWhen a traveler is lost or curious(好奇的)，the locals would be glad to help at any time 6Surfs Up Awanatuna Beach is a good place for surfers from April to OctoberWaves are reported three to eight feet higherThe off-season would be better for surfing beginners 根据短文内容，判断下列句子的正(T)误(F)。 ( ) 1Sri Lanka is in the state of West Virginia ( ) 2The wood apple is a special fruit in Sri Lanka ( ) 3The people in Sri Lanka are very friendly to tourists ( ) 4All the people in Sri Lanka can speak very good English( ) 5Surfing beginners can surf at Awanatuna Beach in any season of the year答案： 1F 根据短文中第二个原因“Sri Lanka is a bit larger than the state of West Virginia”可确定，本命题是错误的，即 F。 2T 根据短文中第二个原因内容可以确定木苹果是一种水果，所以是 T。 3T 根据短文中第三点原因可以看出，斯里兰卡的人们对游客非常友好，所以答案是 T。 4F 根据短文中第五点原因中“Most people in this country can speak English”可以确定答案是 F。 5F 根据短文中第六点原因中的“Awanatuna Beach is a good place for surfers from April to October”可以确定答案是 F。四 With miles of beaches，sea and sunshine，Pattaya(芭堤雅) is one of the most popular places for visitors to ThailandIt provides many kinds of entertainment for both young people and the whole familyThere is always something to do，any time，any weather，any day or night Orchid(兰化) Farms are a worthwhile visit and if you are thinking of taking some of these beautiful plants home，visit a day or two before you leave to make sure that you will have live plants when you get backYou can also get great orchids in a sealed(密封) bottle that will last as long as your memory Pattaya Elephant Village is another place that you can not miss in PattayaIt is a good place to learn and understand how elephants have been linked into Thai life and history over the centuriesYou can also take an elephant trek thereShow time allows the elephants to display their skills，such as playing football You can also feed a tiger at the Sriracha Tiger Zoo(斯里拉差龙虎园)There you will learn more about tigersYou can take photos with themYou can also enjoy elephant and crocodile shows at the zoo 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 ( ) 1What is Pattaya famous for in Thailand? ABeaches BSea CSunshine DAll of the above ( ) 2Whenever you go to Pattaya，it can provide many kinds of entertainment for _ Aboth young people and the whole family Bboth old people and the whole family Cboth young people and kids Dboth parents and kids ( ) 3Where can you get beautiful orchids in Thailand? ABeaches BPattaya Elephant Village COrchid Farms DThe Sriracha Tiger Zoo ( ) 4Which animal do you see at the Sriracha Tiger Zoo? AFoxes BElephants CLions DMonkeys ( ) 5The passage mainly tells us _ APattaya is one of the most popular places for visitors to Thailand Byou must buy some beautiful orchids in Thailand CPattaya Elephant Village is the only place that you can not miss in PattayaDif you visit Thailand，you must visit the Sriracha Tiger Zoo答案： 1D 根据第一段的内容可知，芭堤雅以阳光、碧海与沙滩而著名。 2A 根据第一段的内容可知，无论什么时候去芭堤雅。它都能给年轻人和一个家庭提供游玩场所。 3C 根据第二段的内容可知，在兰花农场可以买到兰花。 4B 根据最后一段可知，在斯里拉差龙虎园可以看到老虎、大象和鳄鱼，所以选 B。 5A 通读全文可知，这篇文章主要是讲述芭堤雅是到泰国游玩的最佳场所之一。五 It is regarded as the most beautiful city in the worldIt lies in the natural bowl between the Table Mountain and the oceanIt was founded as a business spot in 1652Later，shipmen found it was not only a beautiful place to rest，but it also had plenty of food and water，so they called it the Tavern of the SeasCape Town is South Africas oldest city，which is also known by the local people as the Mother City Table Mountain is one of Cape Towns top places of interestThere are more than 1400 kinds of plants in the areaFrom the top of the mountain，you can see many clouds moving over the mountains，and your visit will turn into a magical storyWhy are there so many clouds? An ancient legend says that a local man called Van Hunks sits on Devils Peak(魔鬼峰)，having a smoking contest with the devilThe two keep blowing clouds of smoke but neither of them ever wins Another special place in Cape Town is Robben IslandThis island of exiles was the place where bad people were sent for almost four centuriesTour guides there are actual earlier bad menUnlike usual boring guides found in other places of interest，they tell visitors their stories in a very interesting way 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 ( ) 1_ is called Mother City ATable Mountain BCape Town CRobben Island DIsland of exiles ( ) 2The magical story mainly tells us _ ACape Towns top places of interest Bthere are more than 1400 kinds of plants in the area Cits a story about clouds in the area DVan Hunks has a smoking contest with the devil ( ) 3Robben Island was _ in those days Aa beautiful island BTavern of the Seas Can island of exiles Dthe place that shipmen loved ( ) 4The underlined word exiles in the passage means _ A出口 B被放逐者 C专家 D离开 ( ) 5The best title for this passage is _ ACape Town Is Regarded as the Most Beautiful City BWhy Was Cape Town Named Mother City CCape Town Has a Beautiful LegendDCape Town Was an Island of Exiles答案： 1B 根据短文第一段的内容可以确定答案是“开普敦”被称为“母亲城”。 2C 根据短文第二段的内容可知，这个传说主要是讲“云”的由来。 3C 根据最后一段内容可以确定，Robben Island 曾是被用来放逐坏人的地方。 4B 根据上下句子间的联系，可以看出这个词是“流犯，被放逐者”之意。 5A 通读全文可知，这篇短文主要是讲为什么开普敦被认为是世界上最美的城市。六 There are many kinds of beautiful stamps in the world，such as common stamps and stamps in memory of important peoplePeople buy stamps to post letters，for collection and so onBut do you know how the first stamp came to the world? Before the stamps were born，the person getting the letter had to pay for the postage(邮资)But the costs of postage at that time were very high，so many people could not pay for it and they didnt want the letters Some people found a good wayThey wrote words on the outside of the letters so that the person getting the letter could read them on the outside of the letterIn this way，the person didnt need to pay In 1837，Sir Rowland Hill in England thought the senders should pay for the postage and they could pay for it by putting a small piece of colored paper on the outside of the letter the stamp! So the first stamp in the world was born on May 6，1840 in EnglandThere was Queen Victorias picture on itPeople called it Penny Jack 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 ( ) 1When was the first stamp in the world born? AIn 1837 BIn 1838 CIn 1839 DIn 1840 ( ) 2How did the person get the letter before the stamps were born? AThey had to pay for the postage BThey could write words on the outside of the letters CThey didnt write some letters DThey all called each other ( ) 3What did they use as the first stamp on the outside of the letter? AMoney BColor paints CA small piece of colored paper DA piece of white paper ( ) 4What showed on the first stamp in the world? AQueen victoria BJack CPenny DQueen Victorias picture ( ) 5The passage mainly tells us _ Awhy people used stamps Bhow much the first stamp cost Cwhere the first stamp came fromDhow the first stamp was born答案： 1D 根据短文最后一段的内容可知，第一枚邮票出现在 1840 年。 2A 根据短文中第二段的内容可知，在邮票出现之前，收信时必须付邮资。 3C 根据短文中第四段的内容可以确定，在信封上贴上一张彩色的小纸片。 4D 根据最后一段的内容可以确定第一张邮票上有女王维多利亚的图像。 5D 通读全文可以确定本文主要是讲第一枚邮票的由来。七 We all know Bangkok(曼谷) is the capital of ThailandBut do you know about Bangkoks Chinatown? Chinatown is a colorful，attractive and busy area，which is lined with market stands(货摊)Its said that its probably the greatest gathering of gold shops in the cityThe easiest way to reach Chinatown is by boatThe main road，Yaowarat Road，follows the shape of a dragons body，making it a perfect place for businessBusiness goes very well hereChinatowns original(最初的) main street is a small narrow way which runs from Phahurat Market all the way down to Songsawat RoadThe way is too small for cars，and is now a crowded market selling mostly cheap household thingsChinatown is really one of the greatest places to buy goldHowever，just off the road in either direction is a whole other world whereit is said，you can find almost everythingThe famous market here is Phahurat MarketIts home to a huge number of wedding(婚礼) stands The Chinese community moved here from Old City in the 1700sIt still keeps its own traditions，and the area is unlike the rest of BangkokPeople generally consider themselves as Thai peopleMost of them can no longer speak ChineseIf you have a chance to travel around Thailand，dont forget to go there to have a look 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 ( ) 1The passage mainly talks about _ in Thailand Athe roads Bthe markets CBangkoks Chinatown Dthe gold shops ( ) 2The easiest way to reach Chinatown is _ Aon foot Bby taxi Cby bus Dby boat ( ) 3Whats the meaning of the underlined word runs in Paragraph 1? ATo take part in a race BTo move or go quickly CTo move something in a certain direction DTo lead from a place to another ( ) 4_ is famous for a huge number of wedding stands ASongsawat Road BChinatowns original street CPhahurat Market DYaowarat Road ( ) 5What do we know from the passage? AChinatown is the same as the rest of Bangkok BIn Chinatown you can only buy things which are made of gold CPeople in the Chinese community in Bangkok can speak Chinese wellDChinatowns original main street has become a crowded market答案： 1C 通读全文可知，这篇文章主要是讲曼谷唐人街的现状。 2D 根据短文中“The easiest way to reach Chinatown is by boat”确定答案是乘船。 3D 根据短文内容可知，该词在这里主要是“蔓延、延伸”之意。 4C 根据短文中“The famous market here is Phahurat MarketIts home to a huge number of wedding(婚礼) stands”可确定答案。 5D 通读全文可知，这篇短文主要是讲唐人街是一个繁华的市场。八 The Tower of London is one of Londons most popular sites(遗址)It contains more than one towerThe oldest one is the White Tower which dates back to the 11th centuryThe Tower was once a prison and its rich history makes it a much visited tourist spot today Many stories connected with British history come from the TowerIn 1483 King Edward s two sons were killed in the so-called Bloody TowerOver two centuries later the bones of the two little boys were found buried(被埋葬) in the White Tower Many prisoners，including the f