中考英语任务型阅读理解解题技巧培优.doc

中考英语任务型阅读理解解题技巧二、 “任务型阅读”题型分析任务型阅读主要考查学生收集信息、整理信息的能力，是对语言应用能力的考查，是培养学生阅读兴趣的一种很好的题型。它考查的题型多样，可以是翻译句子，也可以是改写句子，可以是填写表格，也可以是回答问题。根据对任务设计的要求不同可将其分为三类：1阅读选择配对根据阅读材料中所提供的语言信息找出与题意要求相匹配的选项。这种选择题和四选一的题目不同,可以是选择句子或图片。做题时可以从易到难,抓住关键词,从文章中找出符合要求的对应关系。2.阅读填写词语根据短文或表格所提供的语言信息，以填写词语的方式完成文后各题，其形式主要有回答问题、完成句子、补全信息、填写表格、制定各种规则等。这种题目中所填的词或词组往往具有很高的概括性和准确性，因此,考生必须认真阅读材料,尽可能地从短文中找到所要填写的词语。3阅读改写句子 这种题目要求考生在阅读材料的基础上,根据命题要求,改写文中划线的句子,或将文中的某一个句子译成英语等。这一形式涉及到写，就应当特别注意书写规范、拼写无误、语法正确等。任务型阅读的常见类型及解题技巧完成这一题型应非常细致，应认真地到原材料中收集有用的信息，并且经过整理输出信息。根据已有各地试题可把大体分成三类题型：问答问题型、应用文型和综合型（把两种类型综合在一起）。回答问题型 也就是给出一篇短文，题后设计几个问题（一般五个题）。这种题型既考查学生的阅读理解的能力，又考查学生的在文章中提取信息的能力。要求学生根据问题在文章中找出能回答问题的关键句子，或者需要自己组织语言回答问题；有的题目设计出一两个翻译题等。细读问题要求，完成任务。在明白题意和文意的基础上，仔细阅读后面的题目要求，根据实际情况去完成所要求的任务。总之，这类题型要求学生要有很好的阅读理解和归纳总结的能力。应用文型的任务阅读 它往往与生活实际挂钩，涉及天气预报、电视节目、预定购各类物品，海报广告、确定路线方位、留言口信电话记录等生活实例和有关日常生活话题的简短文字材料等。内容比较简单，有时图文并茂，符合不同学生层次的心理爱好。体现了运用语言完成实际任务的目的。题目设计一般为表格形式较多，学生可先看题目要求，大致明白所要完成的任务，直接从材料中找到相关信息，从而完成所给的任务。综合类型的任务阅读 一般是在问题设计上兼顾了前两种类型,既有根据短文设计的问答题和相应的翻译题、连词成句等，又有根据内容完成表格或图表信息，完成这一题型应非常细致，应认真地到原材料中收集有用的信息，并且经过整理输出信息。在明白题意和文意的基础上，仔细阅读后面的题目要求，根据实际情况去完成所要求的任务。 另外，任务型阅读题型涉及到写，应特别注意大小写及书写规范问题，做到每个细节都能万无一失，保证做题的准确性和得分率。任务型阅读试题分析山东淄博中考题阅读短文，根据任务要求完成下面各小题Playing is serous business for children. In fact, its what they do best! Ask them why they do it, and kids will probably say, “Because its fun!” But its much more than that. Its also good for them.83 Studies show that from birth babies begin learning through play. They use their five senses to get know their new world. Touching allows them to discover how different things feel. Brightly colored toys and clothing help develop a babys sense of sight(视觉). When small children choose which toy to play with, they begin developing their abilities in making decisions. Children love toys that allow them to use their imagination. Sometimes an empty box is more fun than a high-tech toy. Thats because a box can become anything a child imagines it to be. Crayons, paints and Play-Doh(彩色塑泥) are also good because they allow children to crate. Traditional building blocks teach important pre-math skills like problem-solving.84 Playing doesnt become any less important once children start school. Many valuable(有价值的) lessons about life are learned on the school playground. Kids learn how to share, take turns and play by the rules.（一）根据短文内容简要回答问题。81. What can children do best in their childhood?82. What kind of toys do children love?（二）将短文中划线的句子译成汉语。83.84.（三）请给短文拟一个适当的题目。85. 陕西中考 读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成表格中所缺的信息。 Lifelong Learning In the past, when students graduated from college and got jobs, only some of them went on with their study. But today, lifelong learning is becoming more and more common （常见的）. Lucy, who is forty, teaches physics at a college in Boston. Next term, I ll teach some of my classes by using the Internet. This is the way of teaching that Ive never used before, says Lucy. These days, I am taking a class to learn how to teach in this way. If not, I will lose my job. At the same time, Lucy s seventy - year - old parents, who live in New York, are taking an art history class online. We love this subject, says her father, and we learn it to enjoy ourselves. You see we can study with people all over the world. What fun it is to learn like this!LucyParentsAgeForty1.Subject2.Art historyPlace3.New YorkHow to teach or learnOn the Internet/Online4.For what they go on learningNot to lose her job5.第81题问的是“儿童在孩时做的最好是什么”从文中开头的句子中我们可以直接能够找到“Playing is serous business for children. In fact, its what they do best!”只要学生仔细阅读就不难发现答案。第82题问“孩子喜欢什么样玩具”，这个问题的答案不是唯一的，但我们可以从文章的第4、5小节也不难找到合适的答案“Toys to develop their imagination，/ teach important pre-math skills like problem-solving.。第83题“研究表明幼儿从出生起就开始在玩的过程中学习。” “study”这儿为“研究”之意，“show”为“呈现；表明”之意。第84题也是个比较容易的句子。第85题要综合整个文章