职称英语等级考试(理工类)完型填空.pdf

阅读下面的短文 短文中有十五个空白 在文章的后面 每一个空白都列了四个备选答案 请根据文章的内容选择合适的词或短语填在空白处 第一篇Captain CookArrow Legend It was a great legend while it lasted but DNA testing has 1 ended a two century old story of the Hawaiian arrow carved from the bone of British explorer Captain James Cook 2 died in the Sandwich Islands in 1779 There is 3 Cook in the Australian Museum museum collection manager Jude Philip said not long ago in announcing the DNA evidence that the arrow was not made of Cook S bone But that will not stop the museum from continuing to display the arrow in its 4 Uncovered Treasures of the Australian Museum which 5 include a feather cape presented to Cook by Hawaiian King Kalani opu u in 1778 Cook was one of Britain s great explorers and is credited with 6 the Great South Land 7 Australia in 1 770 He was clubbed to death in the Sandwich Islands now HawaiiThe 1egend of Cook s arrow began in 1 824 8 Hawaiian King Kamehameha on his deathbed gave the arrow to William Adams a London surgeon and relative of Cook s wife saying it was made of Cook s bone after the fatal 9 with islanders In the 1890s the arrow was given to the Australian Museum and the legend continued 10 it came face to face with science DNA testing by laboratories in Australia and New Zealand revealed the arrow was not made of Cook s bone but was more 11 made of animal bone said Philp However Cook s fans 1 2 to give up hope that one Cook legend will prove true and that part of his remains will still be uncovered as they say there is evidence not a11 of Cook s body was 1 3 at sea in 1 779 On this occasion technology has won said Cliff Thornton president of the Captain Cook Society in a 14 from Britain But I am 15 that one of these days one of the Cook legends will prove to be true and it will happen one day 词汇 DNAn 脱氧核糖核酸 Hawaiian adj 夏威夷的 Uncovered adj 被发掘的 cape n 斗篷 creditv 把 归功于 clubv 用棍棒打 1 A finally B firstly C lately D usually 2 A whose B who C which D what 3 A some B none C neither D no 4 A cinema B exhibition C shop D market 5 A must B did C has to D does 6 A discovering B visiting C traveling D using 7 A then B now C past D previously 8 A how B where C when D that 9 A conversation B fight C meal D dance 10 A however B until C after D whenever 11 A helpfully B usefully C likely D readily 12 A refuse B return C regain D reply 13 A collected B washed C stored D buried 14 A statement B suggestion C proposal D guess 15 A safe B weak C sure D lucky 在线作业参考答案 Captain CookArrow Legend 1 A 分析 借助搭配 地已经结束了 直接判断 A 最终地 2 B 分析 考察定语从句 从句需要主语 且该主语指代 Captain James Cook 所以 B 合适 3 D 分析 考察否定副词 借助搭配特点 空格后直接出现了名词 所以 D 是答案 no 否 定名词 4 B 分析 借助句子中的相关词语 museum 博物馆 display 陈列 直接猜测答案为 B 展览 会 5 D 分析 借助上文时态 一般将来时 及与空格处的搭配结构 考古发现 澳大利亚 博物馆的宝藏 包括 直接判断 D 为答案该题考点 上下文时态和定语从句 6 A 分析 借助句子中出现的词语 explorers 探险家 Great South Land 判断 A 发现 是答案 7 B 分析 该题考察插入语结构 插入语结构往往是对前面的名词 代词进行描述 或补充 说明 该结构往往以定语 定语从句 状语 状语从句 或同位语的语法结构形式出现 8 C 分析 空格前出现典型时间词 1824 空格后是句子 所以直接判断 when 可能是答案 考察 定语从句结构 9 B 分析 该题考察上下文内容的呼应 前面出现 被棍棒打死 所以这里选择 B 打仗 最合适 10 B 分析 借助空格所在结构的特点和搭配结构含义 持续到 直接判断答案 B 直到 11 C 分析 分析 根据空格相关结构含义 不是由 cook 的骨头制成 而是更 是由动物的骨 头制成 判断 C 是答案 12 A 分析 直接借助搭配结构特点 v to 引导的不定式结构 判断 A 是答案 13 D 分析 借助上文句意和该句句意 不是所有的 cook 的尸体都在 1779 年被 海里 判断 D 埋葬 是答案 14 A 分析 借助被选项的关系 suggestion 和 proposal 是近义词 且用法接近 所以相互排 除掉 比较 A 和 D 判断 A 来自伦敦的 声明 正确 15 C 分析 借助语感 I am sure 直接猜测答案 第二篇 Avalanche and Its Safety An avalanche is a sudden and rapid flow of snow often mixed with air and water down a mountainside Avalanches are 1the biggest dangers in the mountains for both life and property All avalanches are caused by an over burden of material typically snowpack that is too massive and unstable for the slope2supports it Determining the critical load the amount of over burden which is 3 to cause an avalanche 4 a complex task involving the evaluation of a number of factors Terrain slopes flatter than 25 degrees or steeper than 60 degrees typically have a low 5 of avalanche Snow does not6 significantly on steep slopes also snow does not7 easily on fiat slopes Human triggered avalanches have the greatest incidence when the snow s angle of rest 1is 8 35 and 45 degrees the critical angle the angle at which the human incidence of avalanches is greatest is 38 degrees The rule of thumb2 is Aslope that is9 enough to hold snow but steep enough to ski has the potential to generate an avalanche regardless of the angle Additionally3 avalanche risk increases with 10 that is the more a slope is disturbed by skiers the more likely it is that an avalanche will occur Due to the complexity of the subject winter travelling in the backcountry4 is never 100 safe Good avalanche safety is a continuous 11 including route selection and examination to the snowpack weather 12 and human factors Several well known good habits can also 13 the risk If local authorities issue avalanche risk reports they should be considered and all warnings should be paid 14 to Never follow in the tracks of others without your own evaluations snow conditions are almost certain to have changed since they were made Observe the terrain and note obvious avalanche paths where plants are 15 or damaged Avoid traveling below others who might trigger an avalanche 词汇 avalanche n 雪崩 triggerv 引起 激发 snowpack n 积雪场 incidence n 发生 率 terrain n 地形 地势 skiv 滑雪 steep adj 险峻的 陡峭的 complexity n 复杂性 注释 1 angle of rest 这里指积雪保持静止的角度 2 rule of thumb 指 a broadly accurate principle based on experience or practice rather that theory 即 通用法则 经验法则 3 Additionally 是一个副词 用来引人新的事实或论点 意为 此外 4 backcountry 人烟稀少的地区 练习 1 Aamong B of C to D in 2 Awhen B that C who D whose 3 Amostly B likely C clearly D surely 4 Aare B will be C is D was 5 Aweight B form C risk D work 6 Afall B flow C roll D gather 7 Afall B flow C roll D gather 8 Aamong B between C with D for 9 Athick B thin C flat D rocky 10 Ause B time C snow D rain 11 Ajourney B trip C fact D process 12 Aconditions B reports C forecast D event 13 Aincrease B reduce C improve D remove 14 Aprice B effort C attention D money 15 Amissing B grown C big D fresh 答案与题解 1 A 表达 雪崩是山上可能发生的最大危险之一 的意思 因此应该选择 among 在 之 中 2 B 从该句的语法结构上来看 此处需要一个关系代词 代替 slope 所以 that 是最佳选择 选项 A C D 均不符合语法 3 B 选项 A 不符合语法 c 和 D 符合语法 但不符合常识 过度的雪的积压可能导致雪崩 而不是必定导致雪崩 所以 B 是最佳答案 4 C 该句的主语是 Determining the critical load 从上下文来看应该使用一般现在时 所以 C 是正确答案 5 C 要确定本题答案的一个有效的方法是排除法 a 10w weight form work of avalanche 都不合逻辑 只有 a low risk of avalanche 符合上下文的意思 下面的句子解释了 low risk of avalanche 的道理 更证实了选 risk 是正确的 6 D 第 6 和第 7 题可以一起考虑 整个句子的意思是 在坡度大的坡上 雪不会大量堆积 在较为平坦的坡面 雪不会轻易滑动 7 B 见 6 8 B 理解了句子的意思就不难判断选项 雪在静止状态下 角度在 35 45 度之间 最可能 发生人为触发的雪崩 between 在 之间 9 C 这个句子说明的是什么样的山坡最易发生雪崩 即 A slope that is flat enough to hold snow but steep enough to ski flat 在此做 平坦 解 与后面的 steep 形成反义 10 A 句中的 that is 表明 后半部分是对前半部分的进一步说明 所以 这里的选择要根据 下文的意思判断 use 是最佳选择 整个句子的意思是 山坡被滑雪者使用的越多 雪崩就 越可能发生 11 D 尽管选项 A B 和 D 都能和 continuous 搭配 从全段的内容判断 只有 process 是最 佳选择 因为该段描写的是如何防备雪崩 及如何做好安全措施等一系列问题 12 A 选项 A B c 都可以与 weather 搭配 但是根据上下文 只有 A 最为符合文章的内 容 13 B 选项 A 不符合句子的意思 c 不能和 risk 搭配 D 也不符合句子的意思 因为不可能 完全消除雪崩的隐患 14 C 该句主句使用的是被动语态 第二个动词是 pay attention t0 的被动形式 l 选项 A B D 均不符合句子的意思 15 A 该句是作者给出的一系列忠告之一 即 认真观察地形 注意明显的雪崩路径 没有 植物或植物被毁坏的地方 选项 8 C D 均不符合句义 第 3 篇 Seeing Red Means Danger Ahead The color red often means danger and by paying attention 1 can be prevented At railroad crossings flashing red fights warn cars to stay back A red light at a traffic intersection tells cars to stop so 2 don t run into other cars In the future the color red also may help prevent danger 3 construction sites Thanks to1 new work by engineers bridge supports2 or other kinds of materials could one day contain a color changing material It will turn red 4 a structure collapses or falls 5 A tiny molecule may make a big difference in future warning systems A polymer 6 a color changing molecule called a mechanophore turns red seconds before it snaps3 The technology may one day allow damage to materials or structures4 to be easily 7 The secret behind the color changing material is a particular type of molecule A molecule is a group of atoms held together by 8 bonds Molecules come in all shapes and sizes and make up 9 you can see touch or feel How a molecule behaves depends on what kinds of atoms it contains and how they re held together When a polymer containing a color changing molecule called a mechanophore is about to breaks it produces a color When a polymer with mechanophore molecules becomes injured or 10 one of the mechanophore bonds breaks and the material turns red It s a really simple detection method says Nancy Sottos one of the scientists who worked on the project We re 11 up this one bond and it changes color Sottos and her team tested the color changing polymers in their lab The test 12 proved encouraging There is a way to get rid of the red color 13 When a bright light is shone on the mechanophore the broken bond is fixedrn and the red color disappears This self healing may be a problem for engineers They need to use the color changer in big construction projects that will be 14 in sunlight And sunlight will make the mechanophore s warning system useless Sottos and her fellow scientists still have 15 work to do before the color changing molecules can be used outside the lab 词汇 crossing n 十字路口 mechanophore n 机械响应性聚合物 intersection n 交叉路口 molecule n 分子 snapv 折断 断裂 polymer n 聚合物 atom n 原子 注释 1 Thanks to 多亏 由于 2 bridge supports 桥梁支柱 3 seconds before it snaps 聚合物断裂前几秒钟 Seconds 修饰状语从句 before it snaps It 指 代 polymer 4 damage to materials or structures 材料或建筑物的损坏 to 是介词 介词短语 to materials or structures 修饰 damage 5 is about to break 即将断裂 be about to V 意为 刚刚 行将 6 get rid of 除去 7 the broken bond is fixed 断裂的键被修复 Fix 意为 修理 修复 练习 1A measures B accidents C actions D collapses 2A they B it C some D most 3A with B over C at D in 4A before B after C once D while 5A together B behind C down D apart 6A contacting B conducting C containing D considering 7A controlled B spotted C repaired D changed 8A technical B electronic C physical D chemical 9A everything B something C nothing D anything 10A weak B strong C tough D soft 11Ausing B opening C turning D finishing 12A laws B theories C tools D results 13A air B electricity C light D sound 14A aside B beside C inside D outside 15A a part of B a pair of C a piece of D a lot of 答案与题解 1 B 从第一句的 The color often means danger 和 can be prevented 所表达 的意思判 断 accidents 是答案 因为存在 danger 就有可能出现 accidents 因为有了红 色预警信号 accidents 就有可能 prevented 2 A 本题的测试点是代词 代词所要指代的词是 cars 它是复数 所以代词 they 是唯一 选 择 3 C construction sites 前面的介词要用 at with over 和 in 都不合适 4 A 这两段说 把一种能变色的化学物质加在建筑材料中 当建筑物断裂之前 变色材料 会 显示红色 所以 after 与上下文逻辑相悖 用了 once 句意变成 一旦建筑物断裂 变 色 材料会显示红色 这不合逻辑 断裂后才变色就是去了预警作用 While 也说不通 因 为 It will turn red while a structure collapses 的意思是 在建筑物倒塌期间 变 色材料会显 示红 断裂后才显示红色已经没有意义了 所以 只有 before 才是答案 5 D 要选 apart fall apart 意为 破碎 破裂 Collapses or falls apart 中的 or 意为 即 所以 fall apart 与 collapse 同义 6 C 从上下文所表达的意思判断 本次要选的词是 containing 即 含有 变色材料的 聚 合 物 其余三个选项 即 contacting 接触 conducting 进行 considering 考 虑 都与句意 搭不上 7 B 建筑物断裂之前 变色材料会显示红色 这种新技术的预警性很明显 人们见到建筑 物 出现红色就知道有险情 所以 spotted 发现 认出 是答案 8 D 本段对变色材料为什么会变色的原理做出解释 句中出现 atoms molecule 等 所以 变 色是一种化学反应 不会是一种物理 电子或技术反应 9 A 本句的意思是 分子的大小和形状构成世界万物 所以应选 everything 每样东西 即 万物 10 A 本句的意思是 含有 mechanophore 分子的聚合物 受伤 时 mechanophore 中的一 个键就会断开 于是它便呈现红色 句中的 or 意为 即 也就是说 紧接在 or 后面的 词 应该是 injured 的同义词 所以要选 weak 转自 职称英语考试网 11 B Sottos 和她的研究组进行了实验 断开 mechanophore 的一个键 让其呈现红色 Opening up 是 打开 断开 的意思 与上下文意思相符 所以选 opening 是答案 Using up 用完 turning up 出现 或 finishing up 做完 与 bond 连用 意思都不对 12 D 上文说到 Sottos 和她的研究组进行了实验 所以 test 后面的词应该是 results 最 后一个词是 encouraging 也提示了 results 是答案 13 C 本段第二句说 当明亮的光线射到被断开的化学键上 化学键就会被修复 于是红色 预警信号就消失了 第二句的 light 提示了第一句缺失的关键词就是 light 14 D 大型建筑物一半均是露天的 句末的 sunlight 提示了要选 sunlight 15 D 红色预警信号在阳光下是不会出现的 所以 如何能使红色预警信号在室外也能显 现 这是科学家今后研究的课题 而且研究的难度和工作量还很大 四个选项中 只有 a lot of 与上下文的意思对得上号 A part of 一部分 和 a pair of 一双 明显不合适 A piece of 一件 也不合逻辑 第四篇Animal s Sixth Sense A tsunami was triggered by an earthquake in the Indian Ocean in December 2004 It killed tens of thousands of people in Asia and East Africa Wild animals 1 seem to have escaped that terrible tsunami This phenomenon adds weight to notions that I they possess a sixth sense for 2 experts said Sri Lankan wildlife officials have said the giant waves that killed over 24 000 people along the Indian Ocean island s coast clearly 3 wild beasts with no dead animals found No elephants are dead not 4 a dead rabbit I think animals can 5 disaster They have a sixth sense They know when things are happening H D Ratnayake deputy director of Sri Lanka s Wildlife Department said about one month after the tsunami attack The 6 washed floodwaters up to 2 miles inland at Yala National Park in the ravaged southeast Sri Lanka s biggest wildlife 7 and home to hundreds of wild elephants and several leopards There has been a lot of 8 evidence about dogs barking or birds migrating before volcanic eruptions or earthquakes But it has not been proven said Matthew van Lierop an animal behavior 9 at Johannesburg Zoo There have been no 10 studies because you can t really test it in a lab or field setting2 he told Reuters Other authorities concurred with this 11 Wildlife seem to be able to pick up certain 12 especially birds there are many reports of birds detecting impending disasters said Clive Walker who has written several books onAfrican wildlife Animals 13 rely on the known senses such as smell or hearing to avoid danger such as predators The notion of an animal sixth sense or 14 other mythical power is an enduring one3 which the evidence on Sri Lanka s ravaged coast is likely to add to The Romans saw owls 15 omens of impending disaster and many ancient cultures viewed elephants as sacred animals endowed with special powers or attributes 1 A therefore B however C although D whatever 2 A shelters B foods C disasters D water 3 A missed B protected C raised D caught 4 A such B too C so D even 5 A feel B see C hear D sense 6 A waves B tides C winds D rivers 7 A birthplaces B playground C reserve D storage 8 A experimental B apparent C scientific D chemical 9 A specialist B assistant C supporter D sponsor 10 A additional B specific C especial D exceptional 11 A modification B detection C assessment D value 12A route B behavior C principle D phenomenon 13 A unwillingly B occasionally C doubtfully D certainly 14 A some B much C many D few 15 B on B as C for D in 答案 BCADD ACBAB CDDAB 第五篇 Singing Alarms Could Save the Blind If you cannot see you may not be able to find your way out of a burning building and that could be fatal A company in Leeds could change all that 1 directional sound alarms capable if guiding you to the exit Sound Alert a company 2 the University of Leeds is installing the alarms in a residential home for 3 people in Sommerset and a resource centre for the blind in Cumbria 4 produce a wide range of frequencies that enable the brain to determine where the 5 is coming from Deborah Withington of Sound Alert says that the alarms use most of the frequencies that can be 6 by humans It s a burst of white noise 7 people say sounds like static on the radio she says Its life saving potential is great She conducted an experiment in which people were filmed by thermal imaging cameras trying to find their way out of a large 8 room It 9 them nearly four minutes to find the door 10 a sound alarm but only 15 seconds with one Withington studies how the brain 11 sounds at the university She says that the 12 of a wide band of frequencies can be pinpointed more easily than the source of a narrow band Alarms 13 the same concept have already been installed on emergency vehicles The alarms will also include rising or falling frequencies to indicate whether people should go up 14 down stairs They were 15 with the aid of a large grant from British Nuclear Fuels 1 A without B with C having D selling 2 A run by B changed by C decorated by D criticized by 3 A slow B deaf C blind D lame 4 A Alarms B Alarm C The alarm D The alarms 5 A noise B sound C music D bell 6 A watched B produced C learnt D heard 7 A where B what C that D how 8 A smoked B smoke filled C filled with smoke D smoke filling 9 A has taken B takes C took D will take 10 A on B near C without D from 11 Aprocesses B produces C possesses D proceeds 12 A feature B quality C diagram D source 13 A basis on B base on C basing on D based on 14 A or B and C but D otherwise 15 A developed B determined C discovered D delivered 警报器救盲人 如果看不见 那你可能会因找不到路而逃不出一幢失火楼房 那将是致命的 英国利兹市的 一家公司发明的一种可指方向的警报器可能会把你引向出口 声音警报是一家由利兹大学设立的公司 该公司现在正在为位于萨莫塞特的一家盲人收容所 和位于卡姆布雷亚的一家盲人资源中心安装此种装置 这种警报器发出的频率范围广 使人 脑可以判断出声音的来源 该公司的戴博拉 威星顿称此种警报器使用人类可以听到的大部分音频 她说 它们是一 种突出的频谱连续而均匀的噪音 人们感觉它们听上去就像是收音机发出的静电噪声 其在 救人方面潜力巨大 她进行了一次试验 她让人们在一所充满浓烟的大屋子里设法找到出路 同时她用热效应成 像摄像机进行拍摄 在没有警报器时 这些人用了近 4 分钟才找到门 而在警报器的指引下 只用了 15 秒 她在大学里对人脑如何处理声音进行研究 并提出与波段窄的频率相比 人们更容易发现波 段宽的音响源 基于此理论的警报器已被应用于急救车上 这种警报器也容纳了音频的升降 以指示人们上 下楼 这种设备是得到英国核燃料组织的 大笔资助才开发成功的 理工类 C 解析标题 Singing 唱歌的 Alarms 警报器 Could 能够 Save 挽救 the Blind 定冠词 形容词 表示一 类人 盲人 文章精读 1 If you cannot see 看见 you may not be able to find 找到 your way out of 出来 a burning 正在着火的 building 大楼 and that could be 可能是 fatal 致命的 2 Acompany in Leeds 英国利兹市 could change 改变 all 所有的 that 代词 指前一句所表 达的内容 1 directional 定向的 sound alarms 声音警报器 capable of 有能力的 guiding 引导 you to the exit 出口 A without B with C having D selling 分析 通过阅读我们可以看出 空格后是一种装置 用它来改变当火灾发生时找不到出口的 危险境况 所以要表达 用 装置 意思的只能用介词 with 带着 带有 本句的意思 是 利兹市一家公司发明的一种可指方向的声音警报器能引导你到出口 3 Sound Alert 声音警报器 a company 逗号前面是公司名字 2 the University of Leeds 利兹大学 is installing 安装 the alarms in a residential home 收容所 for 3 people in Sommerset and a resource centre 资源中心 for the blind 盲人 in Cumbria A run 经营 by B changed 改变 by C decorated 装修 by D criticized 批评 by 分析 我们知道 Sound Alert 是一家公司的名字 从语意上判断应该是由某人经营 因此选 择答案 A 较为合适 3 A slow 慢的 B deaf 聋的 C blind 瞎的 D lame 瘸的 分析 这篇文章的核心内容就是有关盲人警报器的 而且后半句也提到 a resource centre 资 源中心 for the blind 盲人 所以顺理成章地得出结论应是 C 4 4 produce 产生 a wide range 广的范围 of frequencies 频率 that 引导定语从 句 enable 使 能够 the brain to determine 决定 where the 5 is coming from 4 A Alarms B Alarm C The alarm D The alarms 分析 我们知道该空的名词应出现在前文 上一句就提到 Sound A