初中句子结构语法.doc

英语语法（English Grammar）Chapter Sentence Structure (句子结构). Parts of a Sentence (句子成分)主语： subject (S)谓语： predicate宾语： object (O)直接宾语： direct object (Od)间接宾语： indirect object (Oi)同位语： appositive表语： predictive定语： attribute状语： adverbual补足语： complement主语补足语： subject complement(Sco)宾语补足语: object complement (Oco)Link verb 系动词. Basic Sentence Patterns (基本句型)There are five basic patterns around which most English sentences are built. They are as follows: 5 Basic Sentence Patterns o Subject + Verb I swim. Joe swims. They swam. o Subject + Verb + Object I drive a car. Joe plays the guitar. They ate dinner. o Subject + Verb + Complement I am busy. Joe became a doctor. They look sick. o Subject + Verb + Indirect Object + Direct Object I gave her a gift. She teaches us English. o Subject + Verb + Object + Complement I left the door open. We elected him president. They named her Jane. Basic Sentence Patterns and Translation (基本句型与翻译)1. I found quite a few classmates _(和我很投缘).2. As a housewife, she always _（把家里收拾的整洁漂亮）.3. He is well aware that _（他晋升的可能性根本没有）4. There is no evidence that _(大多数人愿意对生态环境无害的产品支付更多的钱).It is impossible for him to get promotedGet marriedmakes the house clean and tidy 分析：1、find + sb.+ adj.(宾语补足语) Answer: congenial to me.congenial kndinjl 意气相投的2、keep + sth. + prepersitional phrase. (宾语补足语)Answer: keeps her house in pretty neatness3. there is no opportunity/possibility for him to be promoted.She hasnt got a Chinamans chance of landing that job.她别想弄到那份工作。4. the vast majority are prepared to pay more for eco-friendly products.非谓语动词： 不能单独做谓语。He is teaching English.Infinitive:Present participle ；现在分词Past participle: 过去分词Gerund : 动名词现在分词/动名词A walking man: a man who is walkingA walking stick: a stick