定语从句中的关系副词有三个.doc

定语从句中的关系副词有三个：when, where和why，它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。其句法结构如下：1. when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。例句：I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.Ill never forget the day when I joined the army.2. where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。例句：The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.This is the house where I lived two years ago.关系副词“when”、“where”既可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句。例如：I will always remember the day when I first visited the Great Wall.He came to Shanghai in 1980, when he was only 12.I dont know the exact spot where they will meet.Mr Wang will fly to Beijing, where he will stay for three months.有时关系副词“when”、“where”引导的限制性定语从句和先行词有间隔的现象，是为了平衡句子的语法需要。Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a diamond necklace?The days are gone forever when the Chinese people used “foreign oil.”.3. why只用于reason之后的限制性定语从句中,在定语从句中作原因状语。例句：That is the reason why I did the job.(在现代英语中why可以省略)上句也可以这样表示：That is the reason I did the job.又如： This was the reason (why )we raised the temperature.关系副词在定语从句中的用法看似简单，以下注意点不可忽视：1）“when”、“where”和“why”的运用取就于表时间的名词、表地点的名词和表原因的名词reason在定语从句中所作的成分，比较下面的几组句子：*I will never forget the day when I first met you on the seashore.*I will never forget the days which/that we spent together in Xueyao Middle School.*This is the hospital where my mother works.*This is the hospital which/that we visited the day before yesterday.*The reason why he did not go to school is that he was ill.*This is the reason which/that he gave his boss in the office .2) “when”、“where”和“why”都可以替换成“介词 + which”，介词的选用取就于先行词和定语从句中的动词。例如：Do you still remember the day on which we first met in Nantong?(on which=when)This is the room in which we lived last year.(in which=where)Do you know the reason for which he refused to go to Marys birthday party. (for which=why)英语中的关系副词由：where,when和 why。这三个关系副词很多情况下，都可以用介词+关系代词来替换。where=in /at /to+which;when=in /on /at+which;why=for +which.有时定语从句中介词短语和动词有意义紧密的修饰关系，尤其在非限制性定语从句中，常使用“介词 + which”结构，而不使用关系副词。例如：My mother works in a factory, in front of which there is a small river.At night the soldiers got to a small hill, at the foot of which stood a farmhouse.3) “that”可活用为关系副词，相当于“when, where、why”和“介词 + which”结构，尤其在“the time when”等结构中的“when”常被“that”代替，而且“that”往往省略。I may leave here any time I want to.During the time I was there I visited him twice.This is my second time I have come to your country.1.Its helpful to put children in a situation they can see themselves differently.A. that B. when C. which D. where答案 D解析 考查定语从句。先行词是situation，指物，亦可指地点，关系词在从句中做地点状语，用关系副词where，选D。2. I have reached a point in my life _ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.A. which B. where C. how D. why答案 B3 .After graduation she reached a point in her career she needed to decide what to do.A.that B.what C.which D.where答案 D解析 本题考查定语从句关系词的确定。英语中，point/situation/case等作先行词，其后的关系词在定语从句中作状语时，用关系副词where（相当于in which）。该定语从句缺少地点状语，因此用where。4.Life is like a long race _we compete with others to g