测绘工程专业英语 部分high light词汇.doc

geomatics 测绘学 geodesy 大地测量学 surveying and mapping 测绘 photogrammetry摄影测量学remote sensing 遥感 global positioning system（GPS）satellite positioning 卫星定位 geographic information system （GIS）land management 土地管理 computer graphics计算机图形学geodetic surveying 大地测量 plane surveying 平面测量control survey 控制测量 horizontal survey 水平测量vertical survey 高程测量 topographic survey 地形测量detail survey 碎部测量 route survey 路线测量land survey （survey，boundary survey ，cadastral survey）地籍测量pipe survey管道测量 hydrographic survey水道测量marine survey 海洋测量 mine survey 矿山测量geological survey 地质测量 distance measurement 距离测量precise ranging 精密测距 geodimeter 光速测距仪EDM（electronic distance measurement）电子测距仪distance measuring instrument，rangefinder测距仪electromagnetic distance measuring instrument 电磁波测距仪electro-optical distance measuring instrument 光电测距仪long-range EDM instrument 远程电子测距仪infrared EDM instrument 红外测距仪laser distance measuring instrument，laser ranger 激光测距仪microwave distance measuring instrument 微波测距仪satellite laser ranger 卫星激光测距仪two-color laser ranger 双色激光测距仪distance-measuring error 测距误差 fixed error 固定误差proportional error 比例误差 sighting distance视距multiplication constant 乘常数 addition constant加常数stadia multiplication constant 视距乘常数 stadia addition constant 视距加常数standard field of length 长度标准检定场nominal accuracy 标准精度 stadia hair 视距丝stadia interval 视距间隔 horizontal angle 水平角vertical angle 竖直角 depression angle 仰角zenith distance 天顶距 elevation angle 高度角horizontal circle 水平度盘 vertical circle垂直度盘true north 真北 geodetic azimuth 大地方位角magnetic azimuth 磁方位角 gyro azimuth 陀螺方位角grid bearing 坐标方位角 control network 控制网method by series，method of direction observation 方向观测法method in all combinations 全组合测角法horizontal control network 平面控制网vertical control network 高程控制网 control point控制点triangulation 三角测量 trilateration 三边测量forward intersection 前方交会 resection 后方交会side intersection 侧方交会 linear-angular intersection边角交会法linear intersection边交会法 traversing 导线测量traverse point 导线点 traverse leg 导线边traverse angle导线折角 open traverse 支导线closed traverse 闭合导线 closed loop traverse 闭合环导线connecting traverse 附和导线 traverse network 导线网angle closing error of traverse导线角度闭合差total length closing error of traverse 导线全长闭合差closing error in coordinate increment 坐标增量闭合差traverse network导线网 triangulateration network边角网triangulation network 三角网 trilateration network三边网survey specifications，specifications of surveys测量规范reference datum 参考基准面Huanghai vertical datum of 1956 1956黄海高程系统national vertical datum of 1985 1985国家高程基准direct leveling，spirit leveling 几何水准测量differential leveling微差水准测量 trigonometric leveling 三角高程测量 barometric leveling 气压水准测量 gravimetric leveling 重力水准测量river-crossing leveling跨河水准测量BM（benchmark）水准基点 level rod 水准尺level 水准仪 backsight(BS)后尺foresight(FS)前尺 height of instrument(HI)仪器高height of target(HT)目标高 elevation difference 高差annexed leveling line 附和水准路线 closed leveling line闭合水准路线spur leveling line支水准路线 refraction correction折光差改正elevation of sight视线高程 optical level光学水准仪electronic level 电子水准仪 laser level 激光水准仪automatic level，compensator level 自动安平水准仪instrument of geomatics engineering 测绘仪器geodetic instrument 大地测量仪器optical theodolite光学经纬仪 electronic theodolite电子经纬仪total station 全站仪 geo-robot 测量机器人robotic (motorized) total station 智能型全站仪gyroscopic theodolite 陀螺经纬仪 data recorder 电子手簿data transfer 数据转换 circular encoders编码度盘automatic target recognition（ATR）目标自动识别servo motors 伺服马达 remote controller远距离遥控器optical plummet光学对中器 law of probability概率论theory of error误差理论 true error 真误差observation error 观测误差 instrumental error 仪器误差personal error 人为误差 gross error 粗差systematic error 系统误差 probable error 或然误差random error，accident error随机(偶然误差)constant error 常差 average error 平均误差absolute error 绝对误差 error test 误差检验relative error相对误差error of closure，closing error，closure 闭合差error propagation，propagation of error 误差传播gross error detection粗差检验 tolerance 限差limit error极限误差 error of focusing调焦误差horizontal refraction error 水平折光误差index error of vertical circle 竖盘指标差error distribution误差分布 normal distribution正态分布Gaussian distribution 高斯分布probability density function 概率密度函数normal random variable 正态随机变量normal error distribution curve 正态误差分布曲线most probable value(MPV)最或然值 expectation，expected value 期望值 unbiased estimate无偏估计 index of precision 精度指标variance方差 standard deviation标准差mean square error(MSE)中误差mean square error of angle observation 测角中误差mean square error of side length 边长中误差mean square error of a point点位中误差mean square error of azimuth 方位角中误差mean square error of coordinate 坐标中误差mean square error of height高程中误差variance of unit weight 单位权方差error ellipse误差椭圆least squares method 最小二乘法 least-squares adjustment最小二乘平差adjustment of observations, survey adjustment测量平差functional model 函数模型 stochastic model 随机模型redundant observation 多余观测 weight matrix 权阵normal equation 法方程 variance-covariance matrix 方差-协方差阵variance-covariance propagation law方差-协方差传播率conditional adjustment 条件平差 direct adjustment 直接平差conditional equation 条件方程 parametric adjustment 参数平差condition adjustment with parameters 附参数条件平差indirect adjustment 间接平差 observation equation 观测方程parameter adjustment with condition附条件间接平差adjusted value 平差值 covariance function 协方差函数inverse of weight matrix 权逆阵 approximate adjustment近似平差adjustment of correlated observation 相关平差adjustment of typical figures典型图形平差combined adjustment 联合平差 least squares collocation最小二乘配置法quasi-stable adjustment 拟稳平差 rank defect adjustment秩亏平差rigorous adjustment 严密平差 sequential adjustment 序贯平差weight coefficient 权系数 weight function 权函数weight reciprocal of figure 图形权倒数figure of the earth 地球形状 gravity field 重力场polar motion 极移 earth tide 地球潮汐crustal motion 地壳运动 celestial body 天体planetary geodesy行星大地测量学geometric geodesy 几何大地测量学physical geodesy 物理大地测量学 satellite geodesy 卫星大地测量学 space geodesy 空间大地测量学geodetic network 大地网 astronomic positioning 天文定位artificial earth satellite人造地球卫星geoidal undulation大地水准面高gravimetric deflection 重力偏差 earths flattening 地球扁率satellite laser ranging(SLR)卫星激光测距lunar laser ranging(LLR)激光测月very long baseline interferometry(VLBI)甚长基线干涉测量satellite-to-satellite tracking 卫星跟踪卫星技术geodetic astronomy 大地天文学deformation monitoring(observation)变形监测displacement observation 位移观测settlement(subsidence) observation 沉陷观测fissure observation 裂缝观测 deflection observation 挠度观测oblique observation，tilt observation 倾斜观测mining subsidence observation 开采沉陷观测observation of slope stability 边坡稳定性观测method of laser alignment 激光准直法 method of tension wire alignment 引张线法collimation line method 视准线法 minor angle method 小角度法direct plummet observation 正垂线观测inverse plummet observation 倒垂线观测 crustal deformation 地壳变形 precise alignment 精密准直crust deformation measurement地壳变形观测space segment 空间部分 control segment 控制部分user segment 用户部分 GPS receiver GPS接收机GPS constellation GPS星座 master control station 主控站monitor station 监控站 atomic clock 原子钟clock error 钟差 broadcast ephemeris 广播星历precise ephemeris 精密星历 Coarse/Acquisition Code C/A码precise code 精码 pseudorange 伪码ionospheric delay 电离层延迟 tropospheric delay 对流层延迟multipath effect 多路径效应 Selective Availability(SA)选择可用性reference receiver 基准接收机 roving receiver 流动接收机receiver antenna 接收机天线real-time kinematic(RTK)实时动态定位differential GPS (DGPS) 差分GPS differential correction 差分改正real-time differential correction 实时差分改正post- processed differential correction 后处理差分改正Global Navigational Satellite System(GNSS) 全球导航卫星系统ESA：European Space Agency 欧空局GLONASS(global navigation satellite system) 全球导航卫星系统(俄)GALILEO伽利略系统 ascending node 升交点argument of latitude 升交角距 inclination angle 倾角ground-based control complex (GCC) 地面控制部分system control center(SCC)系统控制中心command tracking station (CTS) 指令跟踪站satellite clock 卫星钟 dual-frequency 双频precise positioning service(PPS) 精密定位服务standard positioning service(SPS) 标准定位服务Medium Earth Orbit(MEO)中地球轨道GALILEO Control Center(GCC)伽利略控制中心up-link station 注入站 geo-synchronous satellite 地球同步卫星passive positioning system 被动式定位系统positive positioning system 主动式定位系统navy navigation satellite system(NNSS)海军导航卫星系统local navigation satellite system 区域导航卫星系统image data 图像数据 vector data 矢量数据raster data 栅格数据 data capture 数据采集attribute data 属性数据 data classification 数据分类data compression 数据压缩 data transmission 数据转换spatial data transfer空间数据转换 spatial analysis 空间分析geographic information communication 地理信息传输place-name database地名数据库spatial database management空间数据库管理系统spatial data infrastructure 空间数据基础设施digital terrain model(DTM)数字地面模型digital elevation model(DEM)数字高程模型digital surface model(DSM) 数字表面模型triangular irregular network(TIN)不规则三角网topological relationship 拓扑关系aerial photogrammetry航空摄影测量terrestrial photogrammetry 地形摄影测量close-range photogrammetry近景摄影测量aerial photography 航空摄影 flight altitude 航高photographic scale 摄影比例尺photographic principal distance 摄影主距plane table photogrammetry平板摄影测量analogue photogrammetry 模拟摄影测量analytical photogrammetry 解析摄影测量full digital photogrammetry 全数字摄影测量digital photogrammetry数字摄影测量homologous points 同名点 image point 像点homologous ray 同名射线stereopair，stereo photopair 立体像对picture element/pixel 像素 digital orthoimage数字正射影像intensity value 强度值 photo tilt 像片倾斜analytical plotter 解析测图仪 CCD camera CCD摄影机orthophoto正射像片 relative orientation相对定向absolute orientation 绝对定向 analytical aerotriangulation 解析空中三角测量aerial triangulation空中三角测量digital orthophoto map数字正射影像图automatic aerial triangulation 自动空中三角测量block adjustment 区域网平差 image mosaicing 影像镶嵌image rectification影像纠正 internal orientation 内定向reflecting stereoscope 反光立体镜 stereocomparator立体坐标测量仪stereo glasses 立体镜remote sensor 遥感器electromagnetic spectrum电磁波谱仪 transmittance传播absorptance 吸收 reflectance反射electromagnetic radiation电磁辐射 thermal infrared detector 红外探测器passive remote sensing 被动式遥感active remote sensing 主动式遥感side-looking airborne radar(SLAR)机载侧视雷达active microwave sensors主动微波遥感传感器passive microwave sensing 被动微波遥感spectroradiometer分光辐射计 radiometer辐射计scatterometer 散射计 scatterometry 散射测量digital image processing 数字图像处理 digital image数字图像optical image