物流英语作文素材.doc

.1】The importance of Logistics（物流的重要性） As it is known to us all ,logistics means the physical movement of goods from the supplier point to the receive point. Based on practical need, integrated organically the variety of the basic functional activities including transportation, storage,loading and unloading, handling,package, distribution and information management,etc.In practice, logistics refers to the systematic management of the various activities required from the point of production to the customer .When it comes to modern logistics, most professionals in the business consider it one of the most competitive and exciting jobs, invisible as it is. Logistics is a unique global pipeline that operates 24 hours a day, seven days a week and 52 weeks a year, planning and coordinating the transport and delivery of products and service to customers the world over。So we can see logistics plays an important role in the competitive market . In order to succeed in todays global marketplace, companies must be ever cognizant of these trends and develop a logistics management strategy ，so that they can meet the demands of their customers today and be well prepared for the future.2】Role of Warehousing Warehousing is an integral part of every logistics system. The three basic components of it are warehouse, equipment, and people. And the warehouse is usually divides into private warehouse, public warehouse and contract warehousing. The private warehouse is owned by the firm using it. The public warehouse can be leased to solve short-term distribution needs. Contract warehousing is a long term beneficial arrangement.Warehousing plays an important role in providing a desired level of customer service at the lowest possible total cost. Warehousing affects customer service level, sales and marketing success. It can link the production facility and the consumer, or supplier and production facility. Generally, the greater the time lags between production and consumption, the larger the level of warehousing required. Warehousing activity is an important link between the producer and the customer. Warehousing activities involve receiving, transfer, storage, picking, and shipping.As all said above ,warehousing plays a key role in integrated logistics strategy and in building and maintaining good relationship between supply chain partners. Warehousing also helps marketing to serve current customers and expand into new markets.3】Transportation（运输）Every firm requires the movement of goods from the point to another point. This is the function of the transportation. Transportation refers to the physical movement of goods from one point to another point. It can involve raw materials being brought into the production process or finished goods being shipped to the customr。Transportation includes specific activities such as selecting the transport mode, choosing the particular route, selecting the right carrier, complying with various local transportation regulations . Railway, road, waterway, air, and pipeline transportation make up the major modes of transport in modern society. Each mode has its own advantages and disadvantages in terms of costs, speed, capacity, flexibility and safety. Loss due to damage to goods during transit can be avoided. Proper vehicle routing and scheduling can reduce the in-transit inventory.Transportation is usually the most costly logistics activity. It may account for 40%-60% of a companys total logistics cost. Appropriate selection reduces the opportunity costs. Reducing transportation cost can effectively improve the logistics efficiency. We can see that transportation is one of the most significant areas of logistics management.4】Customer service In a broad sense, customer service is the output of the entire logistics system. It involves making sure that the right person receive the right product with the right quantity at the right place at the right time in the right condition at the right cost. At present, many logistics company may have a customer service department that handle complaints, special orders, damage claims, returns, billing problems, etc. 5】Demand forecastingDemand forecasting estimate the need for precise amount of product and service that customers will require in the future. The logistics system can ensure the right products or services are available to meet those requirements. It involves in forecasting how much should be ordered from its suppliers, and how much of finished products should be transported in each market.6】Inventory management（库存管理）Inventory management deals with balancing the cost of maintaining additional products on hand against the risk of not having those items when the customer wants them. This task has become more complex as firms have gradually lowered inventory levels.7】Packaging（包装）Industrial packaging focuses on protecting the product while it is being transported and stored. It conveys important information to inform the customer and provide protection during storage and transport. In a marketing sense, the package acts as a form of promotion or advertising. Its size, weight, color, and printed information attract customers and convey knowledge about the product.8】Procurement（采购）Procurement is the purchase of materials and services from outside to support the firms operations from production to marketing, sales and logistics. It includes the selection of supply source location, timing of purchases, price determin