新概念2讲解).doc

摘要：有些动词如think，believe，expect，suppose等后接表示否定意思的宾语从句时，通常在主句中使用否定形式，但译成汉语时否定意义仍在宾语从句中。它们后面跟的是省略形式的分句，只有助动词+主语，也可以是情态助动词+主语： 【New words and expressions】生词和短语fast adv. 熟（睡）ladder n. 梯子shed n. 棚子 sarcastic adj. 讽刺的，讥笑的tone n. 语气，腔调tone n. 语气，腔调 n. 语气，口气，腔调The policeman answered in a sarcastic tone. n. 语调，声调You should use the rising/falling tone at the end of this sentence. n. 格调，风格，气氛Her dress has a bright tone.The building has a foreign tone.【课文讲解】1、Asking for troubleask for trouble 自找麻烦，自计苦吃（多用于口语）The boss seems to be annoyed. To talk to him now is to ask for trouble.2、I dont think the windows need cleaning at this time of the night.有些动词如think，believe，expect，suppose等后接表示否定意思的宾语从句时，通常在主句中使用否定形式，但译成汉语时否定意义仍在宾语从句中。I dont believe he is still in London.need表示需要时，后面接动名词有被动的含义。need cleaning = need to be cleaned3、I immediately regretted answering in the way I did, but I said, I enjoy cleaning windows at night.regret doing sth. 后悔做了（对已发生的事情表示后悔）I regretted saying it almost at once.regret to do sth. 遗憾（对现在要发生的事表示抱歉）We regret to inform you that you neednt come here next week.remember/forget +to do sth. 指末来的动作I remembered to post the letters. 我记着去邮信了。（ 没 有 忘 记 ）I forgot to ask Tom. 我忘了去问汤姆。remember/forget doing sth. 指过去的动作（已发生过）I remember posting/having posted the letters.Have you forgotten meeting/having met her at a party?你忘记了曾在一次聚会上见过她吗？stop to do sth. 指目的On the way to the station I stopped to buy a paper.stop doing sth. 停下正在做的动作When he told us the story, we just couldnt stop laughing.【Special Difficulties】用于并列补充句和反应句的so和neither/norso和neither/nor 用于并列补充句和表示反应的句子时表示也，同样，so用于肯定句，neither/nor 用于否定句。它们后面跟的是省略形式的分句，只有助动词+主语，也可以是情态助动词+主语：John can speak French and so can I.I didnt got to the meeting last night.Neither/Nor did I.You shouldnt work so hard and nor should I.Lesson 91【New words and expressions】生词和短语balloon n. 气球royal adj. 皇家spy v. 侦察track n. 轨迹，踪迹binoculars n. 望远镱spy v. 侦察 vi. 暗中监视；侦察（通常与on，upon连用）I noticed some policemen spying on the foreign tourists. vt. 发现，看见She spied a cloud of smoke in the distance.He spied a stranger in his garden. n. 间谍，密探He was once a spy for the police/British government.They have arrested three spies.【课文讲解】1、A pilot noticed a balloon which seemed to be making for a Royal Air Force Station nearby.seem to be doing sth. 似乎正在做She seems to be looking for somebody/something.make for 走向，飞向，向前进After leaving Calais, the ship made for Dover.2、He said that someone might be spying on the station and the pilot was ordered to keep track of the strange object.keep track of 跟踪，追踪，保持联系，记录（反义词为lose track of）Keep track of the man wearing a grey hat. He looks suspicious to me.She managed to keep track of her friends.3、He could make out three men in a basket under it and one of them was holding a pair of binoculars.make out （勉强）看出，辨认出，听出I cant make out the bosss handwriting.In the darkness of night, he could just make out three men coming toward them.4、The police were called in, but they could not arrest anyone, for the basket contained two Members of Parliament and the Commanding Officer of the station!call in 召来When he discovered that some important thins were missing in his room, he called the police in.Sam has a temperature. Wed better call in a doctor.【Special Difficulties】与make连用的短语make out 写出，填写（相当于write out）He made out a cheque of 1,000 dollars and gave it to the secretary.（勉强）看出，辨认出，听出，理解Can you make out what they are talking about?I cant make out the bosss handwriting.Jane is angry again. Sometimes I cant make her out at all. Her moods change quickly.I could not make out what he said.make up 编造，捏造，虚构Every time he played truant, Tom would make up an excuse.（给）化妆/化装She always makes herself up/makes up her face before going out.Making up takes up a lot of her time.make up for 补偿，弥补I had to walk faster to make up for lost time.She managed to make up for her mistake.make for （匆匆）走向，向前进While the thief was making for his car, a policeman stopped him.Lesson 93support v. 支持，支撑 vt. 支持，支撑（某个具体东西）The actual figure was supported by a metal framework.Feeling weak, she supported herself against a desk and rested for a short time. vt. 拥护，赞成，支持（人、想法等）He made the right decision. Unfortunately, nobody supported him.I supported his opinion that another bridge should be built over the river. vt. 抚养，供养，赡养You need a high income these days to support a large family.My son can support himself now【课文讲解】1、One of the most famous monuments in the world, the Statue of Liberty, was presented to the United States of America in the nineteenth century by the people of France.the Statue of Liberty 自由女神像the people指某个国家的人民；指复数的“人们”时通常不加 the:A lot of /Few people went to their wedding.2、The following year, it was taken to pieces and sent to America.taketo pieces 把拆卸开/拆散This machine is too large to be transported in whole. It has to be taken to pieces first.3、By the end of October 1886, the statue had been put together again and it was officially presented to the American people by Bartholdi.puttogether 把装配起来（taketo piece的反义词）I cant put the broken vase together. 我无法把那打碎的花瓶重新拼起来。4、Ever since then, the great monument has been a symbol of liberty for the millions of people who havepassed through New York Harbour to make their homes in America.ever since then 从那以后make ones home in 在安家落户Ian (has) left England and made his home in China.【Special Difficulties】同形不同音的词许多词既可以作名词又可以作动作，但有些词为不同的词类使用时发音上，尤其是重音的位置会有变化，这些词有：accent v. 重读 n. 重音conduct v. 指挥；导电 n. 行为conflict v. 冲突 n. 冲突，contest v. 争夺，竞争 n. 比赛contrast v. 形成对比 n. 对比export v. 输出，出口 n. 出口increase v. 增加 n. 增加insult v. 侮辱 n. 侮辱present v. 赠送 n. 礼物product v. 生产 n. 农产品protest v. 抗议 n. 抗议record v. 记录，录音 n. 记录，唱片refuse v. 拒绝 n. 垃圾transport v. 运输，运送 n. 运输Lesson 94instruct v. 指导，传授 vt. 指导，教，传授Children can be instructed in swimming at a very early age.Dan instructs chemistry at a nearby college.vt. 批示，命令，吩咐The doctor instructed Jimmy to stay in bed for a week.Ive been instructed to give you this pete v. 比赛，对抗vi. 比赛，对抗（通常与with或against连用）The children compete against each other to reach the other end of the pool.During the singing contest, Mary competed with Helen for the first prize.vi. 匹敌，比得上，媲美（通常与with连用，多用于否定句）Hughs house cant compete with yours.None of his later books can compete with his first one.【课文讲解】1、At a special swimming pool in Los Angeles, children become expert at holding their breath under water even before they can walk.expert at/in doing sth. 方面的专家，熟练者Rex soon became an expert at opening the gate.hold ones breath 屏住呼吸Last night, when I heard a strange noise coming from the bar, I held my breath and listened carefully.2、It is not long before they are so accustomed to swimming that they can pick up weights from the floor of the pool.not long before 不久，很快be accustomed to n./doing sth. 习惯的，适应了的He soon became accustomed to his new job.My mother is accustomed to getting up early.3、A game that is very popular with these young swimmers is the underwater tricycle race.be popular with 深受的欢迎，为所喜爱Mary is popular with/among children.Swimming is popular with these girls.4、Tricycles are lined up on the floor of the pool seven feet under water.line up （使）排成行/排队Why are people lining up over there?Line these chairs up, please.5、The children compete against each other to reach the other end of the pete against 与竞争，与抗衡6、Some children can cover the whole length of the pool without coming up for breath even e up for breath 升上水面换气7、Whether they will ever become future Olympic champions, only time will tell.倒装句，宾语从句置于句首，通常，以疑问词引导的宾语从句会用于这种句型：What made him do it, no one knows.How they found out the truth, only George can tell.Lesson 95post v. 派任vt. 派任，委派（与人连用）I must definitely get that fellow posted.Two months ago, Horst was posted to Paris.vt. 邮寄（与物连用，美语用 mail）He posted me a Christmas card last year.Would you please post this parcel for me?aimvt. &vi.（把）瞄准/对准He aimed a fire extinguisher at me.He aimed at the dog but missed.vi.