2018北京市学士学位英语考前押题及答案.pdf

2018 北京市学士学位英语 考前押题 必过 北京市学士学位英语 考前押题 必过 考试时间 考试时间 120 分钟 分钟 Part Reading Comprehension 30 Directions There are three passages in this part Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements For each of them there are four choices marked A B C and D You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet Passage 1 Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage There seems never to have been a civilization without toys but when and how they developed is unknown They probably came about just to give children something to do 76 In the ancient world as in today most boys played with some kinds of toys and most girls with another In societies where social roles are rigidly determined boys pattern their play after the activities of their fathers and girls after the tasks of their mothers This is true because boys and girls are being prepared even in play to step into the roles and responsibilities of the adult world What is remarkable about the history of toys is not so much how they changed over the centuries but how much they have remained the same The changes have been mostly in terms of craftsmanship mechanics and technology It is the universality of toys with regard to their development in all parts of the world and their persistence to the present that is amazing In Egypt the America China Japan and among the Arctic people generally the same kinds of toys appeared Variations depended on local customs and ways of life because toys imitate their surroundings 77 Nearly every civilization had dolls little weapons toy soldiers tiny animals and vehicles Because toys can be generally regarded as a kind of art form they have not been subject to technological leaps that characterize inventions for adult use The progress from the wheel to the ox cart to the automobile is a direct line of ascent 进步 The progress from a rattle 拨浪鼓 used by a baby in 3 000 B C to one used by an infant today however is not characterized by inventiveness Each rattle is the product of the artistic tastes of the times and subject to the limitations of available materials 1 The reason why the toys most boys play with are different from those that girls play with is that A their social roles are rigidly determined B most boys would like to follow their fathers professions C boys like to play with their fathers while girls with their mothers D they like challenging activities 2 One aspect of the universality of toys lies in the fact that A technological advances have greatly improved the durability of toys B the improvement of craftsmanship in making toys depends on the efforts of universities C the exploration of the universe has led to the creation of new kinds of toys D the basic characteristics of toys are the same over the world 3 Which of the following is the author s view on the historical development of toys A The craftsmanship in toy making has remained essentially unchanged B Toys have remained basically the same all through the centuries C The toy industry has witnessed great leaps in technology in recent years D Toys are playing an increasingly important role in shaping a child s character 4 Regarded as a kind of art form toys A follow a direct line of ascent B also appeal greatly to adults C are not characterized by technological progress D reflect the pace of social progress 5 The author uses the example of a rattle to show that A in toy making there is a continuity in the use of materials B even the simplest toys can reflect the progress of technology C it often takes a long time to introduce new technology into toy making D even a simple toy can mirror the artistic tastes of the times Passage 2 Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage On the night of May 7 1942 during World War a plane took off from an Air Force base in England to stop German fighters over the English Channel Pilot of the plane was Captain Thomas Nash Looking eastward Nash saw twelve orange lights in a row moving at a fantastic rate of speed As a sophisticated flyer he had never seen anything like them Thinking that they might be a new German weapon he decided to chase them 78 But when he swung the plane around and headed directly for the lights they vanished Captain Nash may have been the first to see such orange lights but he wasn t the last His experience was repeated several times by pilots during World War II in Europe and the Far East What were they No one knows for sure but there is an interesting theory to explain them According to this theory the orange lights are space animals animals specially adapted to life in the upper atmosphere just as some creatures are adapted to life at the bottom of the sea These space animals the theory says live so far up in the atmosphere that they are invisible from earth They feed in part on the air and partly on energy from sunlight Being almost pure energy themselves they can adjust their bodies to glow at night During the day they become invisible Before World War II continues the theory there was little radiated energy available on the earth s surface Then came the development of rockets atomic reactors and hydroelectric plants 79 The space creatures are attracted by these sources of energy At night when no energy emitted from sunlight they go down into the lower levels to search a meal They may even drift into the scope of human eyesight This explains the fact that they have been sighted periodically from the earth since 1942 6 The best statement of the main idea of this passage is that A Captain Nash saw twelve orange lights moving at a fantastic rate of speed B Captain Nash may have been the first to see lights in space C According to an interesting theory the orange lights are space animals D The mysteries of nature can be completely explained 7 The strange orange lights were first seen A from the ground B from a rocket ship C during World War I D during World War 8 The theory says that during the daytime the space animals A glow brightly in the sky B are invisible C can be seen in the earth D visit the earth s surface 9 If the space animal theory is true the creatures go down to the lower regions in order to A escape detection B arouse curiosity C search for food D make contact with man 10 The space animal theory would seem to indicate that A living creatures are extremely adaptable B life in space is impossible for man C the fittest creatures always survive D life can not exist in the depth of the sea Passage 3 Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage In many businesses computers have largely replaced paperwork because they are fast flexible and do not make mistakes As one banker said Unlike humans computers never have a bad day And they are honest Many banks advertise that their transactions are untouched by human hands and therefore safe from human temptation Obviously computers have no reason to steal money But they also have no conscience and the growing number of computer crimes shows they can be used to steal Computer criminals don t use guns And even if they are caught it is hard to punish them because there are no witnesses and often no evidence 80 A computer cannot remember who used it it simply does what it is told The head teller at a New York City Bank used a computer to steal more than one and a half billion dollars in just four years No one noticed this theft because he moved the money from one account to another Each time a customer he had robbed questioned the balance in his account the teller claimed a computer error then replaced the missing money from someone else s account This man was caught only because he was a gambler When the police broke up an illegal gambling operation his name was in the records Some employees use the computer s power to get revenge on employers they consider unfair Recently a large insurance company fired its computer tape librarian for reasons that involved her personal rather than her professional life She was given thirty days notice In those thirty days she erased all the company s computerized records Most computer criminals have been minor employees Now police wonder if this is the tip of the iceberg As one official says I have the feeling that there is more crime out there than we are catching What we are seeing now is all so poorly done I wonder what the real experts are doing the ones who really know how a computer works 11 The passage is mainly about A computer crimes B banking via computer C computer errors D computer businesses 12 Why are the transactions in many banks claimed to be safe A Because they are handled by computers B Because humans are not allowed to operate computers C Because there are no mistakes what so ever D Because computers do not steal money 13 The head teller covered up his theft by A replacing the money with what he had gained at the gambling house B saying sorry to the customer C putting the money back D moving the money back from another account 14 Thirty days after the librarian was given the notice she had to A take her revenge on the company B leave her job C erase all the company s records D admit her mistake 15 What can we infer from the passage A Minor employers are more likely to commit crimes B Crimes committed by computer experts are difficult to detect C Computer criminals are usually from the cold regions D There are too many criminals for the police to catch Part Vocabulary and Structure 30 Directions In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences For each sentence there are four choices marked A B C and D Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet 16 If you buy more than ten they knock 20 pence off A a priceB priceC the priceD prices 17 The manager his factory s products were poor in quality decided to give his workers further training A knowingB knownC to knowD being known 18 Mary has never been a ship A abroadB aboardC aboveD absorb 19 In fact there is no liberty in any country A adequateB absoluteC privateD practical 20 Adriver should on the road when driving A connectB flatC fillD concentrate 21 to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one s skin A ExposedB Having exposed C Being exposedD After being exposed 22 She has an for learning history A appendixB appealC appetiteD applause 23 One learns a language by making mistakes and them A correctB correctingC correctsD to correct 24 for his help we couldn t have overcome the difficulties A Weren t itB Hadn t it been C Had it not beenD Without it 25 Only when the process of meeting the basic need for food reached a certain level of sophistication to follow other pursuits A it was possible for humansB was it possible for humans C were humans possibleD possible for humans it was 26 The manager of the hotel requests that their guests after 11 00 p m A not to play loud musicB don t play loudmusic C shouldn t play loud musicD couldn t play loud music 27 We desire that the tour leader us immediately of any change in plans A informB informedC informsD has informed 28 I wish I longer this morning but I had to get up and come to class A could have sleptB might have slept C sleptD have slept 29 My sister s professor had her paper many times before allowing her to present it to the committee A re writtenB to rewriteC rewriteD rewriting 30 It is politely requested by the hotel management that radios after 11 o clock at night A were not playedB not be played C not to playD did not play 31 As Commander in Chief of the armed forces I have directed that all measures for our defense A had been takenB be taken C would be takenD to be taken 32 The hours the children spend in their one way relationship with television people undoubtedly affect their relationships with real life people A in whichB on whichC whenD that 33 Beforethe first non stop flight made in 1949 it necessary for all planes to land for refueling A would beB has beenC had beenD would have been 34 We our breakfast when an old man came to the door A just have hadB have just had C just hadD had just had 35 It s reported that by the end of this month the output of cement in the factory by about 10 A will have risenB has risen C will be risingD has been rising 36 Although Americans have different views on many issues they tend to agreeone subject taxes are too high A onB toC withD at 37 His sickness with terrible weather has completely ruined this long expected trip A combingB combinedC to combineD to be combined 38 Afterseemed to be an endless wait it was finally his turn to have the interview A thatB whenC whatD which 39 The demand made by the workers is that their salariesto cover the increased cost of living A increasedB be increasedC be increasingD were increased 40 He is by far and will be for a time the best basketball player in the history of the game A comingB to comeC to have comeD to be coming 41 When we arrived at the airport we were told our flight A cancelledB had cancelledC has been cancelledD had been cancelled 42 After careful investigation we find that one of the statementsto be untrue A is turned outB have been turned out C has turned outD have turned out 43 Without the sun s lightthe earth s surface no life could exist on the earth A warmsB warmedC warmingD to warm 44 How close parents are to their childrena strong influence on the character of their children A haveB hasC havingD had 45 It is high time that the international communitytogether to fight against terrorism A workB worksC workedD working Part Identification 10 Directions Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A B C and D Identify the one that is not correct Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet 46 Neither John and his father was able to wake up early enough to catch the morning train ABCD 47 Mary found it difficult to talk calmly about which she had experienced at the station ABCD 48 The salesman told me that a good pair of glasses were supposed to last at least 3 to 4 years ABCD 49 Ever since the world began nations have difficulty in keeping peace with their neighbors ABCD 50 You had better return to your dormitory and to enjoy the company of your roommates instead ABC of wasting time with me D 51 Under no circumstances we shall stop the research we have begun ABCD 52 If you had come to the party last night you have known the fact ABCD 53 Our history professor is such a knowledgeable person that it seems that there isn t nothing ABCD which he does not know 54 She liked her job as a waitress because she enjoyed to meet people ABCD 55 The next morning the first thing my brother and me did was to go out for a walk in the forest ABCD Part IV Cloze 10 Directions There are 20 blanks in the following passage and for each blank there are 4 choices marked A B C and D at the end of the passage You should choose ONE answer that best fits into the passage Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet Animals have been kept as pets by people in all parts of the world for thousands of years The most56pets are dogs cats birds and fish But many people57unusual pets 58 snakes crocodiles and monkeys Many Japanese children59mice and teach60to dance 61music The people of India62pets of snakes Pets can make interesting playful63 People enjoy teaching them to do64and to 65commands Pets owners often66their pet to be a member of the family Many children spend more time with their pets than they do with adults 67caring for pets children learn responsibility They must68that their pets have food exercise and a proper place to live in Most children like69to and even telling secrets to their pets Pets also can70to a person s general well being Research shows that71with animals can improve a person s morale and that the presence of pets can lower72blood pressure Many people look and feel more relaxed73with their pets Many people living 74in nursing homes or in hospitals enjoy community programs that bring pets to visit Today many such institutions keep cats birds fish and other pets for their75 56 A ordinary B familiar C usual D common 57 A take B keep C adopt D feed 58 A such as B like C example D for instance 59 A training B calm C tame D domesticated 60 A them B it C that D what 61 A for B after C with D go 62 A keep B bring C let D make 63 A company B camp C colony D companions 64 A games B tricks C play D the game 65 A obey B comply C submit D carry 66 A consider B reflect C think D bear in mind 67 A Through B With C By D Without 68 A think B sure C see D assure 69 A chatting B talking C discussing D expressing 70 A promote B supply C donate D contribute 71 A is B is being C being D are 72 A its B someone s C their D one s 73 A during B by C at the time D while 74 A alone B lonely C aloneness D assisted 75 A tenants B residents C citizens D residency Part Translation 20 Section A Directions In this part there are five sentences which you should translate into Chinese These sentences are all taken from the 3 passages you have just read in Reading Comprehension You can refer back to the passages to identify their meanings in the context 76 In the ancient world as in today most boys played with some kinds of toys and most girls with another 77 Nearly every civilization had dolls little weapons toy soldiers tiny animals and vehicles 78 But when he swung the plane around and headed directly for the lights they vanished 79 The space creatures are attracted by these sources of energy 80 Acomputer cannot remember who used it it simply does what it is told Section B Directions In this part there are five sentences in Chinese You should translate them into English Be sure to write clearly 81 我们的城市发生了很大的变化 82 我们要充分利用我们现有的资源 83 天太冷了 不能去游泳 84 下次你应该早点儿来这儿 85 这从前曾经有很多大树 参考答案及解析参考答案及解析 第一部分第一部分 阅读理解阅读理解 1 A 解析 选项 A 是本问题的根本原因 而选项 B 只是选项 A 的结果 选项 C D 在文中 未曾提及 2 D 解析 文中第三段提到 在埃及 中国等国 一般来说都有同类的玩具出现 这是 玩 具的一致性 的一个方面 3 B 解析 参见文中第三段第一句话 4 C 解析 第四段第一句话明确指出 玩具并不完全取决于技术的飞跃 5 D 解析 见文中最后一句话 举拨浪鼓的例子是为了说明即使最简单的玩具也能反映出 它所处的时代的艺术品