2013年8月24日托福写作真题解析.doc

2013年8月24日托福写作真题解析综合写作：文章讲述关于dog domestication的事情reading passage里讲了三点：说domesticeted dog的 ancestor 是狼,因为相似的基因； 说是人类的活动带动了dog domestication，即驯化过程是人工选择的结果；3,讲dog domestication 的大概时期，大约是14000年以前，因为发现葬在一起。lecture里教授逐一反驳：1说祖先根本不是狼，有一种野狗基因更相似；2还说dog的驯化是自然选择的结果，和人类活动无关，因为友善的狗能吃人丢下的东西，更可能存活下去；3 最后说文章里说的时间也不对，绝对比14000年早，在人类settle down之前还打猎为生的时候狗就已经驯化了。因为之前人们主要游牧捕猎，即使有也不会葬在一起，直到14000年前人们才开始下葬类活动。独立写作：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is important to have rules about the types of clothing that people are allowed to wear at work and at school.Sample Response 1:Peoples opinions may differ when it comes to the issue whether it is of significance to have rules about the types of clothing that people are permitted to wear at work and at school. In my opinion, although there is certain truth in the statement, I am still in favor of the idea that rules on the types of clothing are unnecessary for the following reasons.Granted, restriction on clothing at work or at school can enhance working and learning efficiency to some extent. It is because people can focus their attention on what they do instead of distracted by a variety of clothes. It is obvious that concentration will bring efficiency, ensuring production efficiency and ensuring studying effect. However, compared to the benefits brought by free wearing, rules on clothing are secondary both to workers and studentsInitially, allowing employees to have different standards on clothes enables workers to feel respected and cared. Everyone is created equal and deserves the same kind of respect. By providing the freedom to dress whatever they like, employers deliver the concept of respect. In addition, wearing comfortable clothes is also an embodiment of organizational concern for individual difference and characteristics. It is hard to imagine a sea of people wearing dress codes with poor ventilation and low quality cloth in a hot summer. According to a survey conducted by Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, after polling thousands of employees from different companies, most respondents believe that regulations on their clothing are disrespectful and undesirable and should be abandoned or at least adjusted. It is also mentioned by some senior managers that it is of potential risks to prohibit the clothes wearing since it might cause tension between employers and employees.Secondly, in a school setting, personalized clothing can cultivate students appreciation for beauty. As is known to all, students are at an age that well-rounded education are in dire need and art education is undoubtedly an essential part of it. By permitting students to wear different kinds of clothes, students can learn about beauty through different angles by watching everyday apparels. For instance, my girlfriend Katie grew up in US and she was given with the freedom to wear what she loves in school. Later when she started working in China, she knew exactly what to wear because her standard of beauty in dressing has been established. In contrast, most Chinese students who have been restricted by wearing uniforms in school for years would have trouble choosing the proper attire entering the professional world. The reason is that most Chinese teenagers are not given with the opportunity to select what they like. Consequently, they lack the experience of trial and error, which will take a longer time for them to find out whats suitable for them.To sum up, based on the above analysis, despite certain merits of having strict dress code, I firmly believed that we should not implement this policy at work or school.(493 words)Sample response 2Does it ever occur to you that it is such a problem deciding on what to wear during a regular school or work day? Is the skirt too short or the shirt too casual? Should I wear a tie in the meeting? If we are given with clear rules on what to wear each day that would make our life much easier. Thus, I agree with the statement that there should be rules about what types of clothing that people are allowed to wear at work and at school. My first reason is that clear dress code makes employees feel in unity and keeps the work environment looking coherent. In some companies, we see female employees that wear skirts that are way too short. Its important to remember that in a work environment, there are both males and females and we should be respectful of both genders. Wearing clothes that show off too much skin can be a distraction to the opposite sex which is not conducive for work.My second reason is that having clear rules about what to wear helps new employees transit to the company much easily. Often we see fresh college graduates enter the professional world not knowing what exactly to wear on the first day of work. Depending on the specific field or industry, there are different clothing requirements. For example, in the field of culinary, workers are expected to wear clothes and shoes that provide safety whereas for gym teachers, comfort is a major concern. Different fields have different expectations on the workers dress code, and its necessary to let people know what is expected of them especially for those who are new to an industry. It will make their transition to the work force much more effectively. For my third reason, I would like to draw the attention to the school environment. Often, students at a young age like to demonstrate their personality by wearing clothes that are considered fashionable. Sometimes fashion means wearing strange clothes that are improper for their age. If one student starts to wear clothes that are so unique, others will try to imitate. Students will then compete in school to see wh