浙江2019高考英语阅读理解试题练习01及解析或解析.doc

浙江2019高考英语阅读理解试题练习01及解析或解析山东省师大附中2018届高三模拟第三部分 阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分） 阅读以下短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中, 选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ABeginning college is exciting: new ideas to explore，new challenges to be met and many decisions to be made. Your future begins here. However，you will find college life is different from your previous school environment. Many of us can be easily overwhelmed by the details of running a well-balanced life. While some of us may have the know-how，I guess there are more of us who can benefit from learning about the experiences of others who have walked the college halls before you. The following you may find of use about life on campus. Plan well. There are so many new things to do at a new college or university. Give yourself time to make new friends and become familiar with the campus，but dont forget why you are there. Give some time for social activities and manage your time wisely. If you dont have a “system” for planning your time now (like a day timer，a computer date book)，get one. Most of all，dont depend on your memory. Dont miss the guidelines. The restrictions，rules and regulations of all kinds can usually be found in your students handbook. Consider them well-balanced food for thought. What dates are important? What pieces of paper need to be handed in? What can/ cant you do in your student residence(住处)? Who has the right for what? What do you need to complete to graduate? Write the word “STUDY” on the walls of our bedroom and bathroom，and maybe it will help to write it on a piece of paper and stick it on the telephone，TV and the kitchen table. Consider thisyou are paying thousands of dollars for your courses. You pay every time you have to repeat or replace a course. Build your identity. This is the time for you to decide what to do and what not to do. Take as much time as you need to explore new ideas. Do not be afraid of the beyond. This is learning to make good choices. 56. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To describe the importance of college life. B.To explain why college life is exciting.C. To offer advice on college life. D.To persuade you to go to college. 57. According to the passage，why is it exciting to begin college life? A. Because you prepare for your future career and life there. B. Because you will no longer be afraid of the beyond. C. Because you will have more freedom at college. D. Because professors there will provide you with many new ideas. 58. The underlined word “knowhow” refers to _. A. an understanding of how things are going at college B. an environment completely different from the one youre used to C. college halls where rules and regulations are presented D. practical knowledge about how to behave and what to do at college59. According to the passage，college students _. A. neednt learn from those who went to college before them B. should know what they have fought for on campus C. spend as much time as possible on social activities D. are supposed to repeat or replace at least one course60. According to the passage，all the following statements are true EXCEPT _. A. at college you should take an active part in social activities B. the author advises you to get a computer data book C. you are reminded of study by making a sign everywhere D. you are given a suggestion that you make an identity card first5660CADBD*山东省师大附中2018届高三模拟-B When we talk about intelligence, we do not mean the ability to get good scores in certain kinds of tests or even the ability to do well in school. By intelligence we mean a way of living and behaving, especially in a new or anxious situation. If we want to test intelligence, we need to find out how a person acts instead of how much he knows what to do.For example, when in a new situation, an intelligent person thinks about the situation, not about himself or what might happen to him. He tries to find out all he can, and then he acts immediately and tries to do something about it. He probably isnt sure how it will all work out, but at least he tries. And, if he cant make things work out right, he doesnt feel ashamed that he fails; he just tries to learn from his mistakes. An intelligent person, even if he is very young, has a special outlook(人生观) on life, special feeling about life, and knows how he fits into it.If you look at children, youll see great difference between what we call “bright” children and “not bright” children. They are actually two different kinds of people, not just the same kind with different amounts of intelligence. For example, the bright child really wants to find out more about life he tries to get in touch with everything around him. But the unintelligent child keeps more to himself and his own dreamworld; he seems to have a wall between him and life in general.61. This passage mainly tells us that intelligence is the ability_ .A. to do well in schoolB. to behave immediatelyC. to know what to doD. to deal with life 62. In a new situation, an intelligent person _.A. knows more about what might happen to himB. concentrates on the situationC. is sure of the result he will getD. cares more about himself63. In the authors opinion the biggest difference between “bright” children and “not bright” children lies in _.A. the amount of intelligenceB. the different situations they faceC. the different attitudes to lifeD. the background of life64. Whats the main idea of the passage?A. Whats real meaning of intelligence?B. Whats the “bright” childrens behavior?C. Whats a special outlook on life?D. How to live and behave in a new situation?65. What might the author continue to talk about in the passage that follows? .A. how to determine what intelligence is B. how an unintelligent person should be taught C. how to judge whether a person is intelligent D. how education should be changed61、DBCAB*山东省师大附中2018届高三模拟-CA chemical important of brain development may play a role in explaining why some people are genetically (由基因决定地) likely to suffer from anxiety and could lead to new treatments, U.S. researchers said. They said highly anxious rats which were kept had very low levels of a brain chemical called fibroblast growth factor 2 or FGF2, compared with rats that were more relaxed. But when they improved the anxious rats living conditions giving them new toys to explore and a bigger cage to live in levels of this brain chemical increased and they became less anxious.“The levels of this brain chemical increased in response to the experiences that the rats were exposed to. It also decreased their anxiety”. Javier Perez of the University of Michigan said in a telephone interview. “It made them behave the same way as the rats that were relaxed”, he said.In a former study of people who were severely depressed before they died, the team found the gene that makes FGF2 was producing very low levels of the growth factor, which is known primarily for organizing the brain during development and repairing it after injury.Perez thinks the brain chemical may be a marker for genetic vulnerability (脆弱性) to anxiety and depression. But it can also respond to changes in the environment in a positive way, possibly by preserving new brain cells.While both the calm and anxious rats produced the same number of new brain cells, these cells were less likely to survive in the high-anxiety rats, the team found. Giving the rats better living conditions or injecting them with FGF2 helped improve cell survival.“This discovery may pave the way for new, more specific treatments for anxiety that will not be based on sedation(药物镇静), but will instead fight the real cause of the disease,” Dr. Pier Vincenzo Piazza from France said in a statement.66. From the passage we can infer that with the levels of FGF2 decreasing, the rats will_ .A. die of anxiety soonB. suffer from a headacheC. become more anxious D. become more relaxed67. Whats the better way to increase the levels of FGF2?A. Introducing more companions to the anxious rats.B. Improving the living conditions of the anxious rats.C. Injecting the anxious rats with some special medicine.D. Giving the anxious rats more time to relax.68. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refers to .A. the brain B. the geneC. the growth factor D. the team69. Whats the main influence of the new discovery?A. Doctors wont use any medicine to cure anxiety.B. Doctors may find new medicine for anxiety.C. Doctors will find the real cause of anxiety.D. Doctors may treat anxiety more efficiently.70. Which of the following would be the most suitable title for the passage?A. Anxious rats and relaxed ratsB. Anxiety a serious mental diseaseC. Brain chemical may play key role in anxietyD. Scientific research into the brain is important 66、CBADC* 山东省师大附中2018届高三模拟-DA small piece of fish each day may keep the heart doctor away. Thats the finding of a study of Dutch men in which deaths from heart disease were more than 50 percent lower among those who consumed at least an ounce of salt water fish per day compared to those who never ate fish.The Dutch research is one of three human studies that give strong scientific support to the long held belief that eating fish can provide health benefits, particularly to the heart.Heart disease is the number-one killer in the United States, with more than 550,000 deaths occurring from heart attacks each year. But previous research has shown that the level of heart disease is lower in cultures that consume more fish than Americans do. There are fewer heart disease deaths, for example, among the Eskimos of Greenland, who consume about 14 ounces of fish a day, and among the Japanese, whose daily fish consumption averages more than 3 ounces.For 20 years, the Dutch study followed 852 middle-aged men, 20 percent of whom ate no fish. At the start of the study, average fish consumption was about two-thirds of an ounce each day, with more men eating lean fish than fatty fish.During the next two decades, 78 of the men died from heart disease. The fewest deaths were among the group who regularly ate fish, even at levels far lower than those of the Japanese or Eskimos. This relationship was true regardless of other factors such as age, high blood pressure, or blood cholesterol（胆固醇）levels.71. In which section of a newspaper can we read this passage? A. Ads B. Movies C. Briefs D. Health and Diet72. The passage is mainly about _.A. the high incidence of heart disease in some countries B. the changes in peoples dietC. the effect of fish eating on peoples health D. the daily fish consumption of people in different cultures73. We can infer from the passage that there are fewer heart disease deaths _.A. in countries of the yellow-skin race B. in highly-developed countriesC. in the countries with high consumption of fish D. in the countries with good production of fish74. The phrase “this relationship” in paragraph 6 refers to the connection between _and the level of heart disease.A. the amount of fish eatenB. regular fish-eatingC. the kind of fish eatenD. people of different areas75. From the passage we know the author is most probably _.A. a heart doctor B. a science researcher C. a supporter of healthy eating D. a university studentDCCBC*结束 阅读细节理解篇*201*全国大联考（新课标）词数：279 体裁：议论文 难度：3Over 70 percent of the double single-child couples in China need help from their parents in taking care of their own kids, according to a recent surveyWomen of China magazine and a consulting company carried out a survey recently on young couples of the single-child generation, the Morning Post reportsThe couples surveyed were around 29 and have been married for three years on average, with university education and monthly income of 4000 yuan ($531)Among them, 435 percent have kidsResults show that 719 percent of the young couples have help from their parents in taking care of their kidsGrown up as the single-child, the only child in a family since the family planning policy was adopted in 1979, this generation depends much on their parentsThe parents of the single-child generation focused more on their childrens physical well-being rather than their attitudes and values, according to some psychologistsThe research also found that the double single-child couples follow a rather traditional value systemSurvey shows that 275 percent of them got married after dating for one to two years, 252 percent two to five years, and 20 percent didnt tie the knot until dating for five yearsAlso, 30 percent of the couples were schoolmates, while 438 percent were introduced by someoneSince their marriage are based on enduring relationships, 652 percent of the husbands and 629 percent of the wives think that compromise(妥协)and tolerance(宽容)are necessary in their marriageMeanwhile, 217 percent of the husbands and 371 percent of the wives support the idea that happiness is the key standard for a marriage71The best title for the passage should be_AMom and Dad,Take Care of My Kid Please BBouble Single-child CouplesCThe Problem of the Single Child DA Recent Survey By Woman of China72Which of the following is NOT supported by the passage?AThe majority of the double single-child couples in China depend much on their parentsBThe parents of the “single-child”generation more care about their study and educationCOne-fifth of the couples surveyed didnt get marriied until dating for five yearsDAll the couples surveyed have university education and 30 percent of them were schoolmates73Which of the following descriptions about “double single-child couples” is True ?AThey are single child in either family and independent of their parents BThey are single child in either family and they are dependent on their parentsCThey have at least two children and can afford to support themselvesDThey, who were introduced by someone, follow a rather traditional value system 74The traditional value system mentioned in the passage refers that_Aparents are concerned about their childrens physical life as well as the spiritual lifeBmost couples were introduced by someone and made dating for a long timeConce begun, double single-child couplesmarriage will last foreverDthe couples think that compromise and tolerance are necessary in their marriage75According to the passage, we can learn that _ is necessary in marriageAwealth Bhealth Cunderstanding Deducation71A考查主旨要义。文章首段就点明了文章的论点-让父母为他们照顾孩子，下文就围绕这一论点具体展开论述。72B考查细节理解。文章第五段可知这些独生子女的父母更多地关心他们的物质生活，而不是他们的态度和价值观，这里的态度和价值观当然包括他们的学习观和教育观，故B项表述错误，符合题意。其他选项文中均有表述。73B考查细节理解。文章第四段提到他们都是独生子女，很依赖他们的父母。74D考查判断推理。由文章最后一段可知，传统价值观念包括：夫妇双方都有一定的妥协和容忍。由第五段可以排除A项; 由第七段可以排除B项; C项文中没有提到。75C考查判断推理。最后一段中 “652 percent of the husbands and 629 percent of the wives think that compromiseand toleranceare necessary in their marriage”的compromise (妥协)and tolerance(宽容), 也可以理解成 “谅解”, 故C项为正确答案。A、B、D三项文中也有涉及，但都不是婚姻必不可少的因素。*结束阅读细节理解篇*2017*江苏省高考一模词数：285 体裁：说明文 难度：3Facing the threat of the Internet, the traditional newspaper is thinking about what it can do to meet the challenge. To make teens get into the habit of reading, the French government is considering what kind of efforts it should pursue. It seems that the two questions have nothing to do with each other, but a recent announcement made by French President Nicolas Sarkozy has connected these two issues together. The announcement gives an answer to both of them. . President Nicolas Sarkozy announced a rescue plan for France s ailing print media, including measures to save printing and distribution costs. The plan also gives French teenagers a surprise as their 18-year-old birthday gift: France will offer all 18-year-olds a free daily copy of the newspaper of their choice. The habit of reading the press should start at a very young age, Sarkozy said, presenting the conclusion after talking to a group of journalists and officials in Paris. The President said the newspapers themselves would provide free copies for 18-year-olds, while the state would cover the cost of delivering them to many thousands of homes. The plan is an attempt to introduce teenagers, who frequently only get their news online, to the delights of the printed world. A similar idea has been tested by LOuest-France (法兰西部报) over the past few years. It offered some 18 to 24-year-olds a free paper once a week for a year. L Ouest-France reported that 15% of young people wanted to continue with a paid subscription after the year was over. People in France welcomed the plan which should get more kids interested in current affairs and make reading be a pastime, as well as rescue the newspaper industry.63. What does the underlined word ailing (in Paragraph 2) probably mean? A. newly established B. in difficult situations C. most popular D. warm-hearted63B考查词义猜测。该段说法国总统萨科奇宣布救援计划，以挽救“处于困境中的”印刷媒体。由此判断其含义是B。64. It can be inferred from the passage that . A. the government will pay for the delivery of newspapers to 18 -year-olds B. the government will buy newspapers for 18-year-olds for one day C. some of the government