中考英语写作指导.doc

中考英语写作指导一 备考建议：（一） 掌握字母大小写规律和正确运用英语标点符号（二） 掌握基本的词汇知识，加强英语词汇的记忆和理解（三） 掌握简单句的五个基本句型结构1 主语+不及物动词e.g. We often play together. I get up at six in the morning every day.2 主语+及物动词+宾语e.g. I like English grammar. He wants to take these books to the classroom.3 主语+连系动词+表语e.g. I am a student. My job is to play basketball. Her face turned red. 4 主语+谓语动词+双宾语e.g. I gave him some money. Ill tell you a story. Could you hand me the book?5 主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语e.g. We made him monitor of our class. We must keep our classroom clean. I heard her singing in the next room.几乎所有英语句型都是这五种基本句型的扩大、延伸或变化。英语中两句单句连接，必须有连词。常见的并列连词有and, but, or, so；常见的状语从句的连词有：1 表时间when, while, as, since, until, before, after, as soon as2 表条件 if, unless3 表原因 because, now that, since4 表转折 though, although5 表目的 so that6 表结果 sothat（四） 多读多背，增加语言输入和积累，克服“中文式英语、句子结构不正确、用词欠考虑”。（五） 进行形式多元化的写作训练二 解题方法：（一） 写作前：认真审题，明确题目要求，注意文体（记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文）、主题、人称（主谓一致）、时态（时态呼应）2根据所提示信息勾勒出文章的整体框架，注意逻辑顺序（二） 写作中：1 切题，题目要求的内容应全部包括进去，保证内容的完整性2 与要求无关的内容切忌无目标的发挥，画蛇添足3 语法正确，英语文章首先重视主谓宾的表达，语句流畅，句子表达形式多样化。4 扩句，把最简单的句子加上适当的形容词和副词，使句子加长，内容更丰富5 遇到想不起来的单词或句型，可采用同义词、近义词以及同义句型来替代6 符合英语习惯，切忌中文腹稿，再逐字译成英语；要克服汉语干扰，选用自己最熟悉、最有把握的词语和句型写出地道的英语文章。7 注意连词和过渡句：a. 表列举和顺序关系：first, second, third, next, then, finally, after that, on one handon the other hand（一方面 另一方面）, last but not least（最后但同样重要的）, first of all, in the first place, in the second place, to begin with my view, to end with my opinion, my reasons are as follows, as soon asb. 表解释和说明: for example, such as, that is, in other words, and so onc. 表增补和引申：and, also, besides, in addition, whats more, d. 表转折：but, however, though, although, on the other hand, instead, but at the same time, unlesse. 表对比：the same as, have sth. in common with, compare with, be different from, as much asf. 表因果：because, since, as, for, so, as a result, because of, for this/that reason, thanks to, in this way（这样） g. 表空间顺序：above, below, on the left/right, in front of, in the middle of, in the center of, around, beside, across, opposite, next to, fromto, underh. 表概括和总结：in a word, in this way, in short, on the whole, that is to say（三） 写作后：整体检查三备考演练：（一）经典句型1. It is important for students to get along with each other.2. I think it is necessary to learn to use the computer because it is used everywhere in our modern life.3. You happened to be out when I called on you.4. Whenever I have a problem, my friends will give me a helping hand.5. Whenever people get into trouble/difficulties, they often ask her for help.6. Whenever someone is absent from school because of illness, he will go to his house to help him with the missed lessons.7. Im looking forward to hearing from you.8. The meeting will be put off until next morning.9. The report will begin at 9:00 in the morning on Tuesday, March, 20th.10. As we all know, plants and animals need water.11. From the story, I have learned that we should believe in ourselves and be confident in our future.12. After that, I made up my mind to try my best to study hard.13. He thinks traveling can make him know more about the world.14. She expects me to work hard at my lessons and be a useful person in the future.15. What a terrible week he spent!16. I think reading some books or learning something useful in the free time is interesting.17. After we finished our work, we were happy to see the young trees we had planted on the river bank.18. The more time we spend on studies, the greater success we will achieve.19. I love to go to our school library, because the books are very interesting and can widen my knowledge.20. On the other hand, TV also has disadvantages.21. TV plays an important role in our daily lives.22. What an unhappy day!（二）高分诀窍 1改变句子开头方式不要总是以主语开头，可以运用祈使句、感叹句、反意疑问句、倒装句、并列句、复合句、it做形式主语的句型开头，或以提出一个问题、引用名言、举出一个实例或现象等开头It is clear that computers are important in our daily lives.Lucy is a good student, so is Lily.What bad weather we are having recently!I like reading in my free time. Do you know why I take up this hobby?As the saying goes, “Time is money.” Yes, its indeed the case. But in my opinion, time is more valuable than money.Now a lot of students go to school in a hurry so that thy have no time to have breakfast. But not having breakfast will be harmful to their health and their study.Nowadays, more and more advertisements appear on newspapers, broadcasts, magazines as well as streets. People have different views on advertisements. 2把简单句变为并列句或复合句 正式誊写前应打草稿，把要表达的语句详尽列出后，仔细推敲哪些句子是可以用适当的并列连词或复合连词把它们连成复句的。 You can make friends in Shanghai. They are friendly and helpful. You can make friends in Shanghai because they are friendly and helpful. You can make friends who are friendly and helpful in Shanghai. 3运用非谓语动词Its good for you to have a rest.（作主语）Its kind of you to help me.（作主语）I want to get something interesting to read.（作定语）I havent decided when to leave for Tibet.（疑问词+不定式作宾语）He went home (in order /so as) to see his mother.（作目的状语）It takes him half an hour a day to go jogging every day.（作主语）Im sure he would love to come to supper with us.Shed like you to go to a movie with you.Hes old enough to go to school.We are never too old to learn.He used to be a cook. 4表达方式应多样，避免重复句式太多The Internet has made our life more colorful.Our life has become more colorful as the result of the Internet.It is the Internet that has made our life more interesting.（强调句） 5文章的中间部分要用具体的事实、数据、细节来进一步解释中心思想，切忌泛泛空谈。结尾段有概括全文内容，进一步强调或肯定文章的中心思想，升华主题的作用。四分类突破（一）写人 方法：1对人物的肖像、言行、心理活动进行描写 选择一个角度，通过对某些事情的叙述，更加生动地描写人物总结自己对人物的评价、情感等 描绘人物外貌词汇：good-looking, pretty, lovely, overweight, slim. middle-aged, fit, wear glasses, always smile 描绘人物性格词汇：brave, self-confident, honest, patient, easy-going, outgoing, energetic, forgetful, generous, hardworking, helpful, humourous, optimistic, punctual, talented, good-tempered, straightforward, considerate, warm-hearted1. He is thirteen years old. / He is a boy of thirteen. / He is a thirteen-year-old boy. / He is a boy aged thirteen.2. She is tall and slim with dark hair.3. Although she is about forty years old, she still looks very young.4. He is of average height.5. He used to be a driver, but now he works as an engineer in a modern car factory.6. Although he is strict with me, he is kind and understanding. (helpful, patient, brave, clever, kind, polite, honest, friendly, forgetful, talkative, warm-hearted, easy-going, diligent)7. He is full of energy, so he always takes an active part in sports.8. He often helps me a lot with my study and tells me how to be a good student.9. When I have some difficulties in my study, he always gives me a helping hand.10. She is quite knowledgeable and she is such an excellent teacher that we got a lot from her.11. With his help, we make great progress in study.12. She never scolds us when we make mistakes.13. We all like her very much.14. When Im in trouble, she always encourages me to face my difficulties and gives me good advice.15. I dream of becoming a scientist when I grow up.16. Im very glad to have such a happy and warm family.17. I feel very proud of my father for his success.18. My hobbies include listening to popular music and collecting stamps.（二）记事 方法：1交代清楚时间、地点和人物，一般用过去式详细描述事情发生的经过和结果发表对此事的看法和感受 各式开头：1. I once had an experience2. It was the most unforgettable experience that has ever happened in my life.3. The most unforgettable experience in my memory was one day my classmates and I went to the park.4. I will never forget the military training.5. There are a lot of memories in my heart that I cant forget. When I was ten years old, I travelled by plane with my parents.6. As we all know, everyone has something special in his life. I think I will never forget my 14th birthday because on that day 7. I think my childhood was wonderful, because it taught me to be 8. Whenever I open the book full of photos, I always look back when I 9. I still remember the most valuable time that I have ever had. 10. Everyone has a different childhood. It may be wonderful, exciting or hard. I have a childhood. 你的感受：1. I think this is the most unforgettable experience in my memory.2. On that day, I began to feel that I have the duty for my life. And I must be stronger.3. I felt that I was growing up, and I should be responsible for myself.4. How exciting and unforgettable the experience was!5. Its really an important day to me and Ill learn to beall the time.6. Childhood is a precious memory without pressure, competition and lots of homework.7. From this experience, I learnt that I should be careful. If I am careless, I will lose a lot of chances.(My example of learning by experience)Last Friday afternoon, my classmates and I were playing football in the neighbourhood. All of us were happy and excited. Suddenly I kicked the ball hard and it happened to break the window of a house. My classmates were so frightened that they ran away at once. I hesitated a moment and said to myself, “The teacher always tells us to be honest.” So I decided to apologize to the owner. To my surprise, the owner was not angry. He told me to be careful next time. In this way, I learn that the most important thing is to be honest.(strong will)Last week, I failed in the maths test. I was very sad, but my parents encouraged me not to lose heart. They told me a famous saying: Nothing is difficult to the man who will try. So I made up my mind to catch up with my classmates. I listened to the teacher attentively in class and after class, I would ask the teacher if I had any questions. In the evening, I did my homework carefully and went over my lessons. In this way, I made great progress. I made full marks in the following test. In this way, I learn that everyone will succeed if he/she tries his/her best.(A Trip to Beijing)This winter holiday I went on a trip to Beijing with my parents. In the capital of China, we visited a lot of interesting places such as the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, Tianan Men Square and the Palace Museum. All of these places of historical interest showed the wisdom of the Chinese people. I was glad to find that Beijing was really the center of Chinese culture. I hope that one day I will visit Beijing again.(Charity activity) (help others)A terrible earthquake hit Jiujiang on November 26, 2005. Lots of villages were destroyed and thousands of houses fell into pieces. Worse still, more than 10 people lost their lives in the earthquake. As soon as we heard the bad news, we held a class meeting to call on the students to help the homeless. As we all know, he gives twice who gives quickly. After the meeting, 1000 yuan was collected and sent to the area. We know that we cant stop many natural disasters, but we can do our best to help.（三）议论文 方法：1提出论点，即对议论的问题所持的看法。论点在文章的开头、中间、结尾都行。论据可以是事例，也可以是理论，还可以从辩驳相反的观点来加强自己论点的正确性使用有辩论、推理等含义的连接词。常用的有：since, now that, therefore, in that case(How to be a good learner)As a good learner, we should have habits and ways in learning. We need to get ready for our lessons before class and always listen attentively in class. After class, we must go over the lessons and finish our homework on time. Its good to study in groups and help each other. As a student, working hard is important, but dont forget to do sports and keep healthy. Whats more, We should do more reading in our free time. If we have any problems, wed better ask others for help.I hope all these will be helpful to us.（Fighting Pollution）There are many kinds of pollution in the world. Water pollution and air pollution are the most serious of them. They are not only harmful to peoples health but also bad for animals and plants. So we must fight pollution. Factories must now clean their water before they throw it away. They cant let out dirty smoke into the air, either. Everyone must help to fight pollution so as to keep our country clean and make it more beautiful. （How to manage money） As we all know, saving is getting. So its important for kids to learn how to manage money. We should make a budget when we get an allowance. We shouldnt buy whatever we like. We should first decide which things are really necessary. We ought not to waste money on something unnecessary, so wed better plan what to buy before we going shopping. Besides, we shouldnt spend all our pocket money. We should save as much as possible for urgent needs. （Honesty）Honesty is the best policy. I think the most important quality in a person is to be honest. First of all, we should not tell lies when we do something wrong. We should tell the truth and correct it after that. Second, when we make promises, we should always try our best to keep them. Whats more, we mustnt cheat in tests or exams. We should achieve good marks through hard work. Finally, if my friend has some weak points, I will point them out and help him/her to correct them. In one word, be honest rather than clever.(Learn to have a talk with parents)Are you the only child in the family? If so, you are the most important in the family. Father and mother love you and they are willing to do anything for you. But a lot of middle school students have a problem. They dont get on well with their father or mother.Do you and your parents also have problems? Well, why dont you take a walk and have a talk with your parents on Saturday? Of course, lots of kids feel unhappy, but you and your parents will be much happier if you can be friends. Here are some ways to a good talk with your parents:1. Find a good time to talk, like when youre eating dinner, going out for a walk or watching.2. Tell them something youre interested in, or ask them about their lives when they were young. They love to talk about that!3. Listen to them carefully, and look them in the eye.4. Be honest. Your parents will believe you more.If you do like these, you will have a happy family life.五使用谚语，使文章更精彩（一）Keep healthy 1. After supper walk a mile.饭后百步，延年益寿 2. Light supper makes long life.晚餐少吃人长寿 3. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.只工作不玩耍，聪明的孩子也变傻 4. An apple a day keeps the doctor away.每日一个苹果，医生远离你 5. A merry heart makes good medicine.好心情抵良药（二）Strong will 1. Great hopes make great man.伟大的希望造就伟大的人物 2. Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母 3. The important thing in life is to have a great aim, and the determination to attain it.人生重要的在于确立一个伟大的目标，并决心使其实现 4. While there is life, there is hope.生活充满了希望 5. Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.没有目标的生活如同没有罗盘的航行 6. Never do things by halves.不要半途而废 7. No way is impossible to courage.勇者面前无路不通 8. Little by little and bit by bit.坚持就是胜利 9. To strive, to seek, to find, and not to yield.奋斗，探索，发现，而永不放弃 10. Victory wont come to me unless I go to it.胜利不会来到你面前，除非你走向它 11. Success grows out struggle to overcome difficu