2016秋八年级英语上册期中复习资料整理.doc

2016秋八年级英语上册期中复习资料整理 2016秋八年级英语上册期中复习资料整理a. 词汇包：1.remain (v.) 保持;剩余;残余remain意为“停留，留下”，相当于stay。“呆在那里”可以说remain / stay there，但“呆在家里”只能说stay (at) home。【备课例句】She remains in the house all these days. 她这些天一直呆在那栋房子里。They all wished us to remain. 他们都希望我们留下来。【横向辐射】remain作连系动词remain用作连系动词，意为“保持(某种状态)，继续存在，仍旧是”，后面接形容词，名词，分词，不定式或介词短语。【例句】She remained sitting when they came in.他们进来时，她仍然坐着(没有站起来)。Peter became a manager but John remained a worker.彼得当上了经理,但约翰仍然是一个工人。Whatever great progress you have made, you should remain modest.无论你取得了多么大的进步,你都应一直保持谦虚。This remains to be proved. 这有待证实。(将来被动动作)Whether it will do us good remains to be seen. 这是否对我们有好处,还要看一看。【课堂变式】The leaves _in the water for a long time.A. came B. remained C. lived D. arrived【解析】根据for a long time可知是指树叶在水中停留了很长时间，正确答案是B。2. by accident偶然地;意外地【备课例句】He made this mistake by accident.他犯这个错误纯属偶然。【课堂变式】She found her keys _when she cleaned her room after she lost them two weeks ago.A. with mistake B. in this way C. by accident D. with pleasure【解析】由when she cleaned her room after she lost them two weeks ago可知她是偶然地找到了她丢失的钥匙，正确答案是C。b. 句式包：1. In England, tea didnt appear until around 1660.在英国，茶直到1660年才出现。此句是由until引导的时间状语从句。not. until 意为“只到才”。【备课例句】She didnt leave until I felt better.只到我感觉好点了，她才离开。【横向辐射】until的用法until常用作介词或连词，用来引导介词短语或从句在句子中作时间状语。1. 在肯定句中，until与延续性、持续性动词连用，表示“直到为止”。I worked until late in the afternoon. 我一直干到下午很晚的时候。2. 在否定句中，until常与瞬间动词、短暂性动词连用，表示“直到才”，“不到不”。The rain didnt stop until midnight. 雨直到半夜才停。I wont leave until you promise to help me. 你不答应帮助我，我不会离开。【课堂变式】How was your climbing Mount. Huang?I didnt believe I could do it _I got to the top.A. until B. while C. after D. and【解析】考查连词用法。notuntil直到才。根据句意“直到我爬到山顶我才相信我能做到”可知选A。Section B(1a 1e)a. 词汇包：by mistake 错误地by mistake 是介词短语，意为“错误地;无意地;不小心地”，指由于错误的判断而千百万的失误，常在句中作状语。【备课例句】I took your bag instead of mine by mistake. 我错拿了你的手提包，还以为是我的呢。Susan forgot her key and locked herself out by mistake. 苏珊忘了带钥匙，误把自己关在门外了。【横向辐射】mistake.formistake.for把错认为, 错把当作She mistook him for the professor.她把他错当作教授了。【课堂变式】Im sorry Ive taken your dictionary _ because they have the same colour.It doesnt matter.A. at once B. by mistake C. in general D. as well【解析】由because they have the same colour可知是错拿了词典，正确答案是B。b. 句式包：1.George wanted to make the customer happy. 乔治想让顾客开心。句中的make意为“使得”，happy是形容词，作宾语you的补足语，对宾语起补充说明作用，常用的结构为“make+名词/代词+形容词”。【备课例句】The bad news makes her sad. 那个坏消息使得她伤心不已。A boy broke the window. It made the headmaster angry.一个孩子打碎了玻璃。这使得校长很生气。【温馨提示】当宾语是不定式短语或从句时，多用it作形式宾语。I made it a condition that everybody must be on time. 我提出一个条件，人人都要准时。The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out. 大雨使得我们无法出去。【横向辐射】make的其他相关句式1.“make+宾语+n”意为使/让某人 / 某物(成为)”。【例句】We made him captain of our football team. 我们推选他作我们足球队队长。We made him our monitor. 我们选他当班长。2.“make+宾语+do sth”意为“使某人做某事”。 在被动语态中，此类结构中省略的动词不定式 to 要还原。【例句】Our teacher makes us feel more confident. 老师使得我们感到更自信了。The boy was made to work twelve hours a day. 这个男孩被迫每天干十二个小时的活。【课堂变式】What do you think her ?A. make; sad B. makes; sadly C. made; sad D. made; sadly【解析】what 作主语时，谓语动词要用第三要称单数形式，可排除A。再根据“make + sb. / sth. + adj.”确定选C。sadly是副词形式。factory 原文再现And in some places, pollution from factories spreads over cities and villages. 在一些地方，来自工厂的污染遍布到城市和村庄。 基本用法factory n. 制造厂;工厂，其复数形式为factories。如： He works in a factory. 他在一家工厂工作。pollute 原文再现If the rivers are polluted, farmers cant use the water for their crops. 如果河流被污染了，农民们就不能使用它们浇灌他们的庄稼了。 基本用法pollute v. 污染(过去式：polluted 过去分词：polluted 现在分词：polluting 第三人称单数：pollutes) We should not pollute our rivers with waste. 我们不应该让废弃物污染我们的河川。 知识拓展-相关单词pollution n. 污染;污染物。如： Man is fighting a battle against pollution. 人类正在与污染作斗争。recycle 原文再现At a green school, every class collects waste which can be recycled or used again. 在一所绿色的校园里，每个班级收集可以被回收或再次使用的废物或垃圾。 基本用法1. recycle v. 回收利用;再使用(废品)，它是由前缀re- +动词cycle构成。(过去式：recycled 过去分词：recycled 现在分词：recycling