2013中考英语作文必备 - 副本.doc

第 21 页 共 21 页 如何写好英语作文书面表达是对学生在初中阶段英语学习的综合考查，涉及篇章结构、句子构成、短语使用和单词拼写等多方面内容，以下就中考书面表达的写作方法和注意事项进行指导：1、 认真审题，确定时态人称，同时关注题材格式1. 动笔之前，认真审题认真审题，看到考题后，先不要急于动笔，要仔细看清题目要求的内容。在自己的头脑中构思出一个框架或画面，确定短文的中心思想，不要匆匆下笔，看懂题意，根据图画、图表、提纲或短文提供的资料和信息来审题。审题要审格式、体裁、人物关系、故事情节、主体时态、活动时间、地点等。2. 围绕中心，拟定提纲书面表达评分原则有四条：（1）内容要点；（2）运用词汇和结构的数量；（3）运用语法结构和词汇的准确性；（4）上下文的连贯性。3. 语言通顺，表达准确（1） 避免使用汉语式英语，尽量使用自己熟悉的句型（简单句）。（2） 注意语法、句法知识的灵活掌握。 时态：故事性文章一般用过去时，其中表达感受时可用现在时。 说明性或议论性文章一般用现在时，举例时可用过去时。 根据题目要求也会出现时态的交错使用，如过去和现在的对比等。如果句中出现了时间状语，时态则要遵循时间状语。如ago，last过去时next，in将来时等人称：注意在句子中人称的统一。主语的人称和数要与谓语一致。例如：Thanks to the teachers, we have improved our English.其中we和our就是人称的统一。格式：注意人称的主格与宾格，书信格式的开头和结尾。符号：标点符号特别注意汉英的不同，例如： 汉语 英语 A. 句号 。 . B. 省略号 C. 顿号 、 无(4) 描写人物时，要生动具体，例如：1) 外表特征：tall, short, fat, thin, strong, weak, ordinary-looking 等。2) 服饰颜色：red, yellow, blue, white, green, brown, black 等。3) 内心境界：glad, happy, sad, excited, anxious, interested 等。4) 感情描写：love, like, hate, feel, laugh, cry, smile, shout 等。5) 动作描写：come, go, get, have, take, bring, fetch 等。二、找全信息点，紧扣主题，突出重点切忌只看表格中或所列1、2、3中的信息点。一定把题读全，找齐信息点，建议用铅笔标出，写完后再涂掉。根据题目，可适当增加合理内容。特别注意文章要有开头和结尾。三、成文时表述正确，文字流畅切忌与汉语提示的一一对应，使用所学表达方法将语义表达出来即可。首先考虑句子结构(如主谓宾，主系表等)。同时注意短语的正确使用和单词的拼写，最好使用课本上学过的短语和句式。四、文章结构清晰，重点句型出彩，可使文章在得分上提高一个档次考虑文章的篇章结构，使用适当的连接短语，使文章结构紧凑。常用连接词：1.表文章结构顺序：First of all，Firstly/First，Secondly/SecondAnd then，Finally，In the end，At last2.表并列补充关系的：What is more，Besides，Moreover，Furthermore，In addition3.表转折对比关系的：However，On the contrary，but，Although +clause( 从句)，In spite of +n/doingOn the one handOn the other handSome，while others4.表因果关系的：Because，As，So，Thus，Therefore，As a result5.表换一种方式表达：In other words6.表进行举例说明：For example，+句子；For instance，+句子; such as +n/doing7.表陈述事实：In fact8.表达自己观点：As far as I know，In my opinion9.表总结：In short，In a word，In conclusion，In summary文中正确使用两三个好的句型，如：宾语从句、状语从句、动名词做主语等。宾语从句举例：I believe Tianjin will be more beautiful and prosperous.状语从句举例：If everyone does something for the environment, our hometown will become clean and beautiful.动名词做主语举例：Reading books in the sun is bad for our eyes. Its bad for our eyes to read books in the sun.常用状语从句句型：1)时间when，notuntil，as soon as2)目的so that +clause ;to do( 为了)3)结果sothat +clause，tooto do(太以至于)4)条件if，unless(除非)，as long as(只要)5)让步though，although，even though，even ifno matter what/when/where/who/which/how6)比较asas，not soas，than五、认真检查，检查信息点是否全面，时态、人称是否一致，句子结构是否清晰，短语使用、单词拼写是否准确等。检查后，将草稿誊写在纸上，请注意按结构分段，书写清晰。下面列举一些在检查中可发现的错误：1.We live more and more comfortable.改正：comfortably(副词修饰动词)2.we can get many in formations by reading newspapers.改正：much information(不可数名词由much修饰)3.There has many programs in TV.改正：There are many programs on TV.(There be句型和介词短语)4.I think ride a bike can keep our health.改正：I think riding a bike can keep us healthy.(动名词作主语)（一）小词大用汉语中有些语意看来很复杂很文雅，但在英语中可用一些常用词表达。下面这些词可能在你的书面表达中很有用：take, have, get, make, come, go, do, see, show, happy, nice, kind, help 等。（二）借花献佛有时书面表达中需要的单词或词组或许在试卷中的其他地方出现。因为刚刚做过题，记忆犹新，那么就可信手拈来，为我所用。（三）锦上添花，量力而行如果你还有时间和精力，想把书面表达写得更好，那么，请注意以下几点：(1) 句型多样化，不要I（We）到底，使人觉得乏味。(2) 适当使用一些并列句或主从复合句。(3) 进一步描绘人或事物时，适当使用定语从句。(4) 适当使用分词或分词短语，烘托谓语动词。(5) 偶尔使用一下倒装句，增加新鲜感。(6) 适当调换一下状语在句子中的位置，使句子不雷同。(7) 上下句子紧接时，其中完全相同的成分可以省略，以节省篇幅。（四）书写工整，卷面整洁字迹要清晰，让阅卷人看得清楚，不可字迹潦草，难以辨认，要保持卷面的整洁。（五）写完之后，勿忘检查中考作文时，由于时间紧、内容多，同学们出错在所难免。因此，改错这一环节必不可少。中考作文评卷是根据要点、语言准确性、上下文的连贯性来给分，根据错误多少来扣分。因此，中考时花几分钟时间用来检查错误显得尤为重要。检查错误应从以下几个方面入手：(1) 格式是否有错。(2) 拼写有无错误。(3) 语言是否用错。(4) 时态、语态错误。(5) 标点错误。(6) 人称是否用错。英语总复习专题【分类话题书面表达】健康问题（热点）健康问题是中考常考的话题，出题形式多样，有必要下苦功掌握。典型例句1. It is very important to keep healthy。2. How can we keep healthy?3. We cant go to sleep too late. We cant get up too late。4. We should eat the food healthly。5. We should do more exercise。6. Last Tuesday I got a cold and had a pain in my head。7. I didnt feel like eating anything。8. I decided to see the doctor。9. In the doctors office, the doctor looks over me carefully。10. He said: Nothing serious. And he told me to take a rest and drink more water。11. A nurse gave me an injection. It was a little painful。12. The doctor asked me to take the medicine three times a day。13. A few days later, I felt better. From then on I believe that keeping healthy is the most important thing in the world。例文1.健康的生活习惯对于成长中的我们是非常重要的。你认为健康的生活习惯应当是怎样的呢？请根据下面的信息提示，写一篇短文，首句已给出。信息提示：健康饮食。 .早睡早起,不熬夜。 .参加运动,强身健体。要求:根据信息提示,把握要点,适当发挥,不逐字翻译。字数在80词左右。【参考范文】 I think healthy habits are very important for us. As we know, we must have enough food to keep us healthy. Breakfast is necessary. It gives us energy for the morning. We must also have the right kind of food. Remember to eat more fruit and vegetables but less junk food. Dont forget to wash your hands before meals. Staying up late at night is bad for our health. If we cant get enough sleep. We may have a headache. We should go to bed early. Of course its necessary for us to take exercise. Exercise will keep us active and strong.3、根据中英文提示，写出内容完整、意思连贯、符合逻辑的稿件。（字数不少于60词，英文提示词供选用） 有些学生不爱吃学校的午饭，常到校外去吃他们所喜欢吃的食物。但有些食物并不利于他们的身体健康。“英语角”打算针对这个问题展开讨论。请你准备一篇讨论稿，谈谈你的看法和建议。 参考词汇：not like, go out of school, be afraid, be back, more delicious, offer 范文：We know that some of our students do not like eating lunch at school because the food isnt delicious. So they often go out of school to buy something they like to eat. But Im afraid its bad for their health to eat lunch outside because some of the food they buy isnt healthy enough. In my opinion, if our schools want more students to be back and enjoy lunch inside, they should make the food more delicious, and also they should offer our students a larger choice of food as well.关于环境保护问题（热点）环境保护问题是中考热门话题，出现频率高，难度较大，必须掌握。典型句子1.Itsourdutytosavewater2.Asweknow,waterisveryimportanttoman,3. Wecantlivewithoutwater.4. Theamountofwaterwhichissuitabletodrinkislessandless.5. Butsomepeopledontcareaboutit.6. Manyriversandlakesareseriouslypolluted. Somethingmustbedonetostopthepollution.7. Its our duty to protect our environment。8. It is very important to take care of our environment9. We should not throw litter onto the ground10. We should not spit in a public place/cut down the trees11. We should plant more flowers and trees。12. We must pick up some rubbish and throw it into a dustbin13. If everyone makes contribution to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful。15. Treesareveryhelpfulandimportantforus.17. Weshouldplantmoreandmoretreesinordertolivebetterandhealthierinthefuture. Itseveryonesdutytoloveandprotecttheenvironment.例文1 、 6月5日( June 5)是世界环境保护日， 我们周围的环境变得越来越糟糕，污染越来越严重。假如你是学生Jone，你校要进行“如何保护我们的环境?”专题演讲比赛，要求：1、 举例说明环境存在的问题13方面;2、如何保护好我们的环境，采取怎样的措施，举例13方面进行说明，字数80左右。Dear headmasters, teachers, classmates and friends,Im very proud that I have chosen to speak to you all today, Im a bit nervous as Ive never made a speech before to so many people ,so please forgive me if it shows.As we all know, the environment around us is getting worse and worse .In some places we cant see fish swimming in the river or trees on the hills. Some people even have no clean water to drink. So I think we must do something to protect the environment. .But what can we do? How to protect our environment? For example, we can go to school on foot or by bike . we can use shopping baskets not plastic bags .when we go shopping and we can use both sides of the paper when we write .In a word ,if everyone pays more attention to our environment ,there will be less pollution and our life will be better. There is only one earth. I hope everyone will protect our environment well. Thanks!2、保护环境( 四川乐山) 从2008年6月1日起，国家将禁止商家免费提供塑料袋，掀起全国“拒塑”的环保运动。假如你是李华，准备以“What Can We Do for the Environment” 为题，写一篇保护环境的英语演讲稿。内容包含：1.在购物时用布袋子替代塑料袋； 2.尽可能地再利用使用过的课本； 3.离开教室应关灯；4.最好走路或骑自行车上学； 5.简述理由：保护环境，减少污染，节约能源等注意：1.词数：80词左右。开头和结尾已经为你写好，不计入总词数；2.可根据要点适当增加细节，使行文连贯； 3.文章中不能出现真实姓名和校名，否则以零分处理。 4.参考词汇：布袋子cloth bag塑料袋plastic bag保护protect能源energy污染pollution课本textbook参考作文： What Can We Do for the Environment? Hello, everyone. Im Li Hua. Its nice to speak about what we can do for the environment, and I think each of us can do a little bit to help with this problem. The first thing we can do is to use cloth bags in stead of plastic bags when we go shopping. It helps to protect the environment. The second thing we can do is to reuse the old textbooks as possible we can. We should also never forget to turn off the lights when we leave the classrooms in order to save energy. Whats more, it would be better if we walk or ride a bike to school. We should try our best reduce pollution and waste.In fact, even the simplest everyday activities can make a real difference to the environment. I believe we can make the world a better place to live in. Thank you for your listening!3.环境问题：今天环境变得越来越糟糕,环境问题影响着人们的工作,学习,生活等,而我们的工作,生活,生产等又使环境污染越来越严重.,如何保护我们的环境?请以“ How to protect/save our environment/world? ”为题写一篇短文。提示:存在问题:1.水污染越来越严重2.砍伐森林严重 3. 大气污染严重4. 白色垃圾等。要求：如何改善/保护环境?至少:3-4个方面， 80字左右的。 范文： How to protect/save our environment/world? The environmental pollutionis worse and worse /more and more seriouslytoday .Water is polluted, we have nocleanwater todrinkMany trees are cutting down, some animals is getting less and less. Somefactories is poring dirtyair in the sky , the populationis increasing faster and faster ,resources is getting less and lessetc. Not only does it affect our lives and health, it also has a greataffectionin thefuture. Peoples health has been greatly affected by air, noise and water pollution. Many people died of diseases. In order to live a better life, we need protect ourworld.We shouldnt throw away rubbish everywhere.We want to recycle, reduce ,reusethings .Dont waste things. This saves money and reduces pollution. Use things for as long as possible.We dont useplastic bags . We must plant more trees and stop the people cutting them .We hopeour world is more andmore beautiful .语言学习（热点）典型例句1. My favorite subject is English。2. More than three quarters of the information on the Internet is in English。3. It is used by travelers and business people all over the world。4. China has joined the WTO and the Olympic Games will be held in China. English becomes more and more useful。5. So English is very important and I like English very much。6. We have a lot of fun in the English class。7. Our English teacher often makes us happy in the English class。8. I hope I can go abroad one day, and then I can speak to foreigners in English。9. I like English and try my best to learn it。 Ellen看到大家都对自己的未来充满期待，感到特别高兴。为了鼓励大家学好英语，他准备出一期英语学习经验交流专刊。请根据以下问题和答案的提示并结合你的实际情况，以“My English Learning”为题写一篇80词左右的英文稿件，要求至少涉及其中的三个问题，并且不能出现你的真实姓名、校名和县名等。提示：When did you start learning English? (in /years ago)How do you learn English? (listen carefully, study with a group, read English every day)What is difficult to learn? (listening, grammar)What other helpful ways do you know to learn English well? (watch English movies, sing English songs)参考作文：English is one of my best subjects and I started learning English when I was ten years old. But at the very beginning, listening seemed a little difficult for me. So I have been doing a lot of listening practice, such as listening to tapes, watching English TV programs. And I found it really helped a lot. In fact, there are some more helpful ways to learn English well. For example, I enjoy singing English songs and I want to join an English club or find a pen pal from English-speaking countries. I believe that nothing is impossible if you put your heart into it.兴趣与爱好（热点）兴趣爱好是中考常考话题，难度相对较小1、介绍你的兴趣爱好 My Hobby I am a 15-year-old student in junior Grade 3. Though I am occupied with my study, I would like to spend time on my hobbies, such as playing the piano, surfing the Internet. One of my favourite hobby is reading. Reading has been in my life for many years, since I began to learn characters. It can not only kill the time, but also, more important, help improve my comprehension ability. When reading, I can learn a lot. Reading Shakespears works, I know how Hamlet looks like. Reading Scorates, I can see how great ancient Greek philosophers are. Reading Lu Xu, I come back to the old time of China. Reading really affects my life.写人记事篇这是中考出项频率最高的话题，其特点是难度相对较小，学生都有话可写，但掌握一些基本句子和模仿范文对夺取高分非常必要。典型例句1. His name is Jack。2. He was born in London in 1982。3. He is 1.68 meters tall and weighs 52 kilos。4. He is 20 years old。5. He comes from England。6. He is a good ping-pong player。7. He is medium build。8. He has short hair。9. He is outgoing. Every one likes to talk with him. He gets on well with us。10. He teaches English very well。11. He works very hard. He works in No.5 Middle School。12. He loves watching football games after work。13. He often helps me with my English。14. At the age of six, he began to play table tennis。旅游和介绍地方篇（热点）中考高频率话题，出题形式灵活。典型例句1. Last Sunday(Saturday,) ,it was sunny(rainy, windy, foggy,)2. I got up very early (late). After breakfast I went to with my friends by bike, bus，3. We enjoyed ourselves。4. We forgot the time. We didnt come back until 5 oclock。5. We all felt very tired, but we were happy。6. I thought I would never forget this trip。7. Last summer, my parents and I went to Beijing for our holidays。8. We visited a lot of places of interest。9. We had a good time there。10. We bought a lot of things. The clothes here are good and cheap。例文1、请以主人的身份向外国朋友介绍一下北京和北京几个著名的景点。根据以下提示写一篇短文。1.北京是一个历史悠久的城市； 2.北京有许多名胜古迹；3.紫禁城是最受来宾欢迎的景点之一；4.故宫非常漂亮和著名； 5.长城也是非常美丽可去一看的地方 6.天安门广场是一个好去处，可去漫步。注： 字数80左右。 请不要逐字翻译，可适当添加细节，使行文连贯、意思完整、符合逻辑。 参考词汇：紫禁城 The Forbidden City 故宫 The Summer Palace 天安门广场 Tiananmen Square参考作文： Beijing is a city with a long history. There are many places of interest in it. Now let me tell you some of them. The Forbidden City is one of the most popular ones for visitors. It is very big and you can learn much about the history of China from it. The Summer Palace is beautiful and famous, too. The Great Wall is also a wonderful place to go. And Tian anmen Square is a good place for people to take a walk. I hope you will enjoy your staying in Beijing.新生事物评价（热点）这是中考热点，这类文章的特点是写作难度大，因此需要学生掌握方法，和基本句式，以做到考试时心中不乱。典型例句1. Computer is becoming more and more important2 .We should make good use of it.3 .It maybe get in the way of our study.4. We can do lots of things with it5. It makes our life more easy6. Nowadays mobile phones are becoming more and more popular among the middle school students.例文网上购物 Doing Shopping OnlineWith the help of the Internet, shopping is not a difficult job. Just click your mouse to choose the article you like, and the shopping is finished. You neednt step out of the room.It seems easy and quick. But theres always a trap online. If you are careless, it will bring you some trouble. You may find the color of the article is different from what you want, or the size is either too small or too big. If you want to be different, youd better not buy clothes online.Once you put on the clothes you bought online and go out, you will find many people wear the same clothes in the street.梦想和未来篇这是一个老话题，中考常考，难度较小。1.我的梦想是当一名医生(my dream is doctor) I am an ordinary person, I have an ordinary dream: Is a doctor. Because doctor may let these experience personally the human which the indisposition suffers to get rid of the pain. May let the human change the health. At the same time, I believed that, will help others, own also to be able to obtain joyfully. Therefore, I hoped future I might be a doctor.烦恼篇这类作文难度较大，掌握基本句式，背诵范文非常必要。典型例句1.I am sorry to hear that2.you should learn to forget3.you had better4 you should learn to relax5.you can ask your teacher for help例文 假如你是Han Mei, 下面是一封你的笔友Alice 给你发来的e-mail,请你根据e-mail 的内容给她写一封回信，与她交流看法，并帮她排忧解难。提示词语：listen to, mothers love, care about, communicate with, get along with, smile写作要求：1.语句通顺，书写工整；2.可用所给提示词语，也可以适当发挥；3.词数在60-80左右Dear Han Mei, Im afraid Ive got a big problem recently. My mother talks too much to me. She always tells me, Be careful while crossing the street. Put on more clothes. Did you do a good job at school? and so on. Im annoyed(烦恼)。What shall I do? AliceDear Alice,As a teenager, I met the same problem as you. But now I can get along better with my mother. Here are some ideas for you.Your mother talks much, because she cares about you. Maybe its not a good way, but it shows your mothers love. So I think you should listen to her. If your opinions are different from your mothers, you can communicate with her, and tell her what you are thinking about.If your mother doesnt take your advice, just keep silent and give her a smile.I hope what I say here can help you a lot.（一）中考英语作文热点话题及范文-