2017暑假高一升高二学案2高考过去分词汇总及精练.doc

年级：高一升高二 学科：英语 学案编号： 时间：2017年8 月 日 姓名 高考过去分词精讲精练 一 过去分词的构成: 动词原型+-ed即是过去分词，二 过去分词的语法作用： 过去分词一方面具有动词的性质，另一方面也相当于一个形容词或副词，在句中可以作表语、定语、状语和补足语。1 过去分词作表语，主要表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态。如：(1）感到。的，指人时常用过去分词作表语； (2）表示完成的或被动的动作常用过去分词作表语；(3)seated/dressed,hurt/injured/wounded;destroyed/damaged;polluted/broken/lost/gone/left/based固定用过去分词作表语;(4）get+过去分词作表语（get paid/changed/drunk/burnt/lost/hurt/injured/criticized/drowned）。例如：1）Im very interested in the intersting story, so will read it again.2) We cant drink boiling water , but we can drink boiled water.3) Cleaning women in big cities usually get paid by the hour.(NMET1998)4) He is quite pleased with the design of the dress. 她很喜欢那礼服的式样。2. 过去分词做定语：单个的过去分词作定语一般放在名词的前面，相当于一个定语从句。1）感到。的，指人时常用过去分词作定语2）表示完成的或被动的动作常用过去分词作定语；3）过去分词常用表示脸部或表情的名词前作定语(face/eyes/appearance/expression)；4 )seated/dressed,hurt/injuried/wounded;destroyed/damaged;polluted/broken/lost/gone/left/crowded/married/known固定用过去分词作定语。例如：1)I found a lot of moved students, who were deeply moved by the moving film.2)China is still a developing country while Japan is already a developed country. 3)The astonished expression on his face suggested that he know nothing about the matter.4)We need more qualified teachers. 我们需要更多合格的教师。过去分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰的词后面，相当于一个定语从句。如：Is there anything planned for tomorrow? 明天有什么活动吗？The suggestion made by the foreign expert was adopted by the manager.过去分词作定语也可用作非限制性定语，前后用逗号隔开。如：The books, written by Lu Xun, are popular with many Chinese people.The meeting, attended by one thousand students, was a success. 3. 过去分词做状语：过去分词和-ing分词作状语一样，也可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。 表时间，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念.如：Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden. 表原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。如：Deeply moved by the story, the excited people stopped quarrelling with each other. Encouraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle. 表条件，相当于一个条件状语从句，有时过去分词前可用if等词。如：Given another chance, he will do better.再给他一次机会，他会做得更好。Compared with your brother, you should make greater efforts to study English.If heated, water can be turned into steam.水如果被加热，会变成水蒸气。表让步，相当于一个though/although引导的让步状语从句。如：Exhausted by the running, they went on running after the robber.尽管已经跑得筋疲力尽，他们还是继续追赶着那个强盗。Laughed at by many people, he continued his study. 尽管被许多人嘲笑，他还是继续他的研究。表方式或伴随情况。如：The old man went into the room, supported by his wife.Seated at the table, my father and I were talking about my job. 4. 过去分词作补足语：过去分词可以在see, hear, notice, watch, find, get, have, feel, make, leave, keep等词后与一名词或代词构成复合宾语，用作宾语补语。如：When will you go to the hospital and have your tooth examined? 你什么时候去医院检查你的牙齿？When you are making a speech, you should speak louder to make yourself heard.过去分词作宾语补足语(The past participle as the Object Complement)1.see, hear, find ,feel, think, 等表示感觉和心理状态的动词1）He found his hometown greatly changed when he came back from abroad.2）.He once heard the song sung in German3）FrnkLloyd Wright found himself inspired by Japanese seashells.2. make/have/get+sth.+过去分词作宾补，说明宾补的动作不是由主语而是由他人来完成；1) Hes going to have his hair cut. 2)She had her foot injured in the fall.3)When you talk, you have to at least make yourself understood.4)Please keep us informed of the latest developments. ( 请让我们了解最新的发展情况。)3.表示“希望” “要求”等意义的动词：1） He wont like such questions (to be ) discussed at the meeting .2） I want this letter (to be ) typed now. 3）They ordered the film banned.（禁演）三. 非谓语动词的被动式作定语的三种形式：the bridge to be built 将要建造的桥 （表示将来的动作）the bridge being built 正在建造的桥 （表示正在进行的动作）the bridge built 造好的桥 （表示完成的动作）4. 过去分词和ing分词作表语的区别：过去分词作表语通常表示主语所处的状态或感受，而-ing分词作表语多表示主语所具有的特征，如：Hearing the news, we felt very surprised. The news is very surprising. 这个消息很令人惊讶。They were frightened to hear the frightening sound. 他们听到那可怕的声音很害怕。At the sight of the moving scene, all the people present were moved to tears. 英语中这样的分词还有很多，如：amusing, amused; encouraging, encouraged; disappointing, disappointed; exciting, excited; puzzling, puzzled; satisfying, satisfied; worrying, worried; tiring, tired; pleasing, pleased; interesting, interested; astonishing, astonished等。五 .过去分词和ing分词作定语的区别：过去分词作定语和-ing分词作定语有一定的区别。试比较下面几组短语：boiled water开水 boiling water正沸腾的水developed countries发展的国家 developing countries发展中国家fallen leaves落叶 falling leaves 正在飘落的叶子changed condition改变了的情况 changing condition变化着的情况由此可见，过去分词作定语通常表示完成的或被动的动作；而-ing分词作定语可以表示正在进行的主动的动作。六用分词短语作状语时，还应注意在句子主语和分词短语之间不能使用并列连词。如： 误Not knowing what to do，so she asked her friends for advice 正Not knowing what to do，she asked her friends for advice 七、同学们还要注意某些现在分词可用来表示说话人对所说的话所持的看法或态度，它们已变成固定词组，在句中作独立成分，与句子主语无关。这类现在分词常见的有： generally speaking（一般地说），strictly speaking（严格地说），judging from by（从来判断），talking of（说到），considering（考虑到），supposing（假定）等。如： 1) Generally speaking，it is not easy for a for a foreigner to learn Chinese well in a short time 2) Judging from your accent ,you must from HONGKONG.3)Consideringwhat youget,thisisquiteabargain.4)Considering that we needed to get the roof repaired,I think we paid too much for the house5) Supposingheis absent, whatshallwedo?试题选练1. Im going to have my car .A. to be fixed B. to fix C. fixed D. to fix 2. Whats the language in Germany?A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak 3. some officials, Napoleon inspected his army.A. Followed B. Followed by C. Being followed D. having been followed by 4. He had his leg in the match yesterday.A. to break B. broken C. break D. breaking 5. Most of the people to the party were famous scientists.A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. inviting 6. more attention, the trees could have grown better.A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given7. The murderer was brought in, with his hands behind his back.A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied8. The computer center, _ last year, is very popular among the students in this school.A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened9. in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose10. The Olympic Games, in 776BC, didnt include women players until 1912.A. first played B. to be first played C. first playing D. to be first played11. Dont get in the rain.A. to be caught B. catching C. to catch D. caught12. I found a car in a pool by the side of the road.A. to be stuck B. stuck C. sticking D. stick13. -By the way, when did you get your bedroom ? -Last week.A. to paint B. painted C. painting D. to be painted14. The children were found in the cave.A. trapping B. trapped C. to be trapped D. be trapped15. They found a old woman on the ground when the door was broken down.A. dying, lying B. dead, lied C. death, laying D. died, lain16. On a morning the little girl was found at the corner of the street.A. freezing, freezing B. freezing, frozen C. frozen, frozen D. frozen, freezing17. No one enjoys fun of in public.A. making B. being made C. to be made D. to make18. Before he came to London, he had never heard a single English word .A. speaking B. spoken C. to be spoken D. speak19. from space, the earth, with water seventy percent of its surface, looks like a blue ball.A. Seen, covered B. Seen, covering C. Seeing, covering D. Seeing, covered 20. An crowd is awaiting the arrival of the film star.A. excited B. exciting C. excite D. excitedly21The building _ by him is under construction Ato be designed Bdesigned Cbeing designed Dto have designed 22The man _ us at the airport yesterday is going to speak to us tonight Ameeting Bto meet Cwho met Dto be meeting 23Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa Ainvited Bto invite Cbeing invited Dhad been invited 24The accident _ yesterday was caused by carelessness Ahappened Bhaving happened Cwhich happened Dhappening 25 _from the tallest building，the whole city looks very beautiful ASeeing BSee CSaw DSeen 26.I wont have _ such words to your parents.A. say B. to say C. saying D. said27. My hair is too long, so Id like to have it _.A. cut B. to cut C. cutting D. cutted28.When I returned home , I was surprised to find all the windows of my house _.A. open B. to have opened C, opening D. opened29. When Mathilde was on her way home, she suddenly found her necklace _.A. missed B. missing C. losing D. lost30. We were very excited to watch the national flag _ in the blue sky.A. risen B. to be risen C. raising D. rising非谓语动词强化练习一 过去分词做状语：过去分词前可带when, although, while, if, unless等词， 使分词短语与主句关系更清楚。1.When _(open) for business, the hamburger stand was immediately filled with customers.2.Unless _(invite) to speak, you should keep silent at the conference.3.Although _(tell) many times, Tom forgot to buy milk again.4.If _(leave)alone on a desert island, what would you do?比较过去分词与现在分词做状语：判断正误1. Seeing from the hill, the city is beautiful.2. Seen from the hill, the city is beautiful.3. Looking down from the hill, they saw many red roofs. 4. Heating to 100, water boils.5. Heated to 100 , water boils.6. Being hot, we went to have a swim.7. Because it was hot, we went to have a swim.二 过去分词做定语：1.a _ (worry) look2.a _(puzzle) expression3.This is a picture _(paint) by my father.4._(pollute) water is harmful to peoples health. 用非谓语动词改写句子：1. It is a letter which was written in pencil.2. The letter which /that was mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3.The bridge which was built 100 years ago is still in good condition.4. The bridge which will be built next year will be the longest bridge aross the sea in the world.5 . The bridge which is being bulit will connect the two villages.6. The teachers are talking about the problem which /that was discussed at the meeting . 三：用现在分词或者过去分词改写下面的句子1. When he was left alone, the boy began to cry.2.Kroc was impressed by the cleanliness, service and food, so he looked up at the name over the hamburger stand.3.Although it was started six years earlier, in 1948, McDonalds was still a small business.4.Though I admit what you say, I still think you should meet him.5. As I didnt know her address, I could not write to her.四Exercise: choose the best answers1.When _ help, one often says “Thank you.” or “Its kind of you.” A. offering B. to offer C. to be offered D. offered2._ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police. A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing3.Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company,_as 3M. A. knowing B. known C. being known D. to be known4._ the program, they have to stay there for another two weeks. A. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not completed5.Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of this year,_ a record US$57.65. A. have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reaching6._ his books and clothes into a trunk, he came downstairs. A. Packed B. Having packed C. Being packed D. Packing7._ long ago, the letter was illegible. A. Written B. Having written C. To have been written D. Be written8._ much education, the poor woman wasnt able to find a good job. A. Having not had B. Not having had C. Having not D. Not had9._, it should never be pointed at anyone. A. When carrying a gun B. Carried a gun C. With a gun carrying D. When you carry a gun.10.When _ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. A. compared B. being compared C. comparing D. having compared11. _ enough time, they finished their work better than expected. A. Giving B. Given C. Being given D. Give12. The palace, _ down in 1485, was never rebuilt. A. burnt B. having burnt C. to be burnt D. burning13. _ some of this juice- perhaps youll like it. A. Trying B. Try C. To try D. Have tried14. Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited15. Having been attacked by terrorists, _. A. doctors came to their rescue B. the tall building collapsed C. an emergency measure was taken D. warning were given to tourists16._ with video tape-recorders, MP3 players _ far better.A.Compared sell B. To compare.will sellC. Comparingis sold D. Being comparedsell17. _ the host call her name, her heart started to beat fiercely(猛烈地).A .Hearing B When hearing C Heard D When she heard18. After _ , our school took on a new look.A. redecorating B being re