中考代词专项讲解及练习人教版.doc

代词代词的八种形式：1.人称代词 Personal Pronoun 2. 物主代词 Possessive Pronoun3. 反身代词 Reflexive Pronoun 4. 不定代词 Indefinite Pronoun词类1名词 n.表示人或者事物的名称。实 词2代词 pron.用来代替名词、形容词或数词。3形容词 adj.用以修饰名词，表示人或事物的特征。4副词 adv.用以修饰动词、形容词或其它副词。5动词 v.表示动作或状态。6数词 num.表示数量或顺序。7冠词 art.用在名词前帮助说明名词所指的人或事物。虚 词8介词 prep.表示名词、代词等和句中其它词的关系。9连词 conj.用来连接词与词，短语与短语或句与句。10感叹词 int.表示说话时的高兴、惊讶等情感，不在句中担任成分。句子成分主语 Subject 宾语 Object 定语 Attribute 补语 Complement谓语 Predicate 表语 Predicative 状语 Adverbial1. 人称代词数格人称单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou 第三人称hehimtheythemsheheritit 人称代词1.主格作主语 I like football. They are student.2.宾格 a.作宾语 Do you know him? Come with me. b.作介词的宾语 He was playing tennis with us. Let the baby sit between you and me.2. 物主代词数人称种类单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称形容词性物主代词myyourhis,her itsouryourtheir 名词性 物主代词mineyourshis,hersitsoursyourstheirs物主代词1.形容词性物主代词只可作定语，后面必须更名词。I like his book. My parents love me.2.名词性物主代词a.作主语 Our house is here, and theirs is there.Is this her T-shirt? No, hers is red. b.作表语 A: Whose bike is this? B: Its his.(=his bike)That new flat is ours.c.作宾语 I have lost my dictionary. Please lend me yours. Lets clean their room first and ours later.3. 反身代词 数人称单数复数第一人称myselfourselves第二人称yourselfyourselves第三人称himselfthemselvesherselfitself反身代词（又称自身代词）1.表示强调，在句中的位置较灵活 I cooked it myself. = I myself cooked it. You spoke to the chairman himself.2.作宾格 Mary saw herself in the mirror. Tom taught himself English.3.介词+反身代词 Rose said to herself, “Where am I?”The children made the model planes by themselves.人称单复数人称代词物主代词反身代词主格宾格形容词性名词性I单Imemyminemyself复weusouroursourselvesII单youyouyouryoursyourself复youyouyouryoursyourselvesIII单hesheithimherithisheritshishersitshimselfherselfitself复theythemtheirtheirsthemselves4. 不定代词 1) 复合不定代词somethinganythingnothingeverythingsomebodyanybodynobodyeverybodysomeoneanyoneno oneeveryone2) one ones3) some , any4) onethe other(s)5) another6) both , neither , either7) all , none8) each , every9) many , much , a lot10) (a) few , (a) little 11) it不定代词1.复合不定代词 someone, anything等作主语时，其后用单数谓语动词。 a. Someone has told me about this before.(作主语)Everything is ready for the Open Day. 形容词修饰something, anything, nothing三者时，形容词要放在其后。 b. Ive got something interesting to tell you. c. I dont know anything about it.=I know nothing about it. 不定代词2. one ,ones 数单数复数人称物主代词自身代词OneOnesOnesoneselfa. A: Look at that boy! B: Which one? A: The one wearing a blue sweater.(作主语，指人)b. Which T-shirt do you like? The one with the V-neck. (作宾语，指物)c. The old houses here have been pulled down and a lot of new ones will be built.(作宾语，指物)不定代词3. some , any a. He asked for more sauce and I passed him some.b. Do you know any of her friends? c. There is much milk in the fridge. Would you like some? (表示邀请)d. Havent you forgotten something?你难道没忘记什么事吗？ (问者肯定知道被问者忘了什么东西所以用something。)不定代词4. onethe other(s) , some(the) others a. She has got two pets. One is a dog, the other is a cat.b. I have three uncles. One is a teacher, the other two = (the others) are engineers. c. Some like prawns, others like crabs.(泛指)d. There are thirty students in our class. Twenty are girls. The others (= The other students ) are boys.(特指)不定代词5. another a. I dont like this one. Show me another.(作宾语)b. This book is too difficult for me. Will you please give me another one ( = another book)? (作定语)c. He got three books, one is a dictionary, another is a play, the third is a grammar. (作主语)不定代词6. both , neither , either botheitherneither含义两者都（肯定）两者之中的任意一个两者都不（否定）作定语修饰名词时名词要用复数名词要用单数名词要用单数作主语时的谓语动词用复数用单数用单数常用搭配bothandeitherorneithernora. I have two brothers. Both (=Both brothers) are doctors. I have two brothers. Either is a doctor. I have tow brothers. Neither is a doctor.b. Both my brother and your sister have passed the exam.我哥哥和你姐姐两个都通过了考试。Either my brother or your sister has passed the exam.不是我哥哥就是你姐姐考试及格了。(他们之中的一个) Neither my brother nor your sister has passed the exam.我哥哥和你姐姐两人都没有通过考试。 不定代词7. all , none a. All enjoyed themselves at the party.All of us like to eat potato chips.(作主语) =We all like to eat potato chips.(作同位语) All the oil has been used up.(作主语）b1) A: How much bread is there? B: None.=No bread. 2) A: How many students went there? B: None.=No students. B: None of the students went there. 3) In the past, none of the buses were/was air-conditioned.不定代词8. each , every eachEvery1）可修饰人或物与each相同2）谓语动词需用单数与each相同3）指两个或两个以上中的一个（数量）指两个（不含两个）以上中的一个4）侧重于个体、个别（含义）侧重于全体，意思上等同于all5）可单独使用，作定语时后面名词要用单数不可单独使用，后面必须加名词（只能在句中作定语），名词用单数6）可以和of连用不可以和of连用，但every one（分开写）可以和of连用7）可作同位语、主语、宾语只能作定语，后面必须跟名词单数8）没有合成词有合成词，与one/body/thing组成，合成词后不能加名词，动词要用单数a.There are many trees on each side of the street. (因为街只有两边，所以只能用each,不能用every)b. Each boy here likes football. (each强调每一个男孩，语气比较强烈) =All the boys here like football. =Every boy here likes football. (all强调全体男孩都如此）c. Each of the rooms (them) is big and bright.不定代词9. many , much , a lot many(多数)只能和复数可数名词连用在句中可作主语、宾语、表语和定语much(多量)只能和不可数名词连用主要用于否定句和疑问句中a lot ofmany a large (great) number of = many lots of plenty ofmucha great (good) deal of = mucha.There are many new buildings is that estate.= There are a lot of / lots of new buildings.b. At the party I didnt know many people.c. How much money do you have? Can you lend me some?不定代词10. a few , few , a little , little a few (肯定)用于可数名词在句中可作主语、宾语、定语等 few (否定) a little (肯定)用于不可数名词在句中可作主语、宾语、定语等 little (否定)a.There are a few minutes left, arent there? Dont worry! There is a little time left, isnt there? Dont worry!b.There are few minutes left, are there? Hurry up! There is little time left, is there? Hurry up!不定代词11. it It is a robot.(指物) It is raining now, but itll be fine soon.(指天气) Its cold in this room.(指天气)1) A: What time is it? B: Its six thirty.(指时间)2) How far is it from here to the hospital? Its about three miles.(指距离)6) Its important (for us) to fi