2013中考英语易混动词和词组.doc

2013中考英语-动词词组及词义辨析 一、中考常见易混动词1. used to do sth.；be used to doing sth.和be used to do sth.的区别 辨析：used to do sth.表示过去常常做某事. e.g. I used to get up at six in the morninbe used to doing.表示习惯做某事，to 后的动词用-ing形式e.g. Im used to getting up early.be used to do sth. 指被用来做什么。 e.g. Pens are used to write.2. arrive, get 和reach的区别辨析：arrive in +大地点，arrive at+小地点，get to+地点名词，reach是及物动词，后面直接跟地点名词。e.g. When did you arrive in Beijing? We arrived at the village at five in the afternoon。How do you usually get to school?When she reached the office, the teacher was having a short rest.3. borrow , lend和keep的区别borrow借，为终止性动词，表示主语借入某物，常用短语borrow sth. from sb.lend借，为终止性动词，表示主语借出某物，常用短语lend sth. to sb.keep 保存，借，为持续性动词，表示长时间地借e.g. I borrowed a book from the school library yesterday. Could you lend your pen to me? How long can we keep the book?4.dress, put on, 和wear的区别dress sb.给某人穿衣服；dress sb.up打扮某人 ；put on 穿上，戴上，表动作；wear 穿着，戴着，表状态；与be in同义e.g. The boy dressed himself quickly. The lady dressed herself up and went to the party.Jim put on his coat and went out. Lily is wearing a red skirt today.5. see, look, watch, readsee 看见，表结果； look看，表动作，不及物动词，后面需加介词at才可能跟宾语。watch 看（比赛，电视）；read 看书，报，表示阅读e.g. I can see an apple on the table. Look, there is a kite flying in the sky.Watching TV too much is bad for your health.Dont read books in the sun.6.bring, take, carry,bring意为拿来，带来，表示拿到靠说话人近的地方； take意为拿走，带走，表示拿到远离说话人远的地方； carry 意为扛，搬，用力移动，没有方向性， e.g. Please take the books to the classroom. Remember to bring your home work to school tomorrow. The bag is very heavy, please carry it to my office.7.die, dead, death,和dying的区别Die 意为死，是不及物动词，非延续性动词；Dead 意为死的，是形容词，表状态；Death 意为死，是名词；Dying意为垂死的，要死的，是形容词。e.g. Her grandfather died last year. Her grandfather has been dead for two years.His death was a great loss to China. The poor old man was dying.8.speak, say, talk 和tell 的区别speak 作为及物动词表示语言的名词或只在会议上发言；say 常跟直接引语或间接引语，并且表示说的内容； talk 是不及物动词，常跟介词 to 或with，意为同某人谈话，也表示具有说话的能力； tell 意为告诉并常与story连用，意为讲故事9spend，take，pay，cost这几个词都有“花费”意思，从主语来看，take,cost的主语是物；而pay,spend主语是人。Spend 只花费时间或金钱，后接on sth.或(in)doing sth.;Cost 物做主语，意为值多少钱Take 可用固定句型表示花费时间、金钱，其结构为：It +takes+时间/金钱+to do sth,Pay 与介词for 连用10Look for，find，find outLook for，find两个词都有找的意思。Look for强调寻找的过程，find强调寻找的结果。find out的意思是“弄清楚，查明”，多指通过观察，探索而发现原因事实等。例：I am looking for my pen,but I cant find it. Go and find out where the train leaves. 11Listen to，hearListen to 和 hear都有听的意思。Listen为不及物动词，与to构成固定搭配，强调听的动作；hear 强调听的结果。12. hung, hanged两个词同为hang过去分词，hung意为悬挂，而hanged意为绞死。13. lose，fail，beat，winLose输给某人lose to sb；Fail 失败；Beat打败beat sb.或某支队伍Win 赢得，如何赢得荣誉，比赛，地位等。宾语是match,game等。14Lose，forget，leaveLose意为丢失，失去；Forget忘记后可跟不定式和动名词Leave sth. +地点把某物落在某处He left his schoolbag in the school bus this moring.15. think of, think about, think overThink of 想到；Think about 考虑宾语it或them置后Think over 仔细考虑，宾语it或them放在中间，一般指考虑问题。16Join，take part in，attend 三个词都表示参加Join 一般指加入党派或组织, 如参军，入党等Take part in 只参加聚会活动；Attend 一般指出席会议17. happen ,take place1). take place 表示“发生、举行、举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排，例如： Great changes have taken place in our hometown during the past ten years. The Olympic Games of 2008 will take place in Beijing. (2) .happen作“发生、碰巧”解，一般用于偶然或突发性事件，例如： What happened to you? (一般不说：What did you happen?) I happened to see him on my way home. = It happened that I saw him on my way home.18.Hear 与 Listen“听者”两不同hear 是瞬间行为动词，指听见某人说话或者做事发出的声音，即听的结果（指已听见了）。Listen 指有意识的去听，即听的过程，是延续性不及物动词，常用Listen to(doing) sth.。比较： I listened hard, but could hear nothing.我努力听，但什么也没听见。温馨提示： hear of, hear about, hear from, hear that1 .hear of(=hear about)指 (间接地)听说、听到，宾语可用名词、代词、动名词及what从句。如：I heard of (about)the news.我听说过此消息。 2.hear from 指收到来信。(=get 或receive a letter from)如: I hear from him every month. 我每月都收到他的信。19.wish和hope的区别 wish 有 sb. wish to do sth./wish sb. to do/wish+ that 从句而hope：hope to do sth./hope+that 从句/没有hope sb. to do sth.(这个常考的）hope用作动词时，后面可接不定式或that从句，但不能接“宾语+不定式”。如： We hope to see you again（= We hope we can see you again） I hope you can help me with my maths （不能说 I hope you to help me with my maths）注意：I wish I could fly like a bird 但愿我能象鸟一样飞。（从句中的could表示其动作不可能实现，不能用can。） wish可表示良好的“祝愿”，后面接“宾语+宾补（形容词或名词）。而hope不能这样用。如： I wish you happy祝你幸福。（不用hope） I wish you a pleasant journey祝你旅途愉快。（不用hope）易混动词（词组）能力导练习题集锦l. It _ me one and a half hours to get there by bus. A. spent B. took C. used D. paid2. The Young Pioneer _ water for the old man every day.A. fetches B. brings C. takes D. carries3. -Dont keep your mother _ long. No, I wont.A. wait B. waiting for C. wait for D. waiting 4. A new kind of computer _ last month.A. invented B. was invented C. discovered D. was discovered5. The teacher had the boys _ thousands of trees on the hill last year.A. plant B. planted C. to plant D. planting6. I can _ you my dictionary, but you can _ it for only a week. .A. borrow, lend B. lend, borrow C. lend, keep D. keep, lend 7. Last week I was ill for two days. I _ some lessons.A. got B. had C. missed D. lost8. The man doesnt know how to _ this word in English. A. speak B. tell C. talk D. say9. Well go to _ a film instead of _ a book in bed.A. read; look B. see; read C. see; reading D. watch; look at10. When we _ the railway station, the train had already left.A. arrive at B. reached in C. got to D. arrived in11. _ you _ the pills yet? No. Im all right now.A. Do; eat B. Do; take C. Have; eaten D. Have; taken12.Man-made satellites have been _ into space by many countries.A. sent out B. sent up C. sent off D. sent for13.They all _ me good luck when I leave for Shanghai.A. hope B. wish C. expect D. want 14.Dont forget _ your dictionary here with you next time.A. to get B. to bring C. taking D. carrying15.My parents _ ever_ Canada. Really? When did they go there?A. have gone to B. have been in C. have been from D. have been to16.Where _ Tom _? He has left a message saying that he has something important to do. A. has, gone B. has, been C. has, been in D. did, go17.He told me that the sun _ in the east.A. rises B. raises C. rose D. raised18. Do you like to _clothes of light colors or dark colors?A. put on B. dress C. wear D. be in19. She tells me that her brother _ the team for more than three years.A. has been in B. has joined C. has gone to D. has become a member of20. Would you please be kind enough to _the TV a little? Im doing my homework.A. turn up B. turn out C. turn down D. turn off21. Im afraid I cant _ all the flowers and trees in your back garden.A. say B. talk C. speak D. name22. Will you please stop_ ? I cant _anything.A. talking; listen B. to talk; hear C. talking; hear D. to talk; listen23. Ive bought a watch for her and now she _ it to work every day.A. has B. puts on C. dresses D. wears24. Have you _ to swim yet? What about going for a swim?A. studied B. taught C. learned D. liked25. How many pigs do your parents_?A. grow B. plant C. make D. keep26. Tom _ carefully but could _ nothing.A. listened, hear B. heard, listen to C. listened to, listen D. heard, hear from27. Did you have anyone _the flowers? Yes, I had the flowers _.A. to water; water B. to water; watered C. water; to be watered D. water; watered28.Dont forget_ the window when you leave.A. closing B. to close C. close D. closed 29.He cried so hard, it _ that he had lost one million dollars.A. looked B. as if C. appears D. seemed30.I had a little accident last Sunday. Oh, What_? A. took the place of B. was taken place C. took your place D. happened31.English is _ a foreign language in China.A. used for B. used by C. used as D. used to32.They are going to _ the boy in new clothes and take him to the park.A. dress B. wear C. have on D. put on33.Jill _ the army in 1942 and _many fights since then.A. joined; joined B. took part in; has joined C. took part in; has joined D. joined; has taken part in34. The visitors are very _ to see so many changes _in Nanchang since 1979.A. surprise; have been taken place B. surprising, took placeC. surprised, have been taken place D. surprised, have taken place35. Please _ when the train leaves.A. look B. find out C. find D. look for36.The little was _ the cat while her mother was _ the piano.A. playing; playing B. playing; playing with C. playing with; playing D. playing with; playing with37. Id prefer you _him up.A. not ring B. not ringing C. not to ring D. isnt ringing38.This skirt is _silk and is _ Zhejiang.A. made from; made by B. made for; made in C. made of; made in D. made of; made by39.The Party was _ on July 1, 1927.A. was found B. found C. founded D. was founded40.If you _ him, you will _this match.A. win; beat B. win; win C. beat; win D. beat; win 二、重点短语动词中考考点1动词词组后接名词或代词作宾语的用法。2动词词组作谓语，不接宾语的用法。考点一 动词词组的构成1动词副词：常见的有take off, write down, stay up, fix up等。这些词组的宾语如果是名词，既可放在副词前边，又可放在副词后边；宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词，则要放在副词前边。如：Hand in your homework.把你的作业交上来。Hand it in.把它交上来。2动词介词：常见的有ask for, care about, look for, look after, send for, laugh at, hear of(from), lead to, wait for等。 3动词名词：常见的有have fun, play sports, take place等。这种动词词组用作不及物动词。如：This story took place three years ago.这个故事发生在三年前。4动词副词介词：常见的有look down upon, go on with, add up to, catch up with, do well in, run out of等。5动词名词介词：常见的有take care of, make use of, pay attention to等。考点二 中考常考的动词词组1be made in(在生产或制造)，_ (由组成或构成), belong to(属于), break off(中断), be interested in(对感兴趣), be used for(用来), be used to(习惯于), begin with(以开始), be supposed to(被期望或应该)随时练：Your kite looks very nice. It is _ silk, and it is _ Weifang. A. made from；made of B. made of；made from C. made of；made in D. made in；made from2come to oneself(苏醒)，come true(实现), come out(花开；发芽；出现；出来；出版；发表), come over(过来；顺便来访)，come on(来吧；跟着来；赶快), clean up(把打扫干净), cheer up(使高兴起来),come up with(提出，想出)随时练： 1). When will Han Hans new book _? Sorry, I dont know. I am looking forward to his new book, too. A. come on B. come out C. come in D. come over 2). 我们相信，我们美好的梦想总有一天会成为现实。 We are confident that our good dreams _ some day. 3). 你要的书我没有，但是让我看看能不能想点别的方法。 I dont have the book you need, but Ill see if I can _ with some other ideas 3do ones best(尽某人最大努力)，_(在方面干得好), do ones homework(做作业), do some reading(阅读),类似短语还有do some shopping/ washing/ cleaning/ swimming等，这类短语与go 动名词（去从事某项活动）是同义短语， dream of(梦想), depend on(决定于), dress up(装扮), drop by(顺便拜访)4.fall asleep(入睡)，fall behind(落在.后面)，fall off(从掉下)，fall down(到下；跌倒) 注意：fall与feel的过去时和过去分词的拼写易混淆：fall- fell- fell 落下，倒下feel- felt- felt 感觉，摸（起来）随时练：Study hard or you may _ your classmates. A. fall off B. fall into C. fall down D. fall behind 5.get on(上车)，get to(到达)，get back(回来；取回), get off(下来)，get on well with(与相处融洽), get married(结婚), give out(分发), get over(克服), give away(分发), get along with(与相处), give up(放弃),get together(相聚) get ready for为做准备随时练：1). Dont _ the bus until it stops at last, or it is very dangerous. A. get on B. get up C. get off D. get to 2). 我们的班级就像一个大家庭，我们彼此应友好相处。 Our class is like a big family, and we should _ one another. 3)As a student, you should _ drinking wine too much quickly. A. give out B. give up C. give off D. give away 6have a look(看一看), have a seat（坐下）, have supper（吃晚餐）, have a rest（休息）, have sports（进行体育活动）, have a cold（感冒）, have a cough（咳嗽）, have a good time（过得愉快）, have a headache（头痛），have a try(尝试；努力) 7look for(寻找)，look out(留神; 注意)，look over(仔细检查)，look up(向上看；抬头看,查阅、查字典)，look after(照顾; 照看)，look at(看； 观看)，look like(看起来像)，look the same(看起来像)，look forward to 期待着,此短语中to是介词，后面要接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式。 随时练： 1). Please _ my little dog while I am away. A. look at B. look after C. look up D. look out 2). You can _ this new word in the dictionary if you want to know its meaning. A. look up B. look for C. look over D. look after8 make friends(交朋友)，make phone calls(打电话)，make money(赚钱)，make the bed(整理床铺)，make a noise(吵闹)，make a faces(做鬼脸)，make room for(给腾出地方)，make a decision(做出决定)，make a mistake(犯错误)，make up ones mind(下决心), make a living(谋生), make progress(取得进步), make sb feel at home(使某人感到宾至如归)随时练： There are too many people here, so I cant _ for you. A. take a room B. make a room C. take room D. make room9put on(上演；穿上；戴上)，put up(挂起；举起,张贴)，put down(把某物放下来)，put away(把某物收起来), put off(推迟) 随时练： 1. The flight to Guangzhou had to be _ because of the heavy snow. A. put up B. put away C. put off D. put down 2. Please _ your hands if you have any questions to ask. A. put on B. put off C. put up D. put down10 take off(脱掉衣服,起飞)，take photos(照相)，take time(花费时间)，take out(取出)，take a seat(坐下)，take an active part in(积极参加)，take care of(照顾；照料；注意)，take exercise(做运动)，take ones place(坐某人的位置；代替某人的职务)，take turn(轮流) talk about(谈话；交谈), _(和交谈)，turn on(打开电灯、收音机、煤气、自来水等)，_(关闭电灯，收音机，煤气，自来水等), turn up(把声音调高), turn down(调低音量；拒绝), turnover(把翻过来)，_(认为；想起), think about(考虑), think up(想出), take it easy(放松，不紧张), take pride in(对感到自豪)随时练：1)Its too cold in the lab. Youd better not _ your coat. A. put away B. put on C. take off take away2)Do you know the young woman who your father is _? Oh, she is our new English teacher. They are _ my English homework. A. talk about; talk to B. talk to; talk of C. talking with; talking about D. talking about; talking with3). Its too noisy here. Please ask her to _ the music a little. A. turn down B. fall down C. shut down D. come down4). _ those lights, please. Dont use too much energy. A. Take off B. Put on C. Turn off D. Turn on5) What do you _ China? I like it very much. A. think of B. think over C. think about D. think to2012年全国各地中考英语真题分类汇编短语辨析和固定搭配1.It was such a funny show that people couldnt help _again and again. A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughing2. Its time for the weather report. Could I _ the TV, Dad? Go ahead, please. I also want to know about the weather for tomorrow. A. turn on B. turn off C. turn down3. When you leave the reading room, you should remember to _ the lights. A. turn on B. turn down C. turn off4. Jimmy has sixteen broken bikes to _ and give away to kids who dont have bikes. A. fix up B. set up C. put up5.- Smoking is bad for your health. -Youre right. I decide to_. A. take it downB. find it out C. turn it off D. give it up6. My grandpa is sleeping. Will you please _the radio? A. turn down B. turn up C. turn on7. I love this song by Lady Gaga. Would you_the TV a bit, please? I cant hear it clearly. A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up D. turn down8.Mrs. Wang always asks us to _ conversations in the English classes Amake upBturn upCend upDlook up9. My grandpa is sleeping. Will you please _the radio? A. turn down B. turn up C. turn on10.We should learn how to _well with people around us. A. get along B. get down C. get to D. get up11. I dont think we can find a new day to work out the problem. But wed better not .A. end upB. hand outC. give upD. put out12. -Peter, the light in your room _ the whole night. What were you doing? -Oh, I was busy writing a report. A. turns onB. turned onC. is onD. was on13. After winning the badminton championship at Wuhan Sports Center in May, the Chinese players faces _ with joy. A. made up B. took up C. put up D. lit up14. Lee all night in order to watch the football match between France and Italy. A. put up B. stayed up C. got up D. showed up15. Its cold outside. Youd better _ your coat.A. put on B. take off C. put away16. Its cold outside. Youd better _ your coat and scarf. A. work outB. put outC. have onD. put on17.Excuse me, Sir. But smoking is not allowed here. Sorry, I didnt see the sign. Ill _ my cigarette at once. A. put out B. put away C. put up D. put off 18. Maggie wanted an evening job that would allow her to _ her son during the day. A. look at B. look around C. look after D. look out19. Allen, your bedroom is in a mess? Sorry, Mum Ill my things at once. A. put on B. put away C. put out D. put up20. Dont forget to take your bag when you the bus. A. get off B. take off C. turn off D. put off21. Cao Wenxuans new book has just _ . Lets go and buy one. A. come overB. come downC. come onD. come out22.Dont _ , my children. Keep working hard and you will win the match. Thank you, Mr. Zhang. Well try our best. A. put