格列佛游记英文详介PPT课件.ppt

1 王夏夏徐晓雅姚永云张敏赵培培 2 Born30November1667Dublin IrelandDied19October1745 aged77 IrelandPennameM B Drapier LemuelGulliver IsaacBickerstaffOccupationSatirist essayist politicalpamphleteer poet priestLanguageEnglishAlmamaterTrinityCollege DublinNotableworkGulliver sTravelsAModestProposalATaleofaTubDrapier sLetters JonathanSwift乔纳森 斯威夫特 3 Biography JonathanSwift sonoftheEnglishlawyerJonathanSwifttheelder wasborninDublin Ireland onNovember30 1667 HegrewupthereinthecareofhisunclebeforeattendingTrinityCollegeattheageoffourteen wherehestayedforsevenyears graduatingin1688 Inthatyear hebecamethesecretaryofSirWilliamTemple anEnglishpoliticianandmemberoftheWhigparty In1694 hetookreligiousordersintheChurchofIrelandandthenspentayearasacountryparson HethenspentfurthertimeintheserviceofTemplebeforereturningtoIrelandtobecomethechaplainoftheearl伯爵爵位ofBerkeley伯克利 美国加利福尼亚州西部城市 4 Meanwhile hehadbeguntowritesatires onthepoliticalandreligiouscorruptionsurroundinghim workingonATaleofaTubandTheBattleoftheBooks HealsowroteanumberofpoliticalpamphletsinfavorofWhigparty 5 In1709hewenttoLondontocampaignfortheIrishchurchbutwasunsuccessful AftersomeconflictswiththeWhigparty mostlybecauseofSwift sstrongallegiancetothechurch hebecameamemberofthemoreconservativeTorypartyin1710 UnfortunatelyforSwift theTorygovernmentfelloutofpowerin1714andSwift despitehisfameforhiswritings felloutoffavor Swift whohadbeenhopingtobeassignedapositionintheChurchofEngland insteadreturnedtoDublin wherehebecamethedeanofSt Patrick s 6 DuringhisbrieftimeinEngland SwifthadbecomefriendswithwriterssuchasAlexanderPope Lateinlife Swiftseemedtomanyobserverstobecomeevenmorecausticandbitterthanhehadbeen Threeyearsbeforehisdeath hewasdeclaredunabletocareforhimself andguardianswereappointed OnOctober19 1745 Swiftdied 7 1 Gulliver sTravels 格列佛游记 1726 Hisgreatestsatiricwork 2 TheBattleoftheBooks 书籍之战 1697 3 TaleofaTub 一只桶的故事 1697 4 AModestProposal 一个温和的建议 1729 5 JournaltoStella 斯特拉日记 1710 1713 6 TheDrapier sLetter 布商的信 1724 Mainworks 8 Swift sstyle SwiftisoneofthegreatestmastersofEnglishprose Swifthimselfdefinesagoodstyleas Properwordsinproperplaces 9 Language Hislanguageisalwayssimple clear vigorousandconcise Therearenoornamentsinhiswriting butitcomeshometothereader 1 Clear simpleandconcretediction2 Uncomplicatedsentencestructure3 Economyandconcisenessoflanguage 10 Satire Swiftisamastersatirist andhisironyisdeadly Buthissatireismaskedbyanoutwardgravity andanapparentcalmnessconcealshisbitterirony Inhiswriting heusesallkindsoftechniquesofsatire suchasdirectattack indirectattack ironyandsoon Thismakeshissatireallthemorepowerul asshowninhis Modestproposal ThebestmodelofsatireinEnglishhistory 11 Gulliver sTravels ByJonathanSwift 乔纳森 斯威夫特 12 Backgroundinformation InBritainofthe18thcentury farmer slivingstandardgotworseandworse sotheyresistedthenobleenclosuremovement Theinternalcontradictionoftherulingclasswasfierce ThecontradictionbetweenthemothercountryandcolonybecameIncreasinglycontentious 13 1 Inshort factionalismwasserious politicalcorruptionwascommon 2 Meanwhile thebusinesswasprosperous itsoverseatradedevelopedwell 3 Britainenlargeditsforeigncolonialexpansion 4 Thematerialdesireofthebritishpeopleinflated 14 Title Gullivermakesourdeep seavoyages whicharedescribedinthefourpartsofthebook 小人国 大人国 飞岛国 慧马国 15 Firstvoyage Lilliput Ontheveryfirstvoyage Gulliverisshipwrecked Ofalltheship screw hesurvives Heswimstotheshoreofastrangeland inhabitedbyLilliputians thetallestofwhomisjustsixincheshigh 16 WhenbendingmyeyesdownwardasmuchasIcould Iperceivedahumannotsixincheshigh 17 Thekingoflilliput 18 LittlebylittlehegetsusedtotheirlifeandeventakespartinthewarwiththeneighbouringstateofBlefuseu 19 2020 3 20 20 Secondvoyage Brobdingnag GulliverfinallyescapesLilliputandreturnsbrieflytoEnglandbeforeasecondvoyagetakeshimtoBrobdingnag Whileonshore Gulliveriscapturedbygiants eachofwhomisthesizeofawater tower 21 Onthewhole theBrobdingnagiansaregood naturedcreatures andtheytreatGulliverkindly thoughtheyareamusedbyhistinysizeandlookeduponhimasaplaything 22 23 ComparewithLilliput theBrobdingnagianshaveanenlightenedmonarch 开明的君主 Sheofteninterrogates 询问 GulliveronEuropeanaffairs 24 GulliverabruptlydepartsBrobdingnagwhenagianteaglefliesoffwithhimanddropshimintheocean 25 Thirdvoyage Laputa HesoonembarksonhisthirdvoyagetotheflyingislandofLaputa 26 Laputaisamysteriouslandinhabitedbyscientists magicians andsorcerers 男巫 whoengageinridiculousexperiment 27 Finalvoyage Houyhnhnm OnceagainGulliverreturnstoEnglandbeforeafinaljourney tothelandoftheHouyhnhnm 28 Houyhnhnmsareasuperiorraceofintelligenthorses Inthecountry theyarerulingclass yahoo 野胡 avile 极坏的 anddepraved 堕落的 raceofape likecreatures istheruledclass 29 GulliveriseventuallyexiledfromHouyhnhnmsocietywhenthehorsesgentlyinsistthatGullivermustreturntoliveamonghisownkind Afterthisfourthandfinalvoyage hereturnstoEngland wherehehasgreatdifficultyadjustingtoeverydaylife AllpeopleeverywhereremindhimoftheYahoos 30 Majorthemes Thefirstandsecondvoyagehasbeeninterpretedasanallegoricalsatireofthepoliticaleventsoftheearlyeighteenthcentury acommentaryonthemoralstateofEngland touchinguponthepolitical religious legal military scientific philosophicalaswellasliteraryinstitutions aboutalmosteveryaspectofthesocietyThewarwiththetinyneighboringislandrepresentsEngland srivalrybetweenWhigs 辉格党 andTories 托利派 31 ThevoyagetoLaputaisascathing 尖刻的 attackuponscienceinthesixteenthandseventeenthcenturiesandrevealsSwift scontemptanddisdainforabstracttheoryandideology 思想 thatisnotofpracticalservicetohuman 32 ThefinalvoyagerevealsSwift sultimatesatiricobject man sinabilitytocometotermswithhistruenature TheYahoosasasatiricrepresentationofdebased 品质恶劣的 humanity whiletakingtheHouyhnhnmsasrepresentativesofSwift sidealsofrationalityandorder 33 Swiftisoneofthegreatestwritersofsatiricprose Noreaderofhiscanescapebeingimpressedbythegreatsimplicity directnessandvigorofhisstyle Seldomisthereornamentorsingularityofanykind Hissimplicities moreoftenthannot asacamouflageforinsidiousintentions fo