专题十三中考50重点句型.doc

中考复习十三：中考50重点句型专练撰稿：赵吉存责编：郭素清考试要求：中考重点句型即中考经常考查的句型，在中考试卷中单项选择和句型转换以及完成句子中经常考到这些重点的句型，同学们在中考冲刺阶段需要确认是否已经掌握了这些重点的句型结构和它们的典型用法，特别是一些重点句子的表达方式。掌握了这些重点句型对于同学们解答阅读理解、听力和书面表达等都会有很大的帮助。知识总结：一、常考重点句型：26表示比较的三个句型27. sth./sb. + be+ 基数词+ meters long (wide, high, tall.)28. Its / has been two years since 从句 自从到现在有两年时间29. both.and.连接主语的句型30. neither .nor.,not only.but also,either.or.连接主语的句型31. Whats wrong / the matter with sb. / sth.?32. There is something /nothing wrong with sth.33.What/ How about doing sth.?34. Lets do.35. Why not do .?/ Why dont you do .? 为什么不.？36. Will / Would /Could you please do sth? 请你做某事好吗？37. Would you like (sb.) to do sth.? 38. ?Would you mind doing sth.?39. 含有as soon as的句型40. 含有not.until.的句型41. be supposed/ willing to do.应该做某事42. 主语find it 形容词 动词不定式43. It seems that +从句44. I think/ believe/ feel/ agree that.及I agree/ disagree with you.45. I dont think +宾语从句46. What do you mean by/ What does .mean? 是什么意思?47What do you think of/How do you like ? 你认为怎么样?48. What + be + 主语 + like? .什么样?49Its said/ reported that. 据说/据报道50. one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数 .其中之一 二、中考经常考到的重点句型详解：26. 表示比较的三个句型(1) as+ 原级+ as.这个句型表示同级比较，即比较的结果是一样的，在as和as的中间用形容词或副词的原级。在否定句中既可以用not as. as.，也可以用not so. as.，表示前者不如后者。例如：He is as tall as my brother. 他和我的弟弟一样高。It is not as/ so warm as it was yesterday. 今天不如昨天暖和。(2) 形容词/副词的比较级than 这个句型表示比较的结果是不一样，一般指两者之间的比较，在than的前面用形容词的比较级。例如：He is taller than my brother. 他比我的弟弟高。(3) 形容词/ 副词的最高级in/of 其他这个句型是一种表示在三者或三者以上的比较方式，表示在一定范围内最高级。形容词的最高级用定冠词the，副词的最高级前面可以不用定冠词，in和of后面接比较的范围。如果在一定的地域空间内，用in；如果在同一类事物范围内进行比较用of。例如：You are the tallest boy in our class. 你是我们班最高的男孩。比较：You are the tallest of the boys. 你是男孩中最高的。（“You”与“boys”同类）注意：用比较级表示的最高级：1. 比较级+than any other+ 单数名词 2. 比较级+than anyone else3. 比较级+than all other+ 复数名词Susan is taller than any other girl / all other girls in her class. 苏珊是她们班上最高的女生。随时练： 1. We think English is as _ as math.A. more difficult B. more important C. important D. easier2. Many boys think Math is _ than any other subject.A. interesting B. easiest C. more difficult D. difficult3. Chongqing is _ city _ all the cities in China.A. big, in B. bigger, of C. biggest, in D. the biggest, of【答案与解析】1. 答案是C。本题是考查形容词的同级比较，as和as的中间用形容词的原级，所以选择C。2. 答案是C。本题是考查形容词的比较级的用法，句子是把数学作为一方，其他所有学科为另一方进行 比较，要用比较级，difficult的比较级是more difficult，所以选C。3. 答案是D。本题是考查形容词的最高级的用法，形容词的最高级前面用定冠词the，Chongqing是all the cities中的一个，是同类关系，所以选D。27. sth./sb. + be+ 基数词+ meters long (wide, high, tall.) 某物/某人有几米长（宽，高.）这个句型表示“某人或某物有多高/ 多长等”。注意如果基数词超过1，后面量词meter等要用复数，而汉语中的量词如yuan等，是英语的外来语，不需用复数。例如：Our classroom is fifteen meters long and eight meters wide. 我们的教室15米长，八米宽。随时练：Look at that tall tree. I think it may be _.A. twelve meters tall B. twelve meter long C. tall twelve meters D. tall twelve meter【答案与解析】答案是A。本题是考查表示某物多高的表达方式，即用数词meterstall来表示，所以选A。28. Its / has been two years since 从句 自从.到现在有两年时间里这个句型表示“自从过去某个时刻算起到现在多长时间了”，it指代时间，主句的谓语动词可以用现在完成时has been，也可以用is，与句型“Sb. has 过去分词for 表示一段时间”意思相同。例如：He has lived here for five years. Its five years since he lived here. 他住在这里已经五年了。随时练：_ twenty years since we came here.A. This is B. Thats C. Its D. They have been【答案与解析】答案是C。句意：我们来到这里已经20年了。用it表示时间，此句型可以用一般现在时代替现在完成时，所以选C。29. bothand连接主语的句型both. and. 连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，表示两者都做某事。例如：Both you and your brother have to stay at home this Sunday. 你和你的弟弟这个周日必须呆在家里。30. neither .nor., not only.but also,either.or.连接主语的句型这个句型是both and的否定形式，表示“两者都不”，但是neither. nor.,not only.but also,either.or.连接两个主语时，谓语动词一般就近一致。Neither I nor he is from the village. 我和他都不是来自山村。随时练：1. Both his father and he _ playing computer games.A. like B. likes C. is like D. are like2. Neither my wife nor I _ to the Summer Palace. We are planning to go there on May 1. A. have been B. have gone C. has been D. has gone【答案与解析】1. 答案是A。本题是考查both and的用法，both and连接两个主语，其谓语动词用复数形式， 所以选择A。2. 答案是A。从第二句可知主语没有去过颐和园，所以用have been to；neither. nor.连接主 语，谓语动词和nor后面的主语保持一致，所以选A。31. Whats wrong / the matter with sb. / sth.?这个句型是询问某人或者某物出什么毛病了或有什么问题了。Whats wrong with的后面可以接人也可以接物作宾语，同义句型是Whats the matter with. ?例如：Whats wrong with your leg? 你的腿怎么啦？Nothing serious. 没有什么大毛病。注意：此句型作宾语从句时，不需改变语序。He asked me what was the matter with me. 他问我怎么了。随时练： _ with your mother? She looks tired. She is ill.A. Whats B. Hows C. Whats wrong D. Whats matter【答案与解析】答案是C。从对话的情景可以理解要用Whats wrong来询问某人怎么啦，所以选C。选项D的matter前缺少定冠词the。32. There is something /nothing wrong with sth. 某物出毛病了（没毛病）这个句型表示“某人或者某物出毛病了”，一般疑问句是Is there anything wrong with sth.?例如：There is something wrong with my computer. 我的电脑出毛病了。随时练：There _ nothing wrong with your bike.A. be B. is C. are D. am【答案与解析】答案是B。不定代词nothing作主语谓语动词用第三人称单数，所以选B。33. What/ How about doing sth.?这个句型用于询问“做某事怎么样/ 如何”，用来征求别人的意见。介词about后要接名词或动名词作宾语。例如：What about swimming after school? 放学后去游泳怎么样？34. Lets do.这个句型是表示“让我们做某事吧。”的意思，用来表示建议。这是一个祈使句，lets的后面用省略to的动词不定式即动词原形作宾语补足语。例如：Lets go there on foot. 咱们步行去那里。35. Why not do . ?/ Why dont/wont you do .? 为什么不做？这个句型表示向别人提出建议或征求意见。注意Why not后可以直接加动词原形，可以看成是Why dont/ wont you do .?的省略形式，例如：Why dont you go there with me? Why not go there with me? 为什么不和我去那里？36. Will / Would /Could you (please) do sth? 请你做某事好吗？本句型是用情态动词will、would或could引起，表示请求别人做某事的意思，would和could没有过去的意义，只是使语气更委婉，其中please可省略。例如：Would you please open the door for me? 请你为我打开门好吗？注意：此句型中谓语动词受情态动词will、would等影响要用原形。37. Would you like (sb.) to do sth.?这个句型是表示“你想要/愿意（某人）做某事吗”，would like后要用动词不定式，用来征求意见。例如：Would you like to go swimming with me after school？放学后你愿意和我一起去游泳吗？ 38. Would you mind doing sth.?这个句型是表示“做某事你介意吗？” 动词mind的后面用动名词形式作宾语，用于征求意见。例如：Would you mind opening the door? 打开门你介意吗？随时练：1. What are you going to do this Sunday? How about _ with your father?A. to fish B. fishing C. fishes D. fish2. Why not _ to school on foot today?A. to go B. going C. go D. went3. Lets _ the teacher for help.A. asking B. ask C. to ask D. asks4. Will you _ me the way to your home? Sure.A. say B. tell C. to say D. telling5. Would you mind _ me that book？A. to pass B. pass C. passing D. passes【答案与解析】1. 答案是B。本题是考查what/how about的后面用动名词形式作宾语表示“做某事如何”的意思，所以 选B。2. 答案是C。本题是考查why not动词原形的用法，用于向别人提出建议。后面用动词原形，所以选 择C。3. 答案是B。在动词短语let somebody do something用动词原形作宾语补足语，所以选B。4. 答案是B。本题考查用情态动词will/would表示请求别人做某事的意思。句子的谓语动词用动词原 形，tell可以接双宾语，所以选择B。5. 答案是C。在动词短语would you mind的后面用动名词形式作宾语，所以本题选择C。39. 含有as soon as的句型这个句型是含有as soon as引导的时间状语从句的复合句，表示“一怎么样就怎么样”。注意当主句是一般将来时的时候，as soon as引导的从句和其他时间状语从句一样，一般用一般现在时来表示将来，例如：I will tell him the news as soon as he comes back. 他一回来我就告诉他。注意：在if,unless等引导的条件状语从句和when,as,before等引导的时间状语从句都有用一般现在时表示一般将来的用法。随时练：We will climb the hill as soon as the rain _.A. stop B. stops C. will stop D. stopping【答案与解析】答案是B。本题是考查as soon as引导的时间状语从句的用法，从句的谓语动词用一般现在时表示将来，所以选B。40. 含有not.until.的句型本句型意思是“直到.才.”的意思，含有until或till引导的时间状语从句，如果主句的谓语动词是延续性动词，主句肯定或否定都可以；但是如果主句的谓语动词是非延续性动词，主句只能是否定的。原因是这个句型表示谓语动作或状态一直延续到until后接的时间为止。例如：I didnt go to bed until I finished my homework. 我直到做完作业才去睡觉。（“没有上床睡觉”这个状态一直延续到“完成作业“为止）随时练：The kids didnt start to fly kites in the playground _ the rain stopped.A. if B. whenever C. until【答案与解析】答案是C。本题是考查连词not. until.的用法，表示“直到才”的意思，所以选C。句意：直到雨停了孩子们才开始放风筝。41. be supposed/ willing to do.应该做某事be supposed to do表示“某人应该做某事”，be willing to do表示“某人愿意、乐意做某事”。这两个句型都是be+形容词+to do构成。例如：You are supposed to shake hands. 你们应该握手。Are you willing to help? 你愿意帮忙吗？随时练：We are not supposed _ football on Sundays.A. to play B. play C. playing D. plays【答案与解析】答案是A。be supposed 的后面用动词不定式，所以选A。42. 主语find it 形容词 动词不定式本句型是it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。不定式做宾语时，如果有形容词或名词等宾语补足语，不定式要后置。例如：We find it difficult to play soccer in our school. 我们发现在我们的学校踢足球是非常困难的。随时练：They find _ interesting to play with these babies.A. it B. that C. one D. them【答案与解析】答案是A。本题是用it作find的形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语to play with these babies，所以选A。43. It seems that从句强调根据一定的事实所得出的一种接近于实际情况的判断，可以说就是事实，可以转换成“名词或代词 seem 动词不定式”的句型，其意不变，如果动词不定式为to be 形容词时，to be往往省略。例如：It seems that it is more difficult for women to get to the top of the company. 妇女似乎更难提升到公司的最高职位。It seems that no one likes the film. = No one seems to like the film. 似乎没有人喜欢这个电影。It seems that he is happy every day. = He seems (to be) happy every day.随时练：It seems to me that he _ everything. A. know B. to know C. knowing D. has known【答案与解析】答案是D。在句型It seems that的后面要接从句，从句的时态根据句子的意思判断是现在完成时，所以选D。44. I think/ believe/ feel/ agree that.及I agree/ disagree with sb.这个句型是表示“我认为/ 相信/ 感觉/ 同意”的意思，that的后面是宾语从句，用于提出自己的想法和观点。agree如果表示“同意某人的想法或意见”可以用“I agree with sb.”，表示否定用“I disagree with sb.”. 例如：I think you are right. 我认为你是正确。I agree/ disagree with you. 我同意你的观点。随时练：I think maths is very difficult to learn. Do you _ _(同意) me？【答案与解析】答案是agree with。表示“同意某人的话”，一般要用agree with sb.。45. I dont think 宾语从句主句谓语动词是表示“想、认为”等意义的动词，如think, believe, imagine, suppose, expect, guess等，主句主语是第一人称，而且主句是一般现在时的时候，从句否定一般要转移到主句中。随时练：I _ think you _ speak English. A. think ; cant B. dont ; can C. dont; cant D. think; arent【答案与解析】答案是B。本题是考查I dont think从句的用法，从句的否定要转移到前面的主句，所以选B。46. What do you mean by/ What does . mean? .是什么意思?这个句型是来询问某人用某个表示法或事物表示什么。注意by是介词，后面如果接动词，要接动名词形式。例如：What do you mean by saying that? 你说那个是什么意思？随时练：What do you mean by _ like this?A. to writeB. do C. doing D. write【答案与解析】答案是C。本题是考查句型What do you mean bydoing？的用法，在介词by的后面用动名词作宾语，所以选C。47. What do you think of./How do you like.? 你认为怎么样?本句型表示“你认为/你感觉怎么样？”，同义句是How do you like? 用于询问主语对某事物的观点和看法。例如：What do you think of our school? How do you like our school? 你觉得我们的学校怎么样？Its very modern. 很现代化。随时练： _ do you think of my handwriting? I think it is very great.A. How B. Why C. When D. What【答案与解析】答案是D。本题是考查用特殊疑问词what和think of连用表示“你感觉怎么样”的意思，所以选择D。48.What + be + 主语 + like? .什么样?本句型是用be like表示询问某人或者某物什么样、如何的意思。例如：What is your work like? 你的工作怎么样？随时练：_ is your exam _? Its not too bad.A. What; like B. How; like C. Why; like D. What ; be【答案与解析】答案是A。本题是考查用be like表示询问某人或者某物怎么样，所以选A。49. Its said/ reported that. 据说/据报道本句型表示“据说/据报道”的意思。that引导主语从句，表示所说的或所报道的内容。be said/ reported是被动语态，这个句型多用一般现在时。例如：Its said that the news is not true. 据说那个消息不是真的。随时练：It_ that your car was stolen by your friend.A. says B. is saying C. said D. is said【答案与解析】答案是D。本题是考查用Its said that 从句表示“据说”的意思，所以选择D。50. one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数 其中之一one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数表示“是最之一”的意思。注意名词要用复数。例如：China is one of the biggest countries in the world. 中国是世界上最大的国家之一。随时练：My brother is one of the _ in his class.A. tallest student B. best students C. tall student D. tall students【答案与解析】答案是B。one of the best students表示“是最好的学生之一”的意思，所以选B。易错点点拨：1. 汉语意义相反句式对比记忆。both.and.表示“两者都”连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：Both New York and London have traffic problems. 纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题。neither .nor. 这个句型是both and的否定形式，但是neither. nor.连接两个主语时，谓语动词一般就近一致，表示“两者都不做某事”的意思。例如：Neither we nor he is at home today. 今天我们和他都不在家。 2. like做连词和作动词要区分清楚。What + be + 主语 + like? 表示“什么样?”，此处 be like意为“像”,like是介词，不能作时态变化。be是谓语动词，可作时态变化。例如：What was the exam like？ 这次考试怎么样？It was very difficult难极了。3. one of 后接名词的单复数易错。one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“是最之一”，因为one of是其中之一，所以后面的名词必须是可数名词的复数而不是单数。如果作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。例如：Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the word.北京是世界上最大的城市之一。One of my friends is in the US. 我的其中一个朋友在美国。成果检测自我检测一、根据汉语提示完成完成句子。（北京各区模拟题）东城区1. 他们每天花半小时进行体育锻炼。 _ to do sports every day.2. 他们一到这，我就告诉他们。 _, Ill tell them.3. 她太小，自己上不去汽车。 She is _ the bus by herself4. 他虽然只有七岁，但英语说得非常好。 Although he is only seven，_.5. 我觉得恶劣的天气不会妨碍他去参加运动会。 I _ the terrible weather _ the sports meeting.西城区11. 这孩子长得非常快，他已经和他的父亲一样高了。 The boy grows quite fast, and he is already _.2. 保持城市清洁是我们每一个人的责任。 Its our duty _.3. 姚明篮球打得非常好，世界上很多人都知道他。 Yao Ming plays basketball _.4. 要了解世界，人们可以读报纸，也可以看电视。 In order to know the world, people can _.5. 直到看了这场比赛后，我才知道他是一个非常棒的运动员 _ I watched the match.西城区21. 这个女孩上个学期在功课上花了很多时间。 This girl _ her lessons last term.2. 天气真好！为什么不和我们出去散步呢？ What a lovely day today! _ with us?3. Mike过去常打篮球，但他现在对足球感兴趣。 _, but now he is interested in soccer.3. 你现在就给他看这幅地图，好吗？ _ the map right now?4. 我认为父母不会阻止我尝试这个新想法。 _ the new idea.丰台1. 我认为他不会来了。 I _ he will come.2. 直到雨停了，同学们才回家。 The students _ the rain stopped.3. 多吃蔬菜有好处。 _ eat more vegetables.4. 当你遇到困难时，为什么不请求帮助呢？ _ some help when you are in trouble?5. 他每天要玩多长时间电子游戏？ _ computer games every day?石景山1. 学好英语很有用。 _ English well.2. 请你一到学校就把书还我好吗？ Will you return me the book _?3. 直到为考试做好了准备，李雷才休息。 Li Lei _ he got ready for the exam.4. 他们将花十年的时间把山变绿。 It _ to make the mountains covered with trees.5. 她变化太大了，以至于我没能立刻想起她的名字。 She changed _ her name at once.二、完形填空。AHow can you think in English? I think the best way is to practise as what a football player does every day. During the 1the football player will pass the ball to his teammates over and over again. So he wont have to 2 passing the ball in the game, he will just do it. You can 3yourself to think in English this way. The first step is to think of the words that you use daily, simple everyday words 4book or shoe or tree. For example, whenever you5a “book” you should think of it in English instead of in your mother language.After you have learned to think of several words in English, then move on to the next step thinking in 6. Listening and repeating is a very useful 7to learn a language. Listen first and dont care too much about 8you fully understand what youre hearing. Try to repeat what you hear. The more you listen, the9you learn. After you reach a higher level,10having conversations with yourself in English. This will lead you to think in English.1. A. practiceB. breakC. gameD. day2. A. wait forB. think aboutC. look at D. give up3. A. allow B. trainC. tellD. ask4. A. inB. aboutC. likeD. from5. A. buy B. keep C. borrowD. see6. A. sentences B. passages C. lessons D. classes7. A. ideaB. step C. way D. plan8. A. which B. whetherC. how D. why9. A. harderB. less C. later D. more10. A. remember B. stop C. start D. finishBThe pictures show eighteen - year- old Katy Ross in Nepal, a small country in north India. Katy1school 8 months ago and soon she will go to university. She loves traveling and decided to visit Asia2she goes to university.Katy is living with a family in the capital of Nepal. She has3a lot about the country since she arrived 4 months ago. The family has two children but many uncles and cousins live with 4in their big house. They have taken Katy to many parties.Katy teaches for four hours a day at a small 5. All the classes are in English and the pupils have spoken English since the6of six. The older children speak English very7. Katy has taught writing, grammar and art, all in English. She enjoys art the most. And she thinks the children like the lessons best, too. Katy has not a lot of time to8Nepal, but soon she will stop teaching and travel around Nepal 9a friend. “After that” Katy says, “we will visit more countries in Asia. Were not 10which ones yet.”1. A. left B. foundC. visitedD. reached2. A. before B. when C. afterD. while3. A. used B. taught C. made D. learnt4. A. us B. himC. herD. them5.