cacti安装文档.doc

RedHat4Linux此文档必要的系统环境：配置好IP地址GCC编译器已安装、系统没有默认安装MYSQL（有的话就清除掉）、安装系统时开放22号端口（用来传软件包），上传工具：WINSCP工具建立mysql用户和组#groupadd g 200 mysql#useradd mysql g mysql配置系统IP地址(这里采用写入配置文件的方法)#vi/etc/sysconfig/network-scriipt/ifcnf_eth0DEVICE=eth0ONBOOT=yesBOOTPROTO=staticIPADDR=5NETMASK=GATEWAY=切换到末端模式wq保存退出。如果要系统上网需配置DNS# vi /etc/resolv.confsearch comnameserver 8nameserver 9wq保存退出重启网卡#service network restart都出现OK就没问题，重启失败的话，看提示哪行出错，返回更正。一：mysq的安装与配置软件包：mysql-5.0.18.tar.gz将软件包件上传到/usr/local/目录下#cd /sur/local#tar zxvf mysql-5.0.18.tar.gz#cd mysql-5.0.18#./configure -prefix=/usr/local/mysql #make#make install#cp /usr/local/mysql-5.0.18/support-files/f /etc/fcp: overwrite /etc/f? y#cd /usr/local/mysql/bin# ./mysql_install_db -user=mysql 初始化mysq数据库修改mysql目录的所有权,一般mysql无法按指定用户启动都是因为目录权限问题#cd /usr/local#chgrp R mysql-5.0.18#chgrp R mysql mysql#chown R mysql mysql-5.0.18#chown R mysql mysql/var #cd /#ln s /usr/local/mysql/bin/* /usr/local/bin/ 建立命令符号文件链接以便mysql命令可以使用。启动mysql#cd /usr/local/mysql/bin# ./mysqld_safe -user=mysql查看mysql端口号3306是否开启处于帧听状态#netstat tunlProto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address Statetcp 0 0 :32769 :* LISTENtcp 0 0 :3306 :* LISTEN设置系统启动时自动启动mysql进程#cd /#vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local#!/bin/sh# This script will be executed *after* all the other init scripts.# You can put your own initialization stuff in here if you dont# want to do the full Sys V style init stuff.touch /var/lock/subsys/local/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe -user=mysql &加入这一行表示在后台运行保存退出为root建立mysql密码#cd /usr/local/mysql#bin/mysqladmin u root password 123456修改mysql的最大连接数#cd /#vi /etc/f 在最后页加入以下内容mysqldset-variable=max_connections=1000 set-variable=max_user_connections=500 set-variable=wait_timeout=200/最大连接数1000/每用户最大连接数500/最大等待时间，即200秒后将关闭空闲的连接保存退出，重启系统或重启mysql，个人认为重启系统比较保险。(重启命令:init 6)查看是否修改成功#cd /# mysqladmin -u root -p variablesEnter password:le_views_with_limit | YES | version | 5.0.18-log | version_comment | Source distribution | version_compile_machine | i686 | version_compile_os | pc-linux-gnu | wait_timeout | 200 |+-+-+如果能看到刚才修改的内容表示成功了，至此，mysql安装完毕。二：apache的安装软件包：httpd-2.2.4.tar.gz将软件包上传到/usr/local/目录下#cd /usr/local#tar -zxvf httpd-2.2.4.tar.gz#cd httpd-2.2.4# ./configure -prefix=/usr/local/apache -enable-so 让apache核心装载DSO,./configure help查看一下参数格式#make#make install#cd /usr/local/apache修改httpd.conf#vi apache/conf/httpd.conf 查找到（/ServerName :80） 改为：ServerName 3:80 有域名填域名，没有就填本地IP地址。记得去掉#号保存退出启动apache#cd /# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl -k start#netstat tnl 查看httpd的80端口是否开启Active Internet connections (only servers)Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address Statetcp 0 0 :32769 :* LISTENtcp 0 0 :3306 :* LISTENtcp 0 0 :111 :* LISTENtcp 0 0 :631 :* LISTENtcp 0 0 :25 :* LISTENtcp 0 0 :80 :* LISTENtcp 0 0 :22 :* LISTEN让系统启动时启动apache服务#cd /#vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl -k start加入此行保存退出三：PHP的安装先安装：zlib,freetype,libpng,jpeg以便于让PHP支持GD库1：安装zlib软件包：zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz将软件包上传到/usr/local/目录下#cd /usr/local#tar zxvf zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz#cd zlib-1.2.3#./configure -prefix=/usr/local/zlib#make#make install2:安装lipgng软件包：libpng-1.2.16.tar.tar上传软件包到/usr/local/目录下#cd /usr/local/#tar zxvf libpng-1.2.16.tar.tar#cd libpng-1.2.16#cd scripts#mv makefile.linux ./makefile#cd .#make:make install3:安装freetype软件包：freetype-2.3.4 .tar.gz将软件包上传到/usrlocal/目录下#cd /usr/local/#tar zxvf freetype-2.3.4.tar.gz#cd freetype-2.3.4#./configure -prefix=/usr/usr/local/freetype#make#make install4：安装jpeg软件包：jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz将软件包上传到/usr/local/目录下#cd /usr/local/#tar zxvf jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz#cd jpeg-6b/#mkdir /usr/local/libjpeg #mkdir /usr/local/libjpeg/include #mkdir /usr/local/libjpeg/bin #mkdir /usr/local/libjpeg/lib #mkdir /usr/local/libjpeg/man #mkdir /usr/local/libjpeg/man/man1 (数字1)#./configure -prefix=/usr/local/libjpeg -enable-shared -enable-static#make#make install5：安装fontconfig软件包：fontconfig-2.4.2.tar.gz将软件包上传到/usr/local/目录下#cd /usr/local/#tar zxvf fontconfig-2.4.2.tar.gz#cd fontconfig-2.4.2#./configure -with-default-fonts=/usr/local/fontconfig#make #make install6：安装gd软件包：gd-2.0.35.tar.gz将软件包上传到/usr/local/目录下#cd /usr/local/#tar zxvf gd-2.0.35.tar.gz#./configure -prefix=/usr/local/libgd -with-png -with-freetype=/usr/local/freetype -with-jpeg=/usr/local/libjpeg显示如下(红色的)即编译环境正常，如果出现no的话，要看是哪个不正常再重新安装一下checking for joinable pthread attribute. PTHREAD_CREATE_JOINABLEchecking if more special flags are required for pthreads. no* Configuration summary for gd 2.0.34: Support for PNG library: yes Support for JPEG library: yes Support for Freetype 2.x library: yes Support for Fontconfig library: yes Support for Xpm library: yes Support for pthreads: yesconfigure: creating ./config.status#make#make install#vi /etc/ld.so.conf/usr/local/zlib/lib /usr/local/freetype/lib /usr/local/libjpeg/lib /usr/local/libgd/lib保存退出并执行ldconfig命令，使用动态装入器装载找到共享库7：安装libxml软件包：libxml2-2.6.28.tar.gz将软件上传到/usr/local/目录下#cd /sur/local/#tar zxvf libxml2-2.6.28.tar.gz#cd libxml-2.6.28#./configure#make;make install8：安装php软件包：php-5.2.6.tar.gz将软件包上传到/usr/local/目录下#cd /usr/local#tar zxvf php-5.2.6.tar.gz#cd php-5.2.6#./configure -prefix=/usr/local/php -with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs -with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql -with-gd=/usr/local/libgd -enable-gd-native-ttf -with-ttf -enable-gd-jis-conv -with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype -with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/libjpeg -with-png-dir=/usr -with-zlib-dir=/usr/local/zlib -enable-xml -enable-mbstring -enable-sockets#make#make install#cp php.ini-recommended /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini#cd .#vi /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf查找以下字段：312行AddType application/x-compress .Z AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz在其下添加以下字段(注意:x-tar与.tgz中间有空格，三个字段都空格) AddType application/x-tar .tgz AddType application/x-httpd-php .php AddType image/x-icon .ico查找字段：DirectoryIndex index.html ：167行修改为如下：DirectoryIndex index.php index.html index.html.var保存退出重启apache#/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl k stop#/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl k start如果重启出错，vi /etc/selinux/config 将SELINUX=enforcing 改成SELINUX=disabled 需要重启测试php能否正常运行# vi /usr/local/apache/htdocs/test.php写入以下内容：保存退出重启apache# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl -k stop# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl -k start在浏览器中输入：/test.php进行测试,看能否打开PHP页面,四：安装RRDTool绘图工具安装说明：此软件包的2.11版本有没问题，绘图会出错。安装rrdtool之前确保安装了这些库zlib libpng freetype libart_lgplcgilibtar zxvf cgilib-0.5.tar.gzcd cgilib-0.5makecp libcgi.a /usr/local/libcp cgi.h /usr/include软件包：rrdtool-1.2.13.tar.gz将软件包上传到/usr/local/目录下#cd /usr/local#tar zxvf rrdtool-1.2.13.tar.gz#cd rrtdtool-1.2.13#./configure -disable-tcl -prefix=/usr/local/rrdtool完成后建立连接符号# ln -s /usr/local/rrdtool/bin/* /usr/local/bin/执行如下命令，如能出现版本内容即安装完成#rrdtoolrootwinsonrong /# rrdtoolRRDtool 1.2.11 Copyright 1997-2005 by Tobias Oetiker Compiled Thu Jul 29 06:48:21 CST 2010Usage: rrdtool options command command_optionsValid commands: create, update, updatev, graph, dump, restore, last, first, info, fetch, tune, resize, xportRRDtool is distributed under the Terms of the GNU GeneralPublic License Version 2. (/copyleft/gpl.html)For more information read the RRD manpages五：安装net-snmp软件包：net-snmp-5.2.6.tar.gz将软件上传到/usr/local/目录下#cd /usr/local#tar zxvf net-snmp-5.2.6.tar.gz#cd net-snmp5.2.6#./configure -prefix=/usr/local/net-snmp -enable-developer 如果编译出错换高一点的版本出现等待窗口时直接按enter继续#make#make install# cp EXAMPLE.conf /usr/local/net-snmp/share/snmp/snmpd.conf#cd .#ln s /usr/local/net-snmp/bin/* /usr/local/bin/启动snmp服务，查看161端是否打开#/usr/local/net-snmp/sbin/snmpd#netstat tunl添加开机自动运行nsmp#vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local/usr/local/net-snmp/sbin/snmpd保存退出进行snmp配置文件的修改，高版本的snmp一般都做了相应的配置，无需多做修改#vi /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf查找字段：view all included .1 80 去除前面#号使其生效查看以下字段，如果没有就作相应修改# source community com2sec notConfigUser default public 将comunity字段改为你要设置的密码.此例中需要把public改掉，因为public是一个不安全标识，改成自已想要的。并将“default”改为你想哪台机器可以看到你的snmp信息,此例为：5查找以下字段：# group context sec.model sec.level prefix read write notif access notConfigGroup any noauth exact roview none none 将read字段下的值改为all，此例中是将roview改为all并去掉#号保存退出再次启动snmp并查看161端口是否打开了# /etc/init.d/snmpd start如果你使用S-C模式的话，你的Server端只需安装cacti，不用开启snmpd服务，其他的Client端需要开启snmpd服务，并且default处设置为你的Server端地址，保证安全最后测试监控机的snmp连接,出现如下为正常# snmpwalk -v2c -c public 5 systemrootwinsonrong /# snmpwalk -v2c -c public 5 systemSNMPv2-MIB:sysDescr.0 = STRING: Linux 2.6.9-34.EL #1 Fri Feb 24 16:44:51 EST 2006 i686SNMPv2-MIB:sysObjectID.0 = OID: NET-SNMP-MIB:netSnmpAgentOIDs.10SNMPv2-MIB:sysUpTime.0 = Timeticks: (4234) 0:00:42.34SNMPv2-MIB:sysContact.0 = STRING: Root (configure /etc/snmp/snmp.local.conf)SNMPv2-MIB:sysName.0 = STRING: SNMPv2-MIB:sysLocation.0 = STRING: Unknown (edit /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf)SNMPv2-MIB:sysORLastChange.0 = Timeticks: (9) 0:00:00.09SNMPv2-MIB:sysORID.1 = OID: IF-MIB:ifMIBSNMPv2-MIB:sysORID.2 = OID: SNMPv2-MIB:snmpMIBSNMPv2-MIB:sysORID.3 = OID: TCP-MIB:tcpMIBSNMPv2-MIB:sysORID.4 = OID: IP-MIB:ipSNMPv2-MIB:sysORID.5 = OID: UDP-MIB:udpMIBSNMPv2-MIB:sysORID.6 = OID: SNMP-VIEW-BASED-ACM-MIB:vacmBasicGroupSNMPv2-MIB:sysORID.7 = OID: SNMP-FRAMEWORK-MIB:snmpFrameworkMIBComplianceSNMPv2-MIB:sysORID.8 = OID: SNMP-MPD-MIB:snmpMPDCompliance在cacti 监控管理工作站上1. 检查一下rra/下面,有没有数据2. snmpwalk -v 2c -c public ServerIP if 用来测试被控对象(serverIP)是否开启了SNMP服务3. snmpwalk -v 2c ServerIP -c public ..4.1.20 查看被控端是否有CPU负载的数据返回/usr/local/php/bin/php /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti/poller.php测试采集数据六：安装cacti软件包：cacti-0.8.7a.tar.gz将软件包上传到/usr/local目录下#cd /usr/local#tar zxvf cacti-0.8.7a.tar.gz# cp -r cacti-0.8.7a /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti# vi /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti/include/config.php修改以下红字段/* make sure these values refect your actual database/host/user/password */$database_type = mysql;$database_default = cacti;$database_hostname = localhost;$database_username = cacti;$database_password = cacti;$database_port = 3306;保存退出# useradd cacti# chown -R cacti /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti/rra# chgrp -R cacti /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti/转到cacti用户# su cacti为cacti