English Through Culture book one答案 Unit 8 - Bill Gates and His Empire.doc

Unite 8 Bill Gates and His Empire Close Reading Exercises I. 1. of 2. in, on, of, to 3. in, with, of 4. Of, in 5. to, for II. 1. The others are all trying like mad to get somewhere else before the market changes and their businesses collapse. 2. Each man consciously worked to create an industry out of something that everyone else thought was a pure waste of time. 3. Cadillac, Oldsmobile thats it, or almost it. 4. The same is true for a list of Microsoft competitors from 1975. 5. But a factor not to be dismissed in this industrial survival game is sheer determination. 6. Their objective was to be here fifteen or fifty years later, still being the leaders and running the companies. 7. This is not because they expect to fail in their current ventures but because they expect to lose interest and go on to something new. 8. But then Ford intended his cars to be the best, but he resigned, instead, to the idea that they would be making the most popular cars. 9. Its not like that at Microsoft yet, but there are quite a bit of emotions there, and Chairman Bill, after all, is only a young man. 10. As it was sliding towards a major market disaster, Microsoft was saved only through the efforts of some courageous people. 11. The program manager for Omega, who was so single-mindedly concerned with bringing together his enormous project, reported only good news to his superiors. III. 1. He was ahead of his time about foreign language teaching. While most people were fascinated by language labs, he was working on teaching a foreign language in a computer lab. 2. Chinas mens football team was a great disappointment in the past. Their scores at international games hardly came close to what millions of football fans expected of them. 3. He could not afford a car that time and had to settle for going to work on his bike. 4. Some people believe that with the rapid development of computer software sponsored by big companies like Microsoft, there is room for innovation. 5. Seeing so many homeless people on the streets at night, I could not imagine what they had to do for a living during the day. IV. 1. A list of Fords competitors from 1908 would include very few names that are still in the car business today. 2. So why are Ford and Microsoft still in existence when their contemporaries are nearly all gone? 3. Part of the answer must be the inevitably high failure rate of companies in new industries. 4. Both Gates and Ford were determined to be long lasting in their industries. 5. Nobody is too concerned with whether their current business will be a factor in the market ten or twenty years from now. 6. Both Ford and Gates employed as their subordinates only yes-men and yes-women. 7. The need is so great at Microsoft for news to be good that warning signs are not taken seriously and major problems are often pushed aside until it is too late. V. 1. I heard that he again did not do well enough in this final exam; he got an 82 thats about it. 2. If you plan to write books for a living, you should work on your rhetoric beginning from now. 3. There is no need to lose sleep over her career. She is so talented in mathematics that she can easily find a position in any of the newly established companies. She is well aware of the fact and will take full advantage of it. 4. A few years ago he worked like hell and had the ambition to become the head honcho of the PC software industry. But the performance of his company hardly came close to what people expected. He no longer dreams of calling the shots, as he is now beginning to wonder if his company will still be around in a couple of years. 5. His thinking is always ahead of his time. As early as at the beginning of the 11990s, he began considering how to make new products to meet the needs of the twenty-first century. 6. He thought that he could win the first place in the National English Speech Contest, but he eventually had to settle for the fourth place. Further Reading (Passage II) Multiple Choice Exercises 1. b 2. d 3. c 4. c 5. c 6. b 7. c 8. b 9. b 10. c Listening Exercises for Listening Comprehension I. 1. c 2. d 3. b II. 1. F 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. TIII. 1. William H. Gates III stood in the checkout line at an all-night convenience store near his home in the Laurelhurst section of Seattle. It was about midnight, and he was holding a cart0n of butter pecan ice cream. The line inched forward, and eventually it was his turn to pay. He put some money on the counter, along with the ice cream, and then began to search his pockets. 2. “He really should have his colors done,” one of the women of Microsoft said to me as we watched Chairman Bill make a presentation in his favorite tan suit and green tie. 3. Most of Gatess energy is saved for the Boys Club 212 acres of forested office park in Redmond, Washington, where 10,000 workers wait to do his bidding. Everything there, too, is Bill-centric, there is little or no adult supervision, and the soft drinks are free. Writing Writing Exercises 1. Gatess goal was to monopolize the PC software industry: he imagined that there would be millions of computers on desks and in homes and he saw Microsoft playing the central role in making this future a reality. 2. It is not difficult to understand why programmers can be good at one thing and so bad at another since programming is an individual sport. 3. Gates was divided between his adolescent need to dominate and his adult need to inspire. Therefore he had to invent a system that could satisfy both needs. 4. It was Charles Simony who served as the instrument for Microsoft to grow yet to remain under the creative thumb of Bill Gates. Simony joined Microsoft in 1979. Guided Writing: Summary I. In the 1920s Gates envisioned a future when Microsoft would dominate the PC software industry, but to make his vision a reality Gates needed a method of governing his creation. During the first few years of Microsoft, Gates read all the computer codes written by the other programmers and nearly rewrote everyt