GMAT, 语法部分 SC易错题.docxVIP

SC易错题、典型题汇总1. Not onlybut( also) VS. Notbut 如果你一眼看出这个句子考not only，but also于是开始找答案，恭喜你，又上当了。做题的时候要弄清楚句子的意思是递进还是转折,如果是递进not only.but also 没问题,如果是转折的话,就要考虑一下是否是GMAC的陷阱了, but/but also才是表示转折的意思.其中also可以省略。not only .but also表示并列，不能表示转折，不要有先入为主的感觉认为not only.but also必须一起出现。单独出现but also是可能的，此时表示的是转折。Not only did the systematic clearing of forests in the United States create farmland (especially in the Northeast) and gave consumers relatively inexpensive houses and furniture, but it also caused erosion and very quickly deforested whole regions A. Not only did the systematic clearing of forests in the United States create farmland (especially in the Northeast) and gave consumers relatively inexpensive houses and furniture, but it alsoB. Not only did the systematic clearing of forests in the United States create farmland (especially in the Northeast), which gave consumers relatively inexpensive houses and furniture, but alsoC. The systematic clearing of forests in the United States, creating farmland (especially in the Northeast) and giving consumers relatively inexpensive houses and furniture, but alsoD. The systematic clearing of forests in the United States created farmland (especially in the Northeast) and gave consumers relatively inexpensive houses and furniture, but it alsoE. The systematic clearing of forests in the United States not only created farmland (especially in the Northeast), giving consumers relatively inexpensive houses and furniture, but itA. not only 位于句首时，所引导的句子要用倒装，give和create是and连接的两个并列成分，而时态已经被did提前，只能用原形，所以这里gave错；But it also在此没有错，例见本题后补充的大全354。 B. Which定语从句修饰farmland，逻辑意义错误，是systematic clearing给了consumers houses and furniture，不是farmland。 C. But also之前分句缺谓语 D. Correct；But it also转折前后句，说明systematic clearing既带来了好东西，也带了坏东西，also的使用，精妙。 E. Giving修饰created,改变了原来的句意：并列的两个动作；Not onlybut也可以，例见大全189、241.2. As much as VS. more than 倍数的多种表达-twice (as much as) sth.; -X times adj. than; -X times as adj. as; double sth。as,than可以做比较从句的主语，例：In one of the bloodiest battles of the Civil War, fought at Sharpsburg, Maryland, on September 17, 1862, four times as many Americans were killed as would later be killed on the beaches of Normandy during D-Day. As指代了americansProviding initial evidence that airports are a larger source of pollution than they were once believed to be, environmentalists in Chicago report that the total amount of pollutant emitted annually by vehicles at OHare International Airport is twice as much as that which is being emitted annually by all motor vehicles in the Chicago metropolitan areaA. as much as that which is being emitted annually by allB. as much annually as is emitted by theC. as much compared to what is annually emitted by allD. that emitted annually by allE. that emitted annually compared to theA is being错误，且as可以做比较从句的主语，删去being后可以直接用as much as is emitted annually；但是即便如此amount X is twice as much as amount Y也不如直接twice amount Y简洁B annually位置错误，应该放在is emitted后面修饰emittedC ascompared to搭配错误；what is annually emitted by all中what的范围大于the total amount of pollutant，而且其实可以简化D Correct；twice后面可以直接接名词，twice as much as也是对的E compared to多余，且compared to的比较两端不平行，一边是pollutants，一边是motor vehicles3. With引导的独立主格结构独立主格，表示伴随，所以必须修饰主谓宾结构，而非主系表结构。独立主格三种形式：1)一般形式（独立部分与主句部分无太多关联）n.+n.，n.+V-ed/v-ing，n.+介词短语/形容词短语2)with形式（与主句主语有紧密的逻辑关系）：with+宾语+宾补，如：with+n.+v-ed/v-ing/介词短语/形容词短语3)each形式（必须前面有复数名词）： each+v-ed/v-ing，each+介词短语/形容词短语，each+n.+介词短语*：with型独立主格在GMAT中常常被判累赘。Unlike the short flights of the shuttle and earlier spacecraft, which carried sufficient power in fuel cells and batteries, a permanently orbiting space station will have to generate its own electricity.A. the short flights of the shuttle and earlier spacecraft, which carried sufficient power in fuel cells and batteries,B. the shuttle and earlier spacecraft, with sufficient enough power in fuel cells and batteries for their short flights,C. the short flights of the shuttle and earlier spacecraft, which enabled them to carry sufficient enough power in fuel cells and batteries,D. the shuttle and earlier spacecraft, which were capable of carrying sufficient power in fuel cells and batteries for their short flights,E. the flights of the shuttle and earlier spacecraft, whose shortness allowed them to carry sufficient power in fuel cells and batteries,A. 比较对象不对等，Unlike后的关键字是the short flights，而比较对象是a space stationB. Sufficient和enough同义词重复；With引导独立主格结构有修饰歧义C. 比较对象错误同A；which指代的是shuttle and earlier spacecraft，它们逻辑上无法成为enable的动作发出者；them指代不清晰；sufficient和enough同义词重复D. Correct；句子含义为shuttle和spacecraft有能力带足够完成短程飞行的powerE. 比较对象错误同A；whose指代flights，them指代不清晰；逻辑错误，并不是短程允许了他们可以带足够的power，而是他们能带足够的power来完成短程飞行4. Subjunctive mood 虚拟语气的考查考点： 平行结构（parallelism） 句子结构（grammatical construction） 1. 虚拟语气的几种形式再重复： If + Present , future if X happens, Y will happen If + past, would /could + verb if X happened, Y would happen if X were to happen, Y would happen If + past perfect , would/could + have + verb 2. 指代问题。 Scientists have identified an asteroid, 2000 BF19, that is about half a mile wide and, if it strikes Earth, it can do tremendous damage to part of the planet but probably not cause planetwide destruction. A. and, if it strikes Earth, it can do tremendous damage to part of the planet but B. and, if it would strike Earth, part of the planet could experience a tremendous amount of damage but it would C. a