初三第五讲学案.docxVIP

第五讲 有用的宾语从句适用学科初中英语适用年级初三教材版本通用课时时长（分钟）90知识点that引导的宾语从句，特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句，whether/if引导的宾语从句教学目标掌握宾语从句的概念及其识别要领。学会使用正确的引导词连接相应的宾语从句教学重点宾语从句引导词的选择教学难点Whether与if的区别教学过程一、复习预习同学们，我相信通过上一节课的学习，你们一定能够根据英语单词写出对应的汉语意思，Try your best to doit!maybe adv _especially adv _barbecued ad _mutton n _beer n _fried ad _candy n _contain vt _sugar n _sleepy adj _daily ad _realize v _importance n _healthy adj _decide v _firstly adv _balanced adj _diet n _instead adv _fruit n _provide v _plenty n _vitamins n _energetic adj _example n _potatoes n _noodles n _secondly adv _exercise n _strong adj _finally n _habits n _damage n/v _conclusion n _decisions n _future n _most of the._fried food _do sports _used to do _such as_sports meeting_fell behind _keep a balanced diet_say goodbye to_be used to doing_plenty of _for example_had better_get rid of_bad habits _in conclusion_stick to_lead a. life_in the future_at that time_do well in_二、知识讲解考点易错点1、宾语从句的定义： 关于宾语1. 宾语是动作的承受者，一般放在及物动词后面。如：Our team beat all the others.我们的球队打败了所有其他球队。2.有时为了强调，宾语也可以放在句首，如：Two weeks you shall have .你可以有两周的时间。3.名词作宾语 Face the facts!4.代词作宾语 They wont hurt us.5. 数词作宾语 If you add 5 to 5, you get 10 宾语是句子的一个重要成分，它可以由名词、代词、名词短语或句子充当。当一个句子充当宾语时， 这个句子就叫做宾语从句。考点易错点2、宾语从句的结构形式 宾语从句结构 1、主句+ that（无词义，可省略）+从句（陈述句语序） 2、主句+ whether / if （是否）+从句（陈述句语序） 3、主句+疑问词+从句（陈述句语序） 考点易错点3：宾语从句的引导词引导宾语从句的引导词按所引导的句子结构特点可以分为三类。1、that 引导的宾语从句原句如果是陈述句，变宾语从句时要用 that 引导，that 无实义，只起到引导的作用。在口语和非正式文体中常可省略。如:(1)我想我可以卖报纸。_(2)我知道他是一名加拿大运动员。_(3)你认为孩子们需要写一首歌吗？_(4)玛丽亚说她不喜欢校服。_2、whether/if引导的宾语从句原句若是一般疑问句，变宾语从句时用whether /if 引导，whether /if意为“是否”。如： (1)知道西方国家的人是否是一吃完饭就离开。_(2)你能不能告诉我吃饭时大声讲话是否有礼貌？_(3) 我不知道你是否正确。_注意：whether/if 引导的宾语从句用法区别用whether /if “是否”引导的宾语从句，通常情况下whether /if 可以互换。但以下情况 whether 不能 用if 换：（1）Whether后面紧跟有or not时。如：我不知道是否会下雨。_我不知道我们是去还是留。_（2）在介词之后用whether。如：我关心的是他是否喜欢英语。_我担心是否伤了她的感情。_（3）在不定式前用whether。如：他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人。_我不知去否。_他还未决定是乘公共汽车去还是坐火车去。_（4）whether 引导主语从句位于句首首时。如：他们是乘飞机去还是乘火车去还没有定下。_（5）有些动词 (如：discuss) 后面只能跟whether，不能跟if。 如：我们商量是否让他加入我们队。_（6）whether 可以与虚词it连用，并可引导不定式，但if 不能这样用。 如：他是否会来还不清楚。_（7）引导主语从句和表语从句时宜用whether。如：她是否能来还是个问题。_问题是我们能否赶上公共汽车。_（8）若用if会引起歧义时，则用whether。如：Please let me know if you like the book可理解为：aPlease let me know whether you like the book请告诉我你是否喜欢这本书。bIf you like the book，please let me know你如果喜欢这本书，请告诉我。3、疑问词引导的宾语从句原句如果是特殊疑问句，变宾语从句时要用特殊疑问词引导。疑问词包括疑问代词（what, which, who, whose) 和疑问副词（when, how, where, why)。 如：你知道那边那个人是谁吗？_你也许会问北美洲的人在特殊的日子里穿什么衣服。_我问汤姆他最喜欢的是那一道中国菜。_.我不知道谁会来英语角。_考点易错点4：宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序一定要使用陈述句语序。根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分，可分为以下四种：（1）连接词谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见的连接词有： who，what，which等。如：你能告诉我谁知道答案吗？_这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西？_（2）连接词名词谓语。连接词在从句中作主语的定语。常见的连接词有：whose，what，which，how many，how much等。如：他问我们班上谁的书法最好。_老师问我们房间里有多少人。_（3）连接词主语谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。常见的连接词有：who（m），what，which，how many，how much， when，why，how，where，if whether（在句中不充当任何成分）等。如：他还没决定是否去无锡旅行。_你能告诉我我如何处理这笔钱吗？_（4）连接词名词主语谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语。常见的连接词有：what，which，how many，how much，how等。如：你知道他在哪个班吗？_她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。_考点易错点5：宾语从句主句与从句时态一致的问题（1）如果主句是一般现在时，从句可根据需要选用相应的任何时态。如：我不知道他将何时回来。_他告诉我他姐姐昨天回来了。_（2）如果主句是过去时，宾语从句只可根据需要选用过去时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时的某一种形式。如：孩子们不知道他是谁。_他问他父亲这件事是如何发生的。_（3）如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句用什么时态，从句时态都用一般现在时。如：老师说地球绕着太阳转。_三、例题精析【例题1】 【题干】 改为含有宾语从句的复合句： “My father works in a bank,” Zhang Hui says. Zhang Hui says his father in a bank. 【例题2】 【题干】改为含有宾语从句的复合句： “Do you have any rooms to rent?” she asked me. She asked me I any rooms to rent.【例题3】 【题干】根据汉语完成英语句子： 告诉我你是什么意思。 Tell me . 出租车司机问我想去哪里。 The taxi driver asked me to go.【例题4】 【题干】判断句子的正误并改正： I dont know who is he talking to. 【例题5】 【题干】用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空：来源:学,科,网 David says he （like）Chinese food very much. I know that you （have）a meeting next week. 【例题6】 【题干】改为含有宾语从句的复合句： “I have been to Beijing,” Lucy said. Lucy said she to Beijing. 【例题7】 【题干】Our physics teacher told us light faster than sound last term. A. travels B. travel C. traveled D. traveling【例题8】 【题干】I didnt understand . So I raised my hand to ask. A. what my teacher says B. what does my teacher say C. what my teacher said D. what did my teacher say 四、同步训练【基础】1.Have you decided _for Australia?A. when will you leave B. when do you leaveC. you will leave when D. when you will leave2.Can you tell me _ ?A. where does Tom live B. where Tom lived C. Tom lives where D. where Tom lives3.The old man asked me _ .A. where was the cinema B. where is the cinemaC. where the cinema was D. where was the way to the cinema4.I think _ you will like him. A. that B. if C. why D. how5.I didnt know _ he will come or not. A. that B. whether C. weather D. how6.I wonder _ .A. how much cost these shoes B. how much do these shoes costC. how much these shoes cost D. how much are these shoes cost7.She asked me _ . A. who he was B. who was he C. who is he D. who he is8.Ask him _.A. whose cup this is B. whose cup is this C. this is whose cup D. whose is this cup9.I dont know _ .A. what time the movie starts B. what time starts the movieC. the time to start the movie D. the movie what time starts10.The doctor asked me how long _ .A. was I ill B. have I been ill C. I have been ill D. I had been ill【巩固】11.The weather forecast doesnt say _.A. if it rains tomorrow B. if does it rain tomorrowC. if it will rain tomorrow D. if will it rain tomorrow12.Do you know _?A. whose pen is this B. whose pen this isC. whom does the pen belong to D. whom the pen belong to13.Could you tell me where _?A. the tape was B. was the tape C. the tape is D. is the tape14.They want to know _?A. where is the hospital B. how old are youC. when the train will leave D. why is the boy crying15.Tony wanted to know _.A. what had Father Christmas put in his stocking B. when Father Christmas had put in his stockingC. what Father Christmas had put in his stockingD. where Father Christmas had put in his stocking【拔高】16.No one knows _ the professor will come to our school tomorrow to give us a talk or not. A. when B. whether C. where D. if17.July didnt know_.A. where is Tims father B. when was the first watch madeC. who the old man is D. what was wrong with her watch18.No one told us _, so we need your help.A. how should we do B. what we should doC. what to do D. what should we do19.We dont know _ with the rubbish and it pollutes out land and sea.A. how do it B. how to do C. what do it D. what to do20.He asked me _.A. whether I find out the sender of the money B. whether did I find out the sender of the moneyC. whether the sender of the money found out D. whether I found out the sender of the money21. Did you hear _? A. what did I say B. what I said C. I said what D. what I say 22. Can you tell me _? A. which class you are in B. which class are you in C. you are in which class D. are you in which class 23. -Excuse me. Could you tell me _? - Certainly. A. when can I get to the station B. I can get to which station C. which station can I get to D. how I can get to the station 24. Could you tell me where _ yesterday? A. did you go B. you go C. you have gone D. you went 25. Tom asked me _. A. whose shirt was this B. whose shirt this was C. who shirt was this D. who shirt this was 课后作业【基础】1. Excuse me, could you tell me _? A. wheres the teachers office B. wheres the bus station C. whats she doing D. where the post office is 2. I want to see Mrs. Wang , but I dont know _. A. she lives where B. she where livesC. where she lives D. where does she live 3. - Go and ask Mr. White for help. - But I dont know _. A. where does he live B. where he lives C. where is he living D. he lives there 4. - Can you tell me _? - Yes, he lives in a small town. A. where he lives B. who is singing C. when he will leave D. what he said 5. Have you decided _ for London? A. when will you leave B. when you will leave C. when are you going D. when you are going 6. Excuse me. Could you tell me _our tickets? A. where do we show B. where shall we show C. where did we show D. where we shall show 7. - What are you interested in about cooking food? - We are all interested in _. A. how egg is fried B. how is egg friedC. How egg fries D. how does egg fry 8. Do you know _? A. what it is B. what is it C. who is he D. whose name is it 9. Do you know _? A. whose book is this B. whose book this is C. this book is whose D. whos book this is 10. I dont know _ now. A. where is my cat B. my cat is where C. where my cat is D. where my cat 【巩固】1. I dont know _ he will come tomorrow. _ he comes, Ill tell you A. if; Whether B. whether; Whether C. if; That D. if; If 2. I dont know _ the day after tomorrow. A. when does he come B. how will he come C. if he comes D. whether hell come 3. Could you tell me _the nearest hospital is? A. what B. how C. whether D. where 4. Could you tell me _ the radio without any help? A. how did he mend B. what did he mend C. how he mended D. what he mended 5. I want to know _. A. whom is she looking after B. whom she is looking C. whom is she looking D. whom she is looking after 6. Do you know where _ now? A. he lives B. does he live C. he lived D. did he live 7. Do you know what time _?A. the train leave B. does the train leave C. will the train leave D. the train leaves 8. I dont know _. Can you tell me, please? A. how the two players are old B. how old are the two players C. the two players are how old D. how old the two players are 9. The small children dont know _. A. what is their stockings in B. what is in their stockings C. where is their stockings in D. what in their stockings 10. I cant understand _. A. what does Christmas mean B. what Christmas does mean C. what mean Christmas does D. what Christmas means 【拔高】1. Some of my friends are interesting in science, but none of them can tell _. . A. when UFOs will appear next time B. why do horses know the way C. where was this kind of plant found D. how do elephants communicate2. -What time will Mr. Brown be back to China? -Sorry. I dont know _. . A. when did he go abroad B. why he is going abroad C. how soon will he be back D. how long he will stay abroad3. -May I come in ? Im sorry I am late. -Come in, please. But could you please tell me _. ? A. why you are late again B. what were you doing then C. who you talked with D. how do you come to school4. -Could y