第十章+虚拟语气.ppt

Chapter10虚拟语气 10 1 概说1 陈述语气2 祈使语气3 虚拟语气4 疑问语气 10 2真实条件句条件从句主句时态一般现在时shall will 动词原形Ifhecomes hewillbringhisviolin 典型例题Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit A willrainB rainsC rainedD israined 判断 Ifyouleavenow youarenevergoingtoregretit Ifyouleavenow youwillneverregretit 1 在真实条件句中 主句不能用begoingto表示将来 该用shall will 2 表示真理时 主句谓语动词便不用shall will 动词原形 而直接用一般现在时的动词形式 9 3 非真实 虚拟 条件句1 时态 可以表示过去 现在和将来的情况 它的基本特点是时态退后 a 同现在事实相反的假设 条件从句主句一般过去时should would 动词原形Iftheywerehere theywouldhelpyou b 表示与过去事实相反的假设 条件从句主句过去完成时should would have 过去分词 Ifshehadworkedharder shewouldhavesucceeded Practice Thericewouldnothavebeenburntifyouhadbeenmorecareful IfmylawyerhadbeenherelastSaturday hewouldhavepreventedmefromgoing Ifhehadcomeyesterday Ishould wouldhavetoldhimaboutit Ifhehadnotbeenillandmissedmanyclasses hewouldhavemadegreaterprogress c 表示对将来的假想条件从句主句一般过去时should 动词原形were 不定式would 动词原形should 动词原形Ifyousucceeded everythingwouldbeallright Ifyoushouldsucceed everythingwouldbeallright Ifyouweretosucceed everythingwouldbeallright 含蓄条件句有时不用if引导条件从句 而用介词短语 without otherwise butfor butthat 例如 Withoutair therewouldbenowindorclouds 没有空气就不会有风 也不会有云 Inthatcase wecouldhavedonetheworkbetter 如果那样的话 我们本可能把工作做得更好些的 Butforthestorm weshouldhavearrivedearlier 要是没有碰上暴雨 我们还会早一点到的 虚拟条件句的倒装 Iftheywereherenow theycouldhelpus Weretheyherenow theycouldhelpus Ifyouhadcomeearlier youwouldhavemethim Hadyoucomeearlier youwouldhavemethim Wereittorain thecropswouldbesaved Ifitweretorain thecropswouldbesaved 9 4 虚拟语气用于宾语从句中 1 wish的用法真实状况wish后现在时过去时过去时过去完成时将来时would could 动词原形 IwishIwereastallasyou Hewishedhehadn tsaidthat Iwishitwouldraintomorrow Practice Iwishit be springalltheyeararound were 2 V Objective Clause V 愿望 请求 建议 命令 Clause should V原 demand insist suggest command request order urge recommend intend ask prefer advise decide Isuggestedthatherefusetheofferproposedbythatcompany 3 wouldrather wouldsooner would just assoon clause 宁愿 希望别人做某事 主语A wouldrather that 主语B ed were表示对现在或将来的虚拟 主语A wouldrather that 主语B haddone 表示对过去的虚拟 I dratheryou come yesterday hadcome 9 5虚拟语气用于主语从句Itis was 形容词 过去分词 名词 that主语 should do 1 形容词important necessary natural possible essential appropriate advisable probable desirable preferable interesting strange odd amazing astonishing surprising annoying sorry 2 过去分词 desired suggested requesteddecided reported proposed ordered 3 apity nowonder 9 6虚拟语气用于状语从句 1 asif though引导的表语从句和方式状语从句 同wish Lintonlookedasthoughhe be illforalongtime were 2 某些连词引导的条件状语从句 incase unless suppose supposing providing provided onconditionthat i 动词的过去式 ii should 动词原形或者may might could would V原 Marydoesnotdaretogooutatnightincaseshe see somethingfrightening shouldsee 3 某些连词引导的目的状语从句 inorderthat sothat等 may might V原形或者can could V原形 Shelistenedcarefullyinorderthatshemightdiscoverexactlywhathewanted 4 某些连词引导的让步状语从句 lest forfearthat should V原 Hemakesanoteoftheassignmentlesthe forget it shouldforget 9 7虚拟语气用于表语从句和同位语从句 idea motion plan advice demand desire order proposal preference requirement suggestion decision recommendation should V原 Theadvicethatshe wait tillnextweekisreasonable should wait 9 8特殊句型 1 hadhoped thought 宾语从句 would V原 Mikehadhopedthatshewouldanswerhisletter 2 Itis high about good tim