第四章+英美小说汉译.ppt

第四章英美小说汉译 第一节第二节第三节第四节 第一节英国小说汉译 1 41 45 Original41 Itisatruthuniversallyacknowledged thatasinglemaninpossessionofagoodfortune mustbeinwantofawife Howeverlittleknownthefeelingsorviewsofsuchamanmaybeonhisfirstenteringaneighbourhood thistruthissowellfixedinthemindsofthesurroundingfamilies thatheisconsideredastherightfulpropertyofsomeoneorotheroftheirdaughters Original41 continued MrBennetwassooddamixtureofquickparts sarcastichumor reserve andcaprice thattheexperienceofthreeandtwentyyearshadbeeninsufficienttomakehiswifeunderstandhischaracter Hermindwaslessdifficulttodevelop Shewasawomanofmeanunderstanding littleinformation anduncertaintemper Whenshewasdiscontentedshefanciedherselfnervous Thebusinessofherlifewastogetherdaughtersmarried itssolacewasvisitingandnews JaneAusten PrideandPrejudice 1Analysisoftheoriginal A GrammaticalanalysisB Stylisticanalysis A Grammaticalanalysis 1 Sentencestructure 2 Additionalcomplication 3 Notes 1 Sentencestructure Thepresentselectionconsistsofthreeparagraphs selectedfromthebeginningandtheendofthefirstchapterofthenovel Ofthethree thefirstparagraphiscomposedofasinglecomplexsentence consistingofamainclauseandasubjectclause thesecondparagraphisagaincomposedofasinglecomplexsentence consistingofanadverbialclauseofconcessionandamainclausefollowedbyanadverbialclauseofconsequence andthethirdparagraphiscomposedoffivesentences ofwhichthefirstisacomplexsentence consistingofamainclauseandaadverbialclauseofconsequence thesecondandthethirdaresimplesentences thefourthisagainacomplexsentence consistingofanadverbialclauseoftimeandamainclause andthelastisacompoundsentence composedoftwocoordinateclauses 2 Additionalcomplication Thefirstparagraphisanemphaticsentence whereitservesastheformalsubjectwhilethenominalclauseintroducedbythatservesastherealsubject thesentenceinthesecondparagraphbeginswithanadverbialclause andinthelastparagraph thefourthsentencebeginswithanadverbialclause 3 Notes Ofhoweverlittleknownthefeelingsorviewsofsuchamanmaybeonhisfirstenteringaneighbourhood thistruthissowellfixedinthemindsofthesurroundingfamilies thatheisconsideredastherightfulpropertyofsomeoneorotheroftheirdaughters thebackbonestructureishoweverlittleknownthefeelingsorviews thistruthissowellfixed that B Stylisticanalysis 1 Overallstylisticfeatures 2 Periodicity 3 Structuralcomplication 4 Parallelstructure 5 Cohesivedevice 6 Structuralandlexicalformality 1 Overallstylisticfeatures Inthefirstparagraph thefirstpartofthesentenceiscomposedofformalwordssuchastruth universal acknowledged etc togivetheimpressionthattheparagraphunderdiscussionmustbeconcernedwithamatterofmagnitudeandgreatsignificance However inthelastpartofthesentence especiallyinmustbeinwantofawife notonlywordsofdailyuseareemployedbutalsothetheywordsrevealthatitisactuallyconcernedwithatrivialofmarryingone sdaughtersout hencetheironictone Overallstylisticfeatures continued TheexpressionsomeoneorotheroftheirdaughtersisironicinthatitdisclosesMrsBennet sideathatnomatterwhichofthefivedaughtersismarriedout insofarasitisherdaughter itwillbeamatterofgreatesthappiness Theexpressionalsoindicatesthatofthefivedaughters shegivesalmostnopreferencetoany However asrevealedinthechapterstocome MrBennetalwaysgivespreferencetoElizabeth seconddaughterofthefive Overallstylisticfeatures continued Inthelastparagraphofthefirstchapter acontrastispresentedbetweenpersonalitiesofMrandMrsBennetinthatindescribingMrBennet spersonality parallelstructureisturnedtoandthedescriptionofMrsBennet spersonalityisalmostcompletelycomposedofloosesentences Thischoiceofsentencestructure reinforcedbythecorrespondingdifferencesinthechoiceofvocabulary isquitesymbolic Overallstylisticfeatures continued Intheselection especiallyinthelastparagraph parallelstructuresareused Inthefirstparagraph owingtotheuseofthespecialsentencepattern expectationandsuspensioniscreatedonthepartofthereaderandanironictoneisimplied Inthelastparagraph differentsentencepatternsareusedtosymbolizethedifferentpersonalitiesofthemanandhiswife 2 Periodicity Thesentenceinthefirstparagraphisperiodicinstructurefortheinvertedorder thesentenceinthesecondparagraphisalsoperiodicforthebeginningwithanadverbialclause andthefourthsentenceinthethirdparagraphisperiodicalsoforthebeginningwithanadverbialclause 3 Structuralcomplication Thesentenceinthefirstparagraph thatinthesecondparagraph andthefirstandfourthsentencesinthethirdparagrapharestructurallycomplicatedasrevealedbythegrammaticalanalysis 4 Parallelstructure Parallelstructuresarefrequentlyused forexample inpossessionofagoodfortuneandinwantofawife feelingsorviews someoneorother quickparts sarcastichumor reserve andcaprice meanunderstanding littleinformation anduncertaintemper andthebusinessofherlifewastogetherdaughtersmarried itssolacewasvisitingandnews 5 Cohesivedevice Intermsofcohesivedevice examplescouldbefoundasfollows first inthefirstparagraph theemphaticsentenceisused second parallelstructuresarepopularlyused especiallyinthedescriptionofMrBennet spersonality third grammaticalandlexicalcohesivedevicesarefrequentlyturnedto forinstance thistruthisusedtoreferbacktoatruth suchamanisusedtoreferbacktoasinglemaninpossessionofagoodfortune heinthesecondparagraphisusedtorefertosuchaman thepossessivepronountheirisusedtorefertothesurroundingfamilies MrBennetisusedincontrastwithhiswife sheandherareusedtorefertohiswife andsoon 6 Structuralandlexicalformality Structurally theselectionisformalinthatthesentencesitiscomposedofaregrammaticallycompleteandfreefromcolloquialstructures Lexically formalwords includingnominalizations arefrequentlyused forexample truth universally acknowledge possession fortune surrounding family consider property mixture sarcastic humor reserve caprice experience insufficient andothers 2 Stagedtranslation A Translation1withcommentsB Translation2withcommentsC Translation3withcomments A Translation1 这是一条整个宇宙都承认的真理 一个占有丰富财产的男人 必定缺少一个妻子 不管怎样鲜为人知这样的男人的感情或者观点可能是什么样的 在他们初次进入一个居民点的时候 这样的真理在周围的家庭的脑子里如此根深蒂固 以致他被认为是他们的这个或那个女儿的合法财产 本内特先生是这样的一个混合物 反应很快 讽刺而又幽默 不太讲话 变化无常 以致于二十有三年的经验都不足以使他的妻子懂得他的性格 她的脑子要摸透就不那么困难了 她是个理解力平平的女人 没有什么信息 脾气捉摸不定 当她不愉快的时候 她就想当然地认为自己神经有问题 她的生活的正事就是打算将女儿们嫁出去 她的安慰就是串门子和打听消息 Comments Onthewhole theabovecanberegarded inreadyterms asaliteraltranslation literalbothlexicallyinsomecases andstructurally perhaps throughout Forexample 混合物 二十有三年 经验arelexicalcases while不管怎样鲜为人知这样的男人的感情或者观点可能是什么样的 以致于二十有三年的经验都不足以使他的妻子懂得他的性格arestructuralcasesinpoint B Translation2 这条真理举世皆知 一个有钱的单身汉总缺少个妻子 当这样的单身汉每搬到一个新地方的时候 尽管人们对他的感情如何 观点怎样一无所知 在周围住户的心目中 这条真理依然根深蒂固 以致将他看成了他们的这个女儿或那个女儿的合法财产 本内特先生集聪颖过人 幽默挖苦 不苟言笑 变幻莫测于一身 他的妻子凭着和他朝夕相处二十三年的经验都摸不透他的性格 她的脑子倒不难揣测 她是个智力平平 孤陋寡闻 动不动就发脾气的女人 不高兴的时候就想当然地认为自己神经出了问题 她生活中的正事就是将女儿们嫁出去 她的生活安慰就是走村串户 打探消息 Comments Thetranslationisstructurallyacceptablenow However lexicallyspeaking suchexpressionsas脑子 动不动就发发脾气andothersmaysoundcolloquial Inaddition 动不动就发发脾气isnotanexpressionparalleltowhathasgonebefore C Translation3 有条真理举世皆知 一个有钱的单身汉总要娶个妻子 每当这样的单身汉新搬到某个地方 尽管对他的想法如何 见解怎样一无所知 在周边住户的心目中 这条真理依然根深蒂固 以致将他看成了他们的这个或那个女儿的合法财产 本内特先生聪颖过人 幽默挖苦 不苟言笑 变幻莫测 他的妻子和他朝夕相处二十三年都捉摸他不透 她的想法不难揣测 她智力平平 孤陋寡闻 易发脾气 不高兴的时候就想当然地认为自己神经受了刺激 生活中的正事就是将女儿嫁出去 生活的慰藉就是走村串户 打探消息 Comments Thepresenttranslationhasalreadysolvedtheproblemsmentionedintheabovecomments Inaddition thesubstitutionof有for这attheverybeginning theadditionof每atthebeginningofthesecondparagraph thedeletionof集 于一身inthethirdparagraph thesubstitutionof慰藉for安慰andothershelptomakethetranslationauthentictoagreatextent Original42 MydearMrBennet saidhisladytohimoneday haveyouheardthatMetherfieldParkisletatlast MrBenentrepliedthathehadnot Butitis returnedshe forMrsLonghasjustbeenhere andshetoldmeallaboutit MrBennetmadenoanswer Doyouwanttoknowwhohastakenit criedhiswifeimpatiently Youwanttotellme andIhavenoobjectiontohearingit Thiswasinvitationenough Original42 continued Why mydear youmustknow MrsLongsaysthatNetherfieldistakenbyayoungmanoflargefortunefromthenorthofEngland thathecamedownonMondayinachaiseandfourtoseetheplace andsomuchdelightedwithitthatheagreedwithMrMorrisimmediately thatheistotakepossessionbeforeMichaelmas andsomeofhisservantsaretobeinthehousebytheendofnextweek Whatishisname Bingley Ishemarriedorsingle Oh Single mydear tobesure Asinglemanoflargefortune fourorfivethousandayear Whatafinethingforourgirls Original42 continued Isthathisdesigninsettlinghere Design Nonsense howcanyoutalkso Butitisverylikelythathemayfallinlovewithoneofthem thereforeyoumustvisithimassoonashecomes Iseenooccasionforthat Youandgirlsmaygo oryoumaysendthembythemselves whichperhapswillbestillbetter forasyouareashandsomeasanyofthem MrBingleymightlikeyouthebestoftheparty Mydear youflatterme Icertainlyhavehadmyshareofbeauty butIdonotpretendtobeanythingextraordinarynow Whenawomanhasfivegrownupdaughters sheoughttogiveoverthinkingofherownbeauty Original42 continued Insuchcases awomanhasnotoftenmuchbeautytothinkof Butmydear youmustindeedgoandseeMrBingleywhenhecomesintotheneighborhood ItismorethanIengagefor Iassureyou 1Analysisoftheoriginal A GrammaticalanalysisB Stylisticanalysis A Grammaticalanalysis 1 Sentencestructure 2 Additionalcomplication 1 Sentencestructure ThepresentpassageisselectedfromChapter1ofPrideandPrejudice composedofdirectspeeches reportingclausesandinterveningnarratives Generallyspeaking allthesentencesarenotverycomplicatedinstructure exceptperhapsforonlyoneortwo 2 Notes First MrsLongsaysthatNetherfieldistakenbyayoungmanoflargefortunefromthenorthofEngland thathecamedownonMondayinachaiseandfourtoseetheplace andsomuchdelightedwithitthatheagreedwithMrMorrisimmediately thatheistotakepossessionbeforeMichaelmas andsomeofhisservantsaretobeinthehousebytheendofnextweekcanbeunderstoodasMrsLongsaysthat that andthat Notes continued second inYouandgirlsmaygo oryoumaysendthembythemselves whichperhapswillbestillbetter forasyouareashandsomeasanyofthem MrBingleymightlikeyouthebestoftheparty thewhichintheclauseintroducedbywhichreferstoyoumaysendthembythemselves andgiveovermeansgiveup andthird inreadingtheMrBennet sdirectspeeches attentionsshouldbepaidtosuchexpressionsasthiswasinvitationenough isthathisdesigninsettlinghere Iseenooccasionforthat awomanhasnotoftenmuchbeautytothinkof itismorethanIengagefor etc Freeofgrammaticalcomplication theexpressionsmaynotbeeasytounderstandastheymayseemtobe B Stylisticanalysis 1 Periodicity 2 Structuralcomplication 3 Parallelstructure 4 Cohesivedevice 5 Structuralandlexicalformality 1 Periodicity Throughouttheselection itisclearlyindicatedthatMrBennetispassivefromthebeginningtotheendandthatheissoreservethatsomeofhisspeechesinthedialoguearerealizedasnarrative Ontheotherhand MrsBennetisalwaysactiveandnoneofherspeechesisrealizedasnarrativeatall Specificallyspeaking therearesixteendirectspeechesintheselection ofwhichninebelongtoMrsBenettandsevenbelongtoMrBenett However MrsBennet sdirectspeechesarecomposedof15sentences ofwhichsomearecoordinateclauses However mostofMrsBennet sspeechesservetoprovideinformation Periodicity continued MrBennet sdirectspeechesarecomposedof8sentences However 3ofthemareintheformofquestion intendedforseekinginformation Thisshowsthatfirst inthefirstchapter MrsBennetservesprimarilyasaninformationproviderandsecondarilyasabosstellingherhusbandwhattodowhileMrBennetmainlyservesasaninformationreceiver Second asyouwilldiscover MrBennetactuallysharesagreatdealwithhiswifeinthinkingofmarryingouttheirdaughters buthealwayspretendstohavenosuchanintention Andhispretensionkeepsnotonlyhiswifebutalsothereader tosomeextent inthedark 2 Structuralcomplication Allthesentencesintheselectionarenotstructurallycomplicated andinfactthereareonlysevencomplexsentences which generallyspeaking arequiteshort 4 Parallelstructure Parallelstructuresarefrequentlyused forexample MrsLonghasjustbeenhere andshetoldmeallaboutit youwanttotellme andIhavenoobjectiontohearingit thatNetherfieldistakenbyayoungmanoflargefortunefromthenorthofEngland thathecamedownonMondayinachaiseandfourtoseetheplace andsomuchdelightedwithitthatheagreedwithMrMorrisimmediately thatheistotakepossessionbeforeMichaelmas andsomeofhisservantsaretobeinthehousebytheendofnextweek andtherearemanyothers 4 Cohesivedevice Intermsofcohesivedevice examplescouldbefoundasfollows first adjacencypairsarefrequentlyused second parallelstructuresarepopularlyemployed third grammaticalandlexicalcohesivedevicesubiquitousintheselection forinstance he himandhisareusedtorefertoMrBennetinsomecasesandtoMrBingleyinothers singleandfortunearerepeated thoughinmeaningnotintheexactform andsoon 5 Structuralandlexicalformality Structurally theselectionisformalinthatthesentencesitiscomposedofaregrammaticallycompleteandfreefromcolloquialstructures Lexically formalwords includingnominalizations arefrequentlyused forexample lady replied impatiently objection invitation delight agree immediately possession servant andothers 2 Stagedtranslation A Translation1withcommentsB Translation2withcommentsC Translation3withcomments A Translation1 我亲爱的本内特先生 他的夫人有一天对他说 你听说内瑟菲尔德庄园到底租出去了吗 本内特先生回答 他没有听说 但是租出去了 她回应说 因为朗太太刚到这里来过 她把所有的一切都告诉我了 本内特先生没作回答 你想知道谁租了它吗 她不耐烦地叫道 你想告诉我 我也不反对听听 这就足够是邀请了 Translation1 continued 为什么 亲爱的 你必须知道 朗太太说内瑟菲尔德被一个来自英格兰北部的非常有钱的青年租去了 他星期一坐四轮马车来看地方 非常满意 立即和莫里斯先生达成协议 在米迦节之前占有庄园 他的部分佣人下周底住进房子 他是什么名字 宾利 结了婚还是单身 哦 单身 亲爱的 的的确确 一个十分有钱的单身汉 一年四千到五千英镑 对我们的女儿们是多好的一件事啊 Translation1 continued 他住到这里就是为了这个 为了这个 胡说八道 你怎么这么说话 但是很有可能 他爱上了她们中的一个 因此 他一来你就得去拜访他 我看不出有那样的机会 你和女儿们能去 你也可以让她们自己去 这样或许更好些 她们都漂亮 你也很漂亮 也许宾利先生更看上你 我亲爱的 你恭维我了 我也曾经有过自己的美丽 我现在不装作更加出众了 一个女人 有五个女儿都长大了 她就应该不再想自己的美丽了 这种情况下 一个女人不常常老想着自己的美丽了 可是 我亲爱的 他一搬到这个居民点来 你真的必须去看宾利先生 我确切地告诉你 我是办不到的 Comments Thisisarigidword for wordtranslationascanbedemonstratedbythefollowingexamples Thiswasinvitationenoughistranslatedinto这就足够是邀请了 theexclamatorywhyistranslatedinto为什么 takethepossessionistranslatedinto占有 andothers However themajorstylisticfeaturessuchastheaggressivenessofMrsBennetandthepassivenessofMrBennetareretainedthereinthetranslation B Translation2 亲爱的本内特先生 有一天他的夫人对他说 内瑟菲尔庄园到底租出去了 你听说了吗 本内特先生回答说 他没听说 真的租出去了 夫人说 刚才郎太太来过 她把租出去的经过都告诉我了 本内特先生没有回答 你难道不想了解谁租去了吗 夫人不耐烦地嚷道 既然你想对我说 听听也无妨 这就足以打开她的话匣子了 Translation2 continued 亲爱的 你必须知道 郎太太说 被英格兰北部的一个有钱的青年人租去了 她说 星期一他坐着一辆驷马马车来看地方 一眼就看中了 接着就和莫里斯先生谈妥了 她说 他在米迦勒节前搬进来 下周末仆人们就来收拾房子了 叫什么名字 宾利 结婚没有 哦 亲爱的 没结婚 的确没结婚 一个有钱的单身汉 每年四五千英镑 对女儿们真是好消息啊 此话怎讲 和她们有什么关系 Translation2 continued 亲爱的本内特先生 夫人答道 你怎么这么不讨人喜欢 你肯定知道我在盘算着他娶我们的某个女儿 他就是为这个搬来的 为这个 无稽之谈 你怎么这样说话呢 他有可能爱上她们中的一个 为此 他一来你就得去拜访他 我不得便 你和女儿们去 或者你叫女儿们自己去 这样或许更好些 女儿们漂亮 你也漂亮 兴许宾利先生就喜欢你呢 亲爱的 你不要恭维我了 不过我也有过豆蔻年华 可我现在不故作娇艳了 一个女人家 五个女儿都成人了 不应该再考虑自己漂亮不漂亮了 那么说 女人也不总认为自己很漂亮了 可是 亲爱的 宾利先生一搬来 你就得去拜访他 我可告诉你 办不到 Comments WithChinesenormstakenintoaccount readjustmentsaremadethroughoutthepresenttranslation Forexample thefollowingaretypicalChineseexpressions 既然你想对我说 听听也无妨 这就足以打开她的话匣子了 你怎么这么不讨人喜欢 为这个 无稽之谈 你不要恭维我了 andothers Consequently thetranslationismuchimprovedonintermsofreadability coherenceandauthenticity However thereisstillsomeroomforfurtherimprovement C Translation3 亲爱的 有一天本内特先生的夫人对他说 内瑟菲尔庄园终于租出去了 听说了吗 本内特回答说没听说 真的租出去了 夫人说 郎太太刚来过 都告诉我了 本内特没吭声 你难道不想知道谁租的吗 夫人不耐烦地嚷道 既然你要说 听听也无妨 一句话就把她的话匣子打开了 Translation3 continued 亲爱的 你必须知道 郎太太说 英格兰北部的一个青年人租的 很有钱 他星期一坐驷马马车来看房子 一眼就看中了 和莫里斯先生谈妥了 他在米迦勒节前搬进来 下周末仆人就来收拾房子了 叫什么名字 宾利 结婚没有 哦 亲爱的 未婚 单身一人 有钱 每年四五千英镑 女儿们的运气真好啊 怎讲 关她们什么事 Translation3 continued 亲爱的 夫人道 你真不讨人喜欢 你肯定知道我在盘算着 他会娶我某个女儿 是为这事搬来的 为这个 胡说 这叫什么话 他可能爱上一个 因此 他一来你就得去拜访他 我不得便 你和女儿们去 要不叫她们自己去 这样或许还好些 孩子们漂亮 你也漂亮 兴许宾利先生就喜欢你呢 亲爱的 不要哄我了 我年轻时也妩媚妖娆 可现在不故作娇艳了 一个女人家 五个女儿 都长大了 不能再考虑自己了 那么说 女人的漂亮也是有时节的了 可是 亲爱的 宾利先生一来 你就得去拜访他 我可告诉你 不好办 Comments Inthepresenttranslation readjustmentsarefurthermade Forexample toimitatethefeaturesofChinesedialogueandtoobtaintextualcoherence suchcolloquialexpressionsareusedasfollows 英格兰北部的一个青年人租的 很有钱 女儿们的运气真好啊 为这个 胡说 这叫什么话 你和女儿们去 要不叫她们自己去 我年轻时也妩媚妖娆 女人的漂亮也是有时节的了 Inaddition thesentenceshavegenerallybecomeshorter morereadableandmoreauthentic Original43 Whilethepresentcenturywasinitsteens andinonesunshinymorninginJune theredroveuptothegreatirongateofMissPinkerton sacademyforyoungladies onChiswickMall alargefamilycoach withtwofathorsesinblazingharness drivenbyafatcoachmaninathree corneredhatandawig attherateoffourmilesanhour Ablackservantwhoreposedontheboxbesidethefatcoachman uncurledhisbandylegsassoonastheequipagedrewupoppositeMissPinkerton sshiningbrassplate andashepulledthebell atleastascoreofyoungheadswereseenpeeringoutofthenarrowwindowsofthestatelyoldbrickhouse Nay theacuteobservermighthaverecognizedthelittlerednoseofgood naturedMissJemimaPinkertonherself risingoversomegeranium potsinthewindowofthatlady sowndrawing room FromWilliamMakepeaceThackeray VanityFair 1Analysisoftheoriginal A GrammaticalanalysisB Stylisticanalysis A Grammaticalanalysis 1 Sentencestructure 2 Additionalcomplication 3 Notes 1 Sentencestructure Theselectionconsistsofthreesentences ofwhichthefirstisacomplexsentence composedofanadverbialclauseoftimeandamainclause thesecondisacompoundcomplexsentence composedoftwocoordinateclauses ofwhichthefirstiscomposedofamainclauseandanadverbialclauseoftimewithanattributiveclauseembeddedinthemainclausewhilethesecondiscomposedofanadverbialclauseoftimeandamainclause andthelastisasimplesentence 2 Additionalcomplication Thefirstsentencebeginswithanadverbialclausetogetherwithacoordinateprepositionalphrase andithasonChiswickMallandwithtwofathorsesinblazingharnessembeddedasparentheses Andinthemainclauseofthefirstsentence thesubjectandthepredicateareinverted Inthesecondsentence theattributiveclauseinthemainclausecanberegardedasanimplicitparenthesis 3 Notes Thebackbonestructureofthefirstcoordinateclauseinthesecondsentencewouldbeablackservant uncurledhisbandylegsassoonas Thepatternforthelastsentenceissubject predicateverb object objectcomplement risingover B Stylisticanalysis 1 Periodicity 2 Structuralcomplication 3 Parallelstructure 4 Cohesivedevice 5 Structuralandlexicalformality 1 Periodicity Theselectionconsistsofthreesentences ofwhichthefirstisaperiodicsentence beginningwithasubordinateclauseandthemainclauseisinvertedinorderwithtwoparentheseslocatedoneaftertheother Thesecondcoordinateclauseofthesecondsentenceisperiodicinstructure beginningwithanadverbialclause 2 Structuralcomplicatio