HR英语常用词汇.docx

Eearnings 所得，收入 ( n. pl. ) wages or salary; the absolute level of weekly or monthly earningsemploy 雇用，使用 (v) take on or use a person as a paid worker; during the year we employed an average of 65employee 职工，雇员 (n) person taken on as a paid workeremployer 雇主，老板 (n) person or organization that takes on a paid workeremployment雇用，使用，工作 (n) the state of being a paid workeremployment agency 职业介绍所 ( n ) office that finds work for workers and workers for companies; there are two types of employment agency: firstly, those operated by the government, and secondly, privately owned agenciesengage 雇佣，从事，参加 (v) take on a person as a paid worker; employ; lets intagine someone engaged in the manufacture of diamond-tipped drilling bitsentitlement 权利(n) a persons right; income is linked to the notion of entitlement to a particular share of the companys profits or the nations wealthholiday entitlement 假日休假权利 (n) in the United Kingdom holiday entitlement generally ranges from three to six weeks per yearenvironment 环境，外界 (n) surroundings; to be classed as a work accident, the accident must take place in the work environmentequal opportunity 公平就业机会 (n) no discrimination in terms of color, sex, religion, etc. for employmentesteem 尊敬，尊重 ( n ) respect; the work environment must also offer employees incentives for developing self-esteemevaluate 评价，评估 (v) calculate the value of something; the training and development manager plans, organizes and evaluates training programsevaluation估价，评估 (n) calculation of valueexpertise 专家意见，专门技术 (n) particular knowledge or skill; one of the advantages of using an employment agency is that it offers expertise in an area where the employer is not regularly in the marketFface-to-face discussion面议， 当面讨论 (n) discussion between people who are in each others sightfeedback 反馈，反应 (n) information about the results of an activity, given to a person so that changes can be made; the supply and demand forecasts need to be balanced and reconciled, and this process necessitates feedback into previous stages of the processfile 文件，档案 (n) collection of documents on a subject; according to my files toe havent prepared a person specification for a team leader before; ( v ) collect and store documentsfill (a position) 补缺 (v) find someone to do a jobfire 解雇(v) send away from employment; sack; our employment record is good in the community as we hardly ever fire anyonefirm 公司，组织 (n) company; organizationflat hourly rate 小时工资率 (n) fixed pay for one hours workflexitime 弹性工作时间 (n) (also flextime) flexible system of working in which workers can choose what time to start and finish (see also core time); with the flexitime system you can choose your start and finish timeflowchart 流程图 (n) graphic which shows information as a series of stepsfluctuate 波动，涨落，起伏 (v) rise and fall rapidly; workers certainly dont want their pay to fluctuate wildlyfollow-up 接着，跟随，追随 (n) action taken as a result of what was done before; appraisal systems need to be supported by follow-up actionforecast 预报，预见，预测1. (v) say what will happen in the future 2. (n) predictionform 表格 (n) pre-printed sheet of paper on which to write information; all job applications must be made on our application formsGgoal 目的，目标 (n) aim; objectivego-slow 延工，工作拖拉 (n) action of working slowly as a protest to managementgrade 评分，级别，等级；评分，评级1. (n) step or level; score 2. (v) divide into steps or levels; weve graded the applicants according to our preferencesgrievance 委屈，不平，抱怨 (n)complaint made by worker to management; the minimum level of union recognition is assistance by a union representative for members with grievancesgroup selection method 团队成员互选考评方式 (n) method of selecting staff by evaluating their ability to work with othersguidelines 指导方针 (n.pl.) suggestions about how to do something; union recognition involves the acceptance of a general framework of rules and guidelines within which management and employees operateHhand in 交上，递交 (v) deliver by handhand in ones notice递交辞呈 ( v ) resign; Ive heard that three more are going to hand in their notice in Mayhazard 冒险，危险 (n) danger; new technologies are continually being introduced that create new hazards not covered by existing lawshead 领导，首领 (v) be the head of; be in charge of; the department is headed by me as personnel directorhealth and safety 健康安全（测评）( n ) the measures taken by a company to protect its employeeshire 雇佣，出租，受雇 (v) take on a paid worker; make sure you hire people with the aptitude and potential to do the jobHRD 人力资源发展(= human resources development) (n) activities to develop the organizations workforcehuman resources 人力资源 (n) workforce of an organizationhuman resources management人力资源管理 ( n )IT 信息技术 (n) information technologyincentive 动机，刺激 (n) something which encourages the workers to work harder; incentive payments remain one of the ideas that fascinate managers as they search for the magic formula incentive scheme (n)income 收入，收益 (n) wages and salary; employees expect their incomes to be maintained and carry on risinginduction诱导（期），归纳 (n) activity of introducing new employees into the company induction period (n)industrial action （罢工等）劳工行动 (n) strikeindustrial injury 工伤 (n) injury which happened at workindustrial relations 劳资关系 (n) relations between management and workersindustrial unrest 劳资关系紧张，不安状态 (n) disagreement between management and workers resulting in go-slows and strikesinefficiency 无效率，低能 (n) not able to produce good results quickly; a third problem area is the organizational stress and inefficiency usually associated with conflictinflation 通货膨胀，（物价）暴涨 (n) rise in prices linked to increases in production costsinitiate 开始，发起 (v) startinspector 检查员，巡视员 (n) person who checks the details or quality of something; my role as safety officer is to act as a kind of in house factory inspectorinstallment 分期 (n) part; the other eight days holiday may be taken in either one or two installments, for example five days and three days or six days and two daysinsure 给保险，投保 (v) protect someone against loss, damage, injury or death by paying a sum of moneyinsurance保险，保险单，保险费 (n) protection against loss, damage, injury or death by paying a sum of moneyintegrate 使成整体，使一体化 (v) join people or things together to form one single groupinterview 面试1. ( n ) meeting to decide if a person is suitable for a job; before closing the interview it is useful for the interviewer to summarize the key points and issues 2. (v)conduct a meeting between an employer and prospective employeeinterviewee 应试者，求职者 (n) person who is interviewedinterviewer面试人，考官 (n) person who leads the interview; the interviewer should greet the candidate by name, and introduce himselfinventory 详细目录 (n) list, especially of goods in a placeinvest 投资，购买 (v) spend money; its really for us to decide if we want to invest in a studyJjob工作 (n) piece of workjob analysis 工作分析 ( n ) the process and results of collecting and analyzing information about the tasks, responsibilities and the context of a jobjob analyst 工作分析员 (n) person who conducts a job analysisjob center 就业中心 (n) office that finds work for workers and workers for companiesjob code 职务代码，工作编号 (n) unique job reference consisting of numbers and/or letters; the job code permits easy referencing of all jobs; each job in the organization should be referenced with a codejob description 工作说明 (n) a written statement of what the job holder actually does, how he or she does it, and under what conditions the job is performedjob grade 工作等级 (n) level or importance of a job; the most senior job grades are shown at the top; and the most junior down the bottomjob mobility 工作流动性 (n) ability to move from one place to another to take up or perform a jobjob rotation 工作轮换 (n) movement between departments within an organization; job rotation aims to familiarize the trainees with the problems of each departmentjob satisfaction 工作满意 (n) feeling of contentment from doing a job welljob specification 工作规范 ( n ) detailed description of what a job involvesjob summary 工作概述 ( n ) short description of what a job involves; the job summary section should describe the general nature of the job, listing only its major functions or activities job-holder(n) person who holds a specific jobjournal 刊物，杂志 (n) newspaper or magazinejunior board 股东管理委员会；初级管理委员会 (n) a junior version of the board of directors- the group chosen by the shareholders to develop company policy; junior boards aim to give promising young middle managers experience in analyzing overall company problemsKkey 关键的 (adj.) important; essentialLlabor 劳动 (n) worklabor market 劳动力市场 (n) supply of workers available to worklabor relations 劳资关系 (n. pi.) relations between management and workerslabor shortage 劳动力短缺 (n) situation where there are not enough workerslabor supply 劳动力供给 (n) workers available to worklaw 法律 (n) rules made by government; every employer in this country is required by law to prepare a contract of employmentlay-off/layoff 临时解雇 (n) action of stopping a workers employment for a time, especially when there is little work to dolead 领导，指导(v) manage; direct; he is thus well qualified to lead this evenings sessionleader 领导者 (n) person who manages or directsleadership 领导力 (n) quality or ability to leadleave离开，出去 (v) go outleaver 离职者 (n) person who leaves a companys employment; on the top line weve got the leavers in the yearlegal 法律的，合法的 (adj.) made according to the lawlegislation 立法，制定法律；法规 (n) law; gradually other ways in which the employer could control wages costs are being eliminated or made more difficult by legislationliaison 联络，联系 (n) contact in order to provide someone with informationlocation 位置，场所 (n) place; positionloyal 忠诚的，忠心的 (adj.) (worker) who supports his/her company; loyal employees cause fewer industrial relations problemsMmanage 管理，控制 (v) control (an organization or part of it)management 经营，管理层 (n) group of people who control an organizationmiddle management 中级（部门）管理层 (n) department managerssenior management高级管理层 (n) top managersmanager 经理，管理人员 (n) person who manages an organization or part of itline manager 生产线管理人员 (n) manager who is in charge of accomplishing the basic goals of the organizationplant manager 工厂经理 (n) factory managerstaff manager 职能管理人员(n) manager who assists and advises line managersmanpower 人力，劳动力 (n) total number of workers for a certain type of work or for an areamanpower demand 劳动力需求 ( n ) manpower demand can be forecast using information from corporate plans or business plansmanpower resources 劳动力资源 (n) manpower availablemanpower supply 劳动力供给 (n) the analysis of current manpower is essential as it provides a base from which to forecast the future internal manpower supplymanpower utilization 劳动力利用 (n) use of manpower; changes in manpower utilization often involve negotiation, or at least consultation with trade unionsmanual 手工的，体力的 (adj.) using the hands; manual employees are usually represented by different unions from white-collar employeesmanual employment 劳动雇佣 (n) manual employment pensions are of growing importance in manual employmentmanual laborer/manual worker (n) 体力劳动工人Maslows hierarchy of needs 马斯洛需求层次模型 (n) model of motivation which states that all an individuals physiological needs must be satisfied before higher-level needs, e.g. safety. belongings, esteem and sef-actualisation, can be fulfilledmeasure 方法； 测量，度量1. (n) action taken to achieve an objective 2. (v) find th俄 size, length, amount, degree, etc. of somethingmedium 媒体，媒介，方法(n) (pl. media) method of giving information; the media include the local paper, a national daily or a technical journalmentor 导师，指导者1. (n) experienced person who advises and helps others 2. (v) advise and help others; mentoring is similar to coaching in that it is based on a coaching/understudy relationship.merit 绩效；优点，价值 (n) quality of deserving rewardmerit pay绩效工资 (n) merit pay is used as an incentive primarily for white-collar and professional employeesmiddle management 中级管理层 (n) department managersmilitant 好战的，支持使用武力的 (adj.) ready to support and fight for a cause; the workers have rejected managements latest pay offer and have taken a militant attitudeminority 少数人种，少数民族 (n) small group (often suffering from discrimination ); this test has no cultural bias and is therefore not unfair to minoritiesmobility 流动性，迁移率 (n) ability to movejob mobility 工作流动率 (n) ability to move from one place to another to take up or perform a jobmotivate 激励，激发 (v) give someone a reason or incentive for doing somethingmotivated 受激励的 (adj.) encouragedmotivation 激励，动机 (n) state of being motivated; for motivation to take place, the worker must believe that effort on his or her part will lead to rewardsmotive动机，因由 (n) reasonnegotiate 商议，谈判 (v) discuss with another or others to reach agreement; bargainnegotiation商议，谈判 (n) (often plural) act of bargaining; negotiations with our employing organization are a splendid arena for the expression of combatnotice 通知，公告，注意 (n) 1. information about something that will happen; the workers gave the management 24 hours notice about the strike 2. information that a person will leave his employment (voluntarily or involuntarily ); Ive heard that three more are going to give in their notice in MayOobjective 目标，目的 (n) target; aimobjectivity 客观性(n) state of not being influenced by personal opinions; opposite of subjectivityoccupation 职业，职业期 (n) job; sometime during this period (hopefully towards the beginning-around 24 years of age) a suitable occupation is foundoccupational职业的 (adj.) related to a job; during the period from age 15 to 24 a person seriously explores various occupational areasoff-the-job 脱产（进修） (adj.) separate from normal work; off-the-job training takes place outside the actual workplace; in contrast, on-the-job training takes place in iton-the-job 在职（进修）(adj.) part of normal work; important on-the-job techniques here include job rotation, coaching, junior boards and understudy assignmentsopening 空缺，工作 (n) job; vacancy; if only two candidates appear for two openings, you may have little choice but to hire themorganigram 组织结构图 (n) diagram which shows the areas of responsibility in an organization and the relationships between the personnelorganization chart组织结构图(n) diagram which shows the areas of responsibility in an organization and the relationships between the personnel; organization charts show you how the job in question relates to other jobsorient 确定方向 (v) guide; directorientation （新进员工）定位 (n) 1. process of introducing new employees into an organization 2. direction; what Id like you to do now is to divide into your groups and discuss your own personal orientation or orientationsOTE 目标收入 (= on-target earnings) (n) often given in job advertisements as the target income, consisting of basic pay plus bonuses and other incentive paymentsoutcome 结果，结局 (n) result; the outcome of the interview is of great importance to the candidateoutlay 费用 (n) cost; money that must be paid out; the initial outlay to develop the orientationprogram would be highoutput 产量 (n) quantity that a person or machine produces; incentive plans usually result in greater output per man-houroverpay 超额工资 (n) pay someone too muchovertime 加班，超时 (n) time after normal working time, normally paid at an extra rate; however, at the end of any month you mustnt have more than 10 hours overtimePp.a. 每年 (= per annum) (n) per year; the starting salary will be 24, 000 p.apart-time 兼职的 (adj.)working for only part of the working day; part-time employees now have to be nationally insured on exactly the same basis as full-time employeesparticipate 参加，参与 (v) take part in; the workshop will be run again next month; so youll have an opportunity to participateparticipation参加，参与 (n) activity of taking part inpay 工资，薪水 (n) money for working; wage; salary; you will all receive your pay on the last Friday of the month; (v) give what is due for services done; provide wages or salarypay claim 加薪要求 (n) workers request for pay increase; much of the drive behind differential pay claims is because one group needs to compete against other groups at a similar level to try and assert their position and status in the organizationpay package 工资总额 (n) all the elements in pay, i.e. basic pay, overtime, bonuses, plus nonfinancial benefitspay packet （现金）工资(n) wage, often in cash; workers in the manufacturing sector can expect good pay packets when times are goodpay restraint 工资抑涨 (n) agreement by workers not to ask for large pay risespayroll 职工薪水册；（公司）应付薪金清单(n) 1. all employees employed by a company 2. the wage bill of a companypeer 同等级的人；同龄人 (n) equal in position or age; normally, everyone working in an organization has peer with whom be shares informationpenalise 惩罚，处罚 (v) punish; the asseniblers are never praised for improving their output, nor are they penalized for poor quality workpension 养老金，退休金 (n) amount of money paid regularly after a person stops work, either because of old age or illness; another question might be: is 14O per week, plus a pension, better than 200 per week without?pep talk 鼓舞动员性谈话 (n) talk to encourage a person to improve his performanceperform 执行，表演 (v) do well or badly; sometimes employees dont perform at the required standard because they dont know what the standard isperformance执行，表演；成绩，绩效；性能(n) action of doing something well or badly; in the final analysis the appraisee should feel that any criticisms made