Langue and parole语言和言语的区别于联系.ppt

TheInfluencesofLangueandParoleonLinguistics YanXudong LangueandParole TheProposalDefinitionTheInfluencesConclusion Proposal Langue and parole areputforwardbySaussurewhoactuallystartedarevolutioninLinguistics BeforeSaussure althoughLinguisticshadbeenlong termstudiedbymanyscholars itwasstillintraditionalwayandalmosthadnoadvance Linguisticshadbeeninadisorder SaussurelivedintheperiodthatHistoricalComparativeLinguisticswasinitsheat Buthedidnotfollowtheherd Atthattime hesensitivelypointedouttheweaknessofLinguisticsinhisCourseinGeneralLinguistics 普通语言学教程 thatthesubjectofLinguisticsissomethingcuriousandwithoutanyrelationship InordertoexplainwhatisthesubjectofLinguistics Saussureputforwardtheconcept langue and parole Definition languereferstotheabstractsystemofrulesandconventionsofasignifyingsystem itisindependentof andpre exists individualusers Parolereferstoconcreteinstancesofitsuse EncyclopediaofLinguistics Influences Theinfluenceonlinguisticsasanindependentscience ThedistinctionofthetwotermsstartedanewleafinLinguistics ThesubjectofLinguisticsstudybecamemoreclear ThesituationthatspeechactsbeingasthestudysubjectofLinguisticswaschanged SaussurebelievedthatspeechispersonalrandomthatLinguisticscannotperfectlydealwith HeinsistedthatscientificLinguisticsshouldstudythestablelanguagenotthespeech Linguistsarealwaysfacedwithindefinitespeechacts Inordertostudythisfactssystematically linguistsmustabstractalanguagesystemtojustifythosefacts Thedistinctionoflangueandparolehelpslinguiststodeterminethestudyfieldandfindthegeneralrulesbehindthemasslanguagephenomenon Fromthispointofview thedistinctionoflangueandparolemakesLinguisticsmorescientific andimprovesthedisorderedlinguisticsstudybefore Ithelpstogeneralizelanguagesystemsfromconcretespeeches soitbringsconveniencetolanguagestudy ThusLinguisticshasbecomeanindependentsciencesincethedistinction Theinfluenceonlinguisticsasanindependentscience 将语言和言语区分开来至少有两方面的意义一 有助于语言科学的精密化 有助于从具体个别的言语中概括出一般的语言体系二 可以带来研究和论述上的方便 潘庆云只有再言语体系中区分了语言和言语 才有可能建立真正的语言学理论 语言学才能成为一门独立的科学 裴文 Theinfluenceonfuturelinguisticschools ThePragueSchoolpracticedaspecialstyleofsynchroniclinguisticswhichisstartedbySaussure sideaofsynchronyanddiachrony Chomsky sproposaloflinguisticcompetenceandperformanceareinfluencedbySaussure slangueandparole Theinfluenceonfuturelinguisticschools TheinfluenceonChomsky stheory 1 ThedistinctionofcompetenceandperformanceCompetencereferstotheidealusers knowledgeofthelanguage thatistheabilitiesallnativespeakershaveofbeingabletounderstandandproducesentences Performancereferstotheactualrealizationofthisknowledgeinlinguisticcommunication CompetenceandperformancearequitesimilarwithSaussure slangueandparole Theydifferindifferentperspectivesofstudyinglanguages Saussuretookasociallinguisticallyviewoflanguage Languageisamatterofsocialconventions Chomskylookedatlanguagefromapsychologicalpointofview andcompetenceisapropertyofthemindofeachindividual Theinfluenceonfuturelinguisticschools TheinfluenceonChomsky stheory 2 Chomsky sinnatenesshypothesesandLADtheoryTheytwoarecertaingettingthethoughtsfromSaussure langueandparole Chomskybelievesthatchildrenarebornwithalanguageacquisitiondeviceandwithknowledgeofthisbasicgrammaticalrelationsandcategories andthisknowledgeisuniversal Henamedituniversalgrammar Langue astheabstractsystemofrules actuallyexistsinpeople smindsincetheywereborn whichcanbeexplainedinanalternativeviewinChomsky stermtheLAD TheinfluenceonthecloselyconnectionofLinguisticsandPhilosophy Saussure sproposaloflangueandparoleconnectedLinguisticswithphilosophy Modernwesternphilosophystudyinvolvesthemetaphysics Thecauseofmetaphysicsinphilosophyisbelievednotthephilosophyitselfbutthelanguageproblem Becauseoftheillexpressionofphilosophylanguage thephilosophyproblemsareinamass Theproblemshouldbesolvedthroughtheexplanationoflanguage Thedistinctionoflangueandparolestimulatetheproductionoflinguisticphilosophy Linguisticshasgraduallybecomeaninterdisciplinarysubject TheinfluencesontheFLT FLTistheshortformoftheforeignlanguageteaching Thedistinctionoflangueandparolegivesforeignlanguageteacherssomeinspirationonsecondlanguageteaching Inclassroomteachingboththe langue and parole shouldbetaughttostudents Ontheonehand foreignlanguageteachingmustteachstudents language thatis phonetics vocabulary grammarandmeaning TheabstractsystemsofruleswhichiscorrespondencetoSaussure slanguemustbeknowntostudents Ontheotherhand langueexistsintheconcrete parole inordertostudyalanguagewell theutterancemustbeoftenpracticed Thatistospeakmore TheinfluencesontheFLT Thewesternculturestudyandthesituation basedteachingmethodgotthetheoryfromSaussure sdistinctionoflangueandparole whichhelpstocontinuallyimprovetheFLTM foreignlanguageteachingmethodology Takethecommunicativeapproachasanexample thelearningtheoriesare 1 followthenaturalacquisition2 languageisbestlearnedthroughuseinsocialcontext 3 learningisaprocessofmeaningnegotiation TheinfluencesontheFLT ThecommunicativeapproachIntermsofthethreetheories itisclearthatSaussure slangueandparolearethroughthem Theemphasisonthenaturalacquisitionreferstotheimportanceofthelanguewhichistolearntheabstractlinguisticsystem Theuseofsocialcontexthassomerelationshiponparolewhichistherealizationoflanguageinactualuse TheinfluencesontheFLT TeachingsyllabusTheteachingsyllabuswillbewellarrangedaccordingtothedistinctionoflangueandparole Thustheteacherwillseparateaswellasrelatethetheoryandthepracticeattherighttimetoachievethebestgoaltoteachstudents Itmakesthesecondlangueteachingmorescientificandsystematic Conclusion Thedistinctiono