HSRP配置实例演示.doc

对路由器采用热备份是提高网络可靠性的必然选择。在一个路由器完全不能工作的情况下，它的全部功能便被系统中的另一个备份路由器完全接管，直至出现问题的路由器恢复正常，这就是热备份路由协议（HotStandbyRouterProtocal），HSRPRFC2281技术要解决的问题。实现HSRP的条件是系统中有多台路由器，它们组成一个“热备份组”，这个组形成一个虚拟路由器。在任一时刻，一个组内只有一个路由器是活动的，并由它来转发数据包，如果活动路由器发生了故障，将选择一个备份路由器来替代活动路由器，但是在本网络内的主机看来，虚拟路由器没有改变。所以主机仍然保持连接，没有受到故障的影响，这样就较好地解决了路由器切换的问题。如图，R2和R3的f0/0口都起用了hsrp协议，R2为主路由器(active)，R3为备路由器(standby)。，R2的f0/0地址为10.1.1.2，R3的f0/0地址为10.1.1.3。热备份组的地址虚拟成10.1.1.1。当R2的f0/0不可用时，R3会成为活动路由器(active)。主路由器R2:R2#sh run int f0/0Building configuration.Current configuration : 180 bytes!interface FastEthernet0/0 ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.0.0 duplex auto speed auto standby 2 ip 10.1.1.1 standby 2 timers 5 15 standby 2 priority 105 standby 2 preemptend备路由器R3:R3#sh run int f0/0Building configuration.Current configuration : 156 bytes!interface FastEthernet0/0 ip address 10.1.1.3 255.255.0.0 speed auto full-duplex standby 2 ip 10.1.1.1 standby 2 timers 5 15 standby 2 preemptendR1模拟pcR1#sh run int f0/0Building configuration.Current configuration : 91 bytes!interface FastEthernet0/0 ip address 10.1.0.1 255.255.0.0 duplex auto speed autoend使用sh standby查看当前的热备状态：R2#sh standbyFastEthernet0/0 - Group 2 State is Active 4 state changes, last state change 00:18:03 Virtual IP address is 10.1.1.1 Active virtual MAC address is 0000.0c07.ac02 Local virtual MAC address is 0000.0c07.ac02 (default) Hello time 5 sec, hold time 15 sec Next hello sent in 2.048 secs Preemption enabled Active router is local Standby router is 10.1.1.3, priority 100 (expires in 11.624 sec) Priority 105 (configured 105) IP redundancy name is hsrp-Fa0/0-2 (default)R3#sh standbyFastEthernet0/0 - Group 2 State is Standby 4 state changes, last state change 00:18:04 Virtual IP address is 10.1.1.1 Active virtual MAC address is 0000.0c07.ac02 Local virtual MAC address is 0000.0c07.ac02 (default) Hello time 5 sec, hold time 15 sec Next hello sent in 0.464 secs Preemption enabled Active router is 10.1.1.2, priority 105 (expires in 10.928 sec) Standby router is local Priority 100 (default 100) IP redundancy name is hsrp-Fa0/0-2 (default)我们关闭R2的f0/0口，R3的f0/0口会抢占为active状态R2#*Mar 1 00:39:06.559: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to downR3#*Mar 1 00:39:24.783: %HSRP-6-STATECHANGE: FastEthernet0/0 Grp 2 state Standby - Active启动R2的f0/0口，R2会重新成为主路由器R2#*Mar 1 00:39:38.547: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up*Mar 1 00:39:40.243: %HSRP-6-STATECHANGE: Fa