100万头生猪屠宰初加工项目建议书.doc

airport was built during the war, but for some reason it could not be used then. Last year, however, it came into use. Over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise. I am one of the few people left. Sometimes I think this house will be knocked down by a passing plane. I have been offered a large sum of money to go away, but I am determined to stay here. Everybody says I must be mad and they are probably right.Lesson22 A glass envelope 玻璃信封My daughter, Jane, never dreamed of receiving a letter from a girl of her own age in Holland. Last year, we were travelling across the Channel and Jane put a piece of paper with her name and address on it into a bottle. She threw the bottle into the sea. She never thought of it again, but ten months later, she received a letter from a girl in Holland. Both girls write to each other regularly now. However, they have decided to use the post-office. Letters will cost a litt1e more, but they will certainly travel faster. Lesson23 A new house 新居I had a letter from my sister yesterday. She lives in Nigeria. In her letter, she said that she would come to England next year. If she comes, she will get a surprise. We are now living in a beautiful new house in the country. Work on it had begun before my sister left. The house was completed five months ago. In my letter, I told her that she could stay with us. The house has many large rooms and there is a lovely garden. It is a very modern house, so it looks strange to some people. It must be the only modern house in the district.Lesson24 It could be worse 不幸中之万幸I entered the hotel managers office and sat down. I had just lost &50 and I felt very upset. I left the money in my room, I said, and its not there now. The manager was sympathetic, but he could do nothing. Everyones losing money these days, he said. He started to complain about this wicked world but was interrupted by a knock at the door. A girl came in and put an envelope on his desk. It contained &5o. I found this outside this gentlemans room she said. Well, I said to the manager, there is still some honesty in this world !lesson25 Do the English speak English? 英国人讲的是英语吗？I arrived in London at last. The railway station was big, black and dark. I did not know the way to my hotel, so I asked a porter. I not only spoke English very carefully, but very clearly as well. The porter, however, could not understand me; I repeated my question several times and at last he understood. He answered me, but he spoke neither slowly nor clearly. I am a foreigner, I said. Then he spoke slowly, but I could not understand him. My teacher never spoke English like that! The porter and I looked at each other and smiled. Then he said something and I understood it. Youll soon learn English! he said. I wonder. In England, each man speaks a different language. The English understand each other, but I dont understand them ! Do they speak English ?lesson26 The best art critics 最佳美术评论家I am an art student and I paint a lot of pictures. Many people pretend that they understand modern art. They always tell you what a picture is about. Of course, many pictures arc not about anything. They are just pretty patterns. We like them in the same way that we like pretty curtain material. I think that young children often appreciate modern pictures better than anyone else. They notice more. My sister is only seven, but she always tells me whether my pictures are good or not. She came into my room yesterday. What are you doing ? she asked. Im hanging this picture on the wall, I answered. Its a new one. Do you like it ? She looked at it critically for a moment. Its all right, she said, but isnt it upside-down ? I looked at it again. She was right! It was!Lesson27 A wet night 雨夜Late in the afternoon, the boys put up their tent in the middle of a field. As soon as this was done, they cooked a meal over an open fire. They were all hungry and the food smelt good. After a wonderful meal, they told stories and sang songs by the camp fire. But some time later it began to rain. The boys felt tired so they pet out the fire and crept into their tent. Their sleeping-bags were warm and comfortable, so they all slept soundly. In the middle of the night, two boys woke up and began shouting. The tent was full of water! They all leapt out of their sleeping-bags and hurried outside. It was raining heavily and they found that a stream had formed in the field. The stream wound its way across the field and then flowed right under their tent!Lesson28 No parking 禁止停车Jasper White is one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths. He has just bought a new house in the city, but ever since he moved in, he has had trouble with motorists. when he returns home at night, he always finds that someone has parked a car outside his gate. Because of this, he has not been able to get his own car into his garage even once. Jasper has put up No Parking signs outside his gate, but these have not had any effect. Now he has put an ugly stone head over the gate. It is one of the ugliest faces I have ever seen. I asked him what it was and he told me that it was Medusa, the Gorgon. Jasper hopes that she will turn motorists to stone. But none of them has been turned to stone yet!Lesson29 Taxi! 出租汽车！Captain Ben Fawcett has bought an unusual taxi and has begun a new service. The taxi is a small Swiss aeroplane called a Pilatus Porter. This wonderful plane can carry seven passengers. The most surprising thing about it, however, is that it can land anywhere: on snow, water, or even on a ploughed field. Captain Fawcetts first passenger was a doctor who flew from Birmingham to a lonely village in the Welsh mountains. Since then, Captain Fawcett has flown passengers to many unusual places. Once he landed on the roof of a block of flats and on another occasion, he landed in a deserted car park. Captain Fawcett has just refused a strange request from a businessman. The man wanted to fly to Rockall, a lonely island in the Atlantic Ocean, but Captain Fawcett did not take him because the trip was too dangerous.Lesson30 Football or polo? 足球还是水球？The Wayle is a small river that cuts across the park near my home. I like sitting by the Wayle on fine afternoons. It was warm last Sunday, so I went and sat on the river bank as usual. Some children were playing games on the bank and there were some people rowing on the river. Suddenly, one of the children kicked a ball very hard and it went towards a passing boat. Some people on the bank called out to the man in the boat, but he did not hear them. The ball struck him so hard that he nearly fell into the water. I turned to look at the children, but there werent any in sight: they had all run away! The man laughed when he realized what had happened. He called out to the children and threw the ball back to the bank. Lesson31 Success story 成功者的故事Yesterday afternoon Frank Hawkins was telling me about his experiences as a young man. Frank is now the head of a very large business company, but as a boy he used to work in a small shop. It was his job to repair bicycles and at that time he used to work fourteen hours a day. He saved money for years and in 1938 he bought a small work-shop of his own. During the war Frank used to make spare parts for aeroplanes. At that time he had two helpers. By the end of the war, the small work-shop had become a large factory which employed seven hundred and twenty-eight people. Frank smiled when he remembered his hard early years and the long road to success. He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in. She wanted him to repair their sons bicycle! Lesson32 Shopping made easy 购物变得很方便People are not so honest as they once were. The temptation to steal is greater than ever before-especially in large shops. A detective recently watched a well-dressed woman who always went into a large store on Monday mornings. One Monday, there were fewer people in the shop than usual when the woman came in, so it was easier for the detective to watch her. The woman first bought a few small articles. After a little time, she chose one of the most expensive dresses in the shop and handed it to an assistant who wrapped it up for her as quickly as possible. Then the woman simply took the parcel and walked out of the shop without paying. When she was arrested, the detective found out that the shop-assistant was her daughter. The girl gave her mother a free dress once a week !lesson33 Out of the darkness 冲出黑暗Nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what had happened to her. One afternoon she set out from the coast in a small boat and was caught in a storm. Towards evening, the boat struck a rock and the girl jumped into the sea. Then she swam to the shore after spending the whole night in the water. During that time she covered a distance of eight miles. Early next morning, she saw a light ahead. She knew she was near the shore because the light was high up on the cliffs. On arriving at the shore, the girl struggled up the cliff towards the light she had seen. That was all she remembered. When she woke up a day later, she found herself in hospital.Lesson34 Quick work 破案“神速”Ted Robinson has been worried all the week. Last Tuesday he received a letter from the local police. In the letter he was asked to call at the station. Ted wondered why he was wanted by the police, but he went to the station yesterday and now he is not worried any more. At the station, he was told by a smiling policeman that his bicycle had been found. Five days ago, the policeman told him, the bicycle was picked up in a small village four hundred miles away. It is now being sent to his home by train. Ted was most surprised when he heard the news. He was amused too, because he never expected the bicycle to be found. It was stolen twenty years ago when Ted was a boy of fifteen !Lesson35 Stop thief! 捉贼！Rov Trenton used to drive a taxi. A short while ago, however, he became a bus-driver and he was not regretted it. He is finding his new work far more exciting. When he was driving along Catford Street recently, he saw two thieves rush out of a shop and run towards a waiting car. One of them was carrying a bag full of money. Roy acted quickly and drove the bus straight at the thieves. The one with the money got such a fright that he dropped the bag. As the thieves were trying to get away in their car, Roy drove his bus into the back of it. While the battered car was moving away, Roy stopped his bus and telephoned the police. The thieves car was badly damaged and easy to recognize. Shortly afterwards, the police stopped the car and both men were arrested. Lesson36 Across the Channel 横渡海峡Erna Hart is going to swim across the English Channel tomorrow. She is going to set out from the French coast at five oclock in the morning. Erna is only fourteen years old and she hopes lo set up a new world record. She is a strong swimmer and many people feel that she is sure to succeed. Ernas father will set out with her in a small boat. Mr Hart has trained his daughter for years. Tomorrow he will be watching her anxiously as she swims the long distance to England. Erna100万头生猪屠宰初加工项目建议书第一章 总论一、项目概况1、项目名称：生猪屠宰初加工项目2、项目性质：新建3、项目建设地点：湖南石门经济开发区4、项目建设内容：新建100万头生猪屠宰初加工生产线5、项目建设条件（1）市场条件 宏观市场：改革开发30年来，在国家和政府的财政扶持和产业政策的作用下，牲猪养殖和猪肉加工产业快速发展，我国猪肉由限量供应到目前的基本满足市场需要。据统计，接至到2008年上半年，全国生猪存栏4.71亿头，其中：能繁母猪存栏5175万头（能繁母猪占存栏猪的比例达到11），生猪出栏2.88亿头，预计全年生猪出栏5.76亿头，猪肉总量5472万吨，人均40.5公斤；根据国家畜牧产业“十一五”发展规划的要求，到2010年，我国肉类需求总量8400万吨，年增长率1.6。但与欧美等发达国家相比，我国肉类食品消费占整个食品消费的比重还不足15，肉类的人均占有量仅为美国的三分之一；在今后的十年内，我国肉类消费仍将保持年均3-5的增长速度，消费市场的潜力十分巨大。 新建项目地市场：湖南省石门县形成了牲猪标准化规模养殖，2008年底出栏89万头，存栏54万头。主要推广品种是杜长大三元杂交商品猪。石门县所在的常德市辖二区、七县（市），有丰富的牲猪资源。石门县牲猪养殖主要是公司+农户的模式，辅之以农户自繁自养。湖南省农业产业化龙头企业湖南双佳农牧科技有限公司、湖南九峰实业有限公司建有高标准的仔猪繁育基地，提供技术支持、饲料供应和商品猪回购。根据石门县牲猪养殖大户（小区）管理与奖励实施办法，石门县已在各乡镇建设了养殖大户196家。石门县已把牲猪养殖列为农业产业化建设的重点，计划到2012年，猪出栏120万头，牛出栏6万头，羊出栏120万头，禽出笼3100万羽。牲猪产业以品种改良和规模养殖为重点，以双佳农牧科技有限公司、湖南九峰实业有限公司为龙头，大力推广杜长大三元杂交商品猪生产，培育扶持养猪专业大户，建立标准化养殖示范小区，通过小区的带动与辐射，加快全县牲猪品种改良步伐，提高规模养殖水平（2）资源条件生猪资源：地区生猪资源应能满足100万头屠宰产能的需求。（3）水电燃料水电供应设施完善，满足项目生产所需。（4）技术条件具有生猪屠宰、冷藏配送及猪肉制品研发、生产和销售技术6、项目实施方案（1）项目场址：湖南石门经济开发区（2）主要设备和生产方法设备选择屠宰车间生猪屠宰设备选择国际先进的生猪屠宰生产线，如低压高频电击晕、真空采血系统、立式蒸汽烫毛、燃气燎毛等新设备、新工艺，以确保产品的高质量、高标准。 生产方法生猪进入屠宰车间后首先被低压高频电击晕机击晕，生猪被击晕后即被悬吊于生产线上，经刺杀、真空吸血、蒸汽烫毛、去毛、去头、蹄、剥皮、开膛、取心、肝、肺及肠肚等工序后自动劈半，进入排酸间，熟化后的胴体进入剔骨分割间，按要求割成部位肉，称重后用薄膜包装，然后装箱速冻入冷库贮存，或不分割，白条肉直接入冷库贮存。（3）环境保护与综合利用主要污染物为有机废水、废渣、废气和噪音。生产车间排放的污水经污水处理站处理达标后排放。锅炉产生的废气用湿式脱硫除尘器处理达标后排放。对锅炉房、氟机房中噪音大的设备采用减震基础，单独布置房间隔音，锅炉燃烧后产生的炉渣可用于建材或修路。生猪屠宰后得到的猪血加工成血红蛋白粉。大小肠加工成肠衣用于制作香肠。猪毛出售后可以用来制作工业和军需用的毛刷。7、项目总投资及资金筹措项目总投资：3.35亿元，其中：固定资产投资2.217亿元，流动资金投入1.132亿元。 项目建设资金来源渠道为：企业自筹+银行贷款。8、项目经济效益和社会效益 经济效益本项目实施后，可实现年销售收入156080万元，年创税收4352万元，年平均销售利润10083万元，投资利税率为6.5。 社会效益项目建成后将形成年屠宰加工100万头的生产能力，形成年创利税总额8924万元，可提供1200个就业岗位，提高该地区生猪屠宰的能力，消化县城养殖产能，消除养殖户的担忧；完善该区域生猪从育配种、养殖、屠宰、加工、销售的完整产业链。项目建成后，利用“国家生猪产业化龙头企业（屠宰加工和销售）+规模化养殖小区 + 农户”的模式，带动地区生猪养殖产业的发展，促进农民充分就业、增加养殖户收入，并起到调整该地区生猪养殖品种，树立品牌，壮大养殖产业规模，拉动地方养殖、饲料加工、仓储、运输、包装和信息咨询等关联产业发展的积极作用。二、项目建设的必要性和重要性：1、目前我国肉制品加工业尚属起步发展阶段，特别是低温肉质产品，国内能生产的厂家不多，据不完全统计，我国肉制品总量占肉类新产品总产量的比例不足8，而发达国家在70以上，我国人口众多，食品工业在国民经济中处于十分重要的地位，振兴肉食品工业是每个肉食品加工企业必须肩负的责任。2、随着社会的进步和发展，人民生活水平的提高，特别是生活节奏的加快，人们对肉制品品种结构需求也发生了很大变化，方便、卫生、营养、美味的肉制品越来越受到广大群众的欢迎。3、引进生猪屠宰加工项目，不仅能促进该地区及周边地区养殖业的发展，而且还将促进相关辅助产业的发展，带动兽医药产业、饲料加工产业、包装材料产业、仓储物流产业、金融信息服务产业等方面的发展，同时还可解决地区剩余劳动力和下岗工人的再就业问题，对促进区域的经济发展和稳定社会秩序具有重要意义。4、现阶段，发展农业产业化经营，一要搞好农业产业结构调整，完善产业链建设；二要加快在产业链各个环节培育出“龙头”企业，尽快形成规模；三要抓基地建设，为龙头企业提供充足稳定的原料来源；四要健全经营机制，通过订单使龙头企业与养殖（农）户结成利益共享，风险共担的共同体。本项目通过建立“国家产业化龙头企业（屠宰加工、销售）+养殖小区+农户”的经营模式，达到带动和辐射作用，扩大生猪养殖产业的规模，增加农民收入，为政府解决“三农”问题起到促进作用。5、引进农业龙头企业进驻，除起到的带动产业发展和辐射作用、增加农民的收入外，还可以引进、提高农产品安全等级、调整养殖品种结构，提升农产品附加值，打造农产品品牌和知名度。综上所述，通过年屠宰加工100万头生猪屠宰加工项目的建设，对地区养殖产业结构调整起到积极的促进作用，其经济效益和社会效益都十分显著。第二章 生猪市场初步分析一、猪肉产品市场供需现状1、国内市场供需现状中国是生猪生产大国，自1949年至1998年底，全国存栏生猪数量为0.58亿头，1957年发展到1.46亿头，到1985年，生猪购销政策全部放开，养猪业得到了极大的发展。上世纪90年代，生猪养殖出现强劲的发展势头，猪肉产量从1990年的2281.1万吨，到1995年猛增到3648.4万吨，年均增长率达到9.8。1997年全国人均猪肉占有量达到32公斤，猪肉市场第一次出现供求平衡略有富余的买方市场，肉价开始连续回落。1998年出栏猪47223万头,猪肉产量3693万吨,存栏生猪数量为48570万头。从1998年到2002年，生猪的产量由高增长回落到年递增3.7，进入了以市场为导向、调整品种结构的生产稳定增长期。2008年上半年,全国生猪存栏达4.71亿头，同比增长了9.4，其中能繁母猪存栏5175万头，同比增长22.5，生猪出栏2.88亿头，同比增长2.1，能繁母猪占存栏猪的比例达到11。纵观近几十年的发展历程，生猪产量一直保持平稳增长态势，今后仍将延续这种发展的趋势。从消费品种看，猪肉仍然是我国肉类消费的主体，超过肉类购买和消费量的一半。2、国际市场供需现状2008 年，全球猪肉产量将达9713万吨，比去年（9570万吨）上升1.5。2008年全球猪肉需求量将达9690万吨，比去年增长1.5。中国需求量排名第一，同比增长1.2，欧盟和美国分别以年需求量2130万吨(增长0.3)和940万吨(增长4.7)位列第二和第三。世界肉类组织预计，至2015年，世界猪肉总产量将达到3.16亿吨。二、猪肉产品目标市场分析欧美发达国家人均肉类消费在70-120 kg，东方民族消费习惯以素食为主，也许不会达到西方民族那样年人均消费量，但目前我国人均消费的水平仍然很低。由于人均食品消费支出占消费支出比例逐年下降，而肉类食品消费总量仍不断增加，在肉制品消费中，低温肉制品将会成为我国肉制品未来发展的主要趋势。到2010年，我国低温肉制品市场容量将达4100多万吨；从肉类食品消费结构来看，国内肉类产量中猪肉占总量的64，其次是禽肉占20，牛肉和羊肉产量分别占10和6，这一消费结构在短期内难以改变。目前中国肉制品加工业仍处于初级发展阶段，深加工产品的比重仅为肉类总产量的4，远低于国外的40，发展的空间很大。未来精深加工的肉制品、冷却肉、小包装肉类需求有较大的增长。中国肉制品行业正处于转型期，资源配置地域性突出，同时大规模的现代生产方式与传统的小生产方式并存，先进的流通方式与落后流通方式并存，发达的城市市场与分散的农村市场并存；行业集中度比较低。雨润、双汇、金锣三家肉类行业龙头企业屠宰生猪仅占我国生猪屠宰总量的4不到，而美国前三家肉类加工企业总体市场份额已超过65。 表明我国屠宰及肉制品行业的行业竞争并不是太激烈，行业整合高峰还没有来到，行业龙头企业在行业发展和整合过程中发展空间巨大。在未来10年内，中国的人口还要增加，人均猪肉的占有量也将增加；如按每年平均新增人口1320万计算，到2010年，我国人口将达到14.04亿，如人均肉类消费水平为70公斤（按目前中等发达国家计算），其中猪肉约占65，即45.5公斤，全国猪肉需求量为6388.2 万吨，以每头胴体重70公斤计，需出栏肉猪9.12亿头。如按出栏率150计算，需养存栏猪6.08亿头；随着国民经济的快速发展，广大农村人均消费水平也会得到很大提高，目前农村的购买力水平，已相当于10年前的城市水平，而农村人口又占总人口的3/4左右，是消费肉食的主要群体，农村人口多吃1公斤肉，等于城市每人多消费3公斤。人们在提高肉类消费水平的同时，还越来越重视膳食结构的调整，对猪肉的品质也有了更高的要求，吃肥猪肉已成为过去，人们追求的是既有营养，又有保健作用的瘦肉食品。目前我国上规模的生产厂家生产的肉制品总量约300万吨左右，无法满足目前我国国内市场的需求。我国肉制品总量消费虽不能和发达国家相比，但要达到20的增长水平还是具有较大把握的，因而，其发展潜力和空间是很大的。三、猪肉产品价格现状与预测根据农业部畜牧业司定点调查2008年12月报资料分析， 2008年国内各地区生猪价格呈现下跌趋势，一季度生猪价格短暂上涨后就进入了价格下跌的通道，整个二、三季度价格持续下跌，至四季度末价格出现反弹。2009年1月各省猪肉价格走势省份仔猪（元 /kg ）生猪（元 /kg ）猪肉（元 /kg ）最低价最高价平均价最低价最高价平均价最低价最高价平均价京15.0025.0020.0013.6014.2013.8420.0022.0021.00津13.0018.0014.7813.4014.2013.8520.0022.0021.33沪9.0924.0016.0414.0015.0014.4318.4026.0021.95黑14.0025.0018.5011.2013.0012.1116.0020.0017.79吉16.0030.0022.0012.4013.6012.9017.0024.0019.83辽20.0024.4423.0312.8014.0013.4418.0022.0019.83冀12.0022.0015.3412.6014.0013.4016.0023.0020.03鲁11.0023.0014.4112.8013.8013.4217.0022.0019.00豫14.0027.3321.1613.0014.0013.6715.0026.0021.79皖10.0024.0013.3813.2014.4013.6518.0026.0020.67川12.0030.6719.6413.2014.4013.9317.0025.0020.32晋12.0024.0018.5013.0014.0013.5218.0020.0019.40陇24.0030.0027.6112.5013.6013.0517.2022.0020.03闽13.8032.0024.5513.8014.5014.1917.0024.0019.51粤21.5030.0024.8813.8014.6014.0716.0022.0019.14苏9.0918.0015.3512.4014.6013.7316.0026.0020.25赣12.4025.3321.3013.6014.0013.8516.0024.0019.35浙18.0022.0020.0014.0014.8014.4518.0025.0020.60湘13.3330.0023.8313.2014.0013.4618.0023.0019.67鄂20.0030.0024.4613.4013.7613.6120.0024.0021.80桂21.6730.6725.6013.4013.9013.7916.5024.0020.94宁25.0027.0026.0012.4013.0012.7018.0022.0020.00琼18.0027.5021.5012.2013.3012.8518.0018.0018.002009年1月初全国猪肉平均价格在 20.10 元 /kg 左右，比去年12月份回升了 0.20 ，全国生猪均价继续小幅回升。 在统计的 23 个省市中，上海、四川、浙江、安徽、湖北、江苏、河北、天津、山东、河南、甘肃、江西的猪肉平均价格均较上年底有不同程度的回升，北京、黑龙江、辽宁、吉林、山西、湖南、宁夏、海南的猪肉平均价格较上年底回落，福建、广东、广西的猪肉平均价格与上年底持平。 纵观全国，各地的猪肉价格主要集中在以下几个区间：上海、湖北、河南、天津、北京的价格在 21.00-22.00 元 /kg ；宁夏、广西、安徽、浙江、四川、河北、甘肃、江苏的价格在 20.00-21.00 元 /kg ；吉林、江西、山东、广东、湖南、辽宁、福建、山西的价格在 19.00-20.00 元 /kg ；黑龙江、海南的价格在 17.00-1800 元 /kg 。第三章 项目建设规模与产品方案一、产品名称：鲜猪肉二、产品品种：白条肉、分割肉三、生产规模：年屠宰加工生猪100万头四、质量标准：