八年级下册英语M1-5学案.doc

八年级下册英语M1-5学案 一、宾语从句：1. 引导词:有疑问-根据要问的问题选用who, what, why, when, which, whose, where, how, if, whether等无疑问-用that，没有实在的意义，可省去eg：我不确定他是否来自中国. I am not sure _ he is from China.我确定他来自中国. I am sure _he is from China.练习：填入适当的词:1) We know _ the earth goes around the sun.2) -I think _ he is a good boy. - Me, too.3) - I dont know _ he was late for school. -Because he got up late.4) -She is sure _ they will go to the concert. -Glad to hear that.5) - Can you tell me _ he will come? - Tomorrow evening. 6) -We are not sure _ we can win in the end or not. - Dont give up.7) - Who knows _ they went to work this morning? -By bus.2. 宾语从句规律： 1）宾语从句语序：人+动Where are you from? - Can you tell me _?Where is he? - Can you tell me _? 但：What is the matter? What is wrong? 语序永远不变) What is wrong? Can you tell me what is wrong?2）助动词do/does/did无影踪。（助动词在句子里翻译不出来，变为宾语从句要去掉）Where do you live? - Can you tell me _? When do you do some cleaning ?- Can you tell me _?3）主句是一般现在时，从句根据时间副词选用相应时态。He knows where he _ yesterday. where he _ tomorrow. where he _ now. A. will go B. is going C. went4）过去对过去：如果主句是一般过去时，那么从句的时态一定要用过去的某种时态。He said that there _(be) no classes yesterday.I didnt know that he _(will) come back next week. I wondered who _(play) the piano best in your class.5）真理永远用一般现在时。 The earth _ around the sun. A. go B goes C. wentWe knew that the earth _ around the sun. A. go B goes C. went总结：宾语从句规律：1）宾语从句人+动，助动词do/does/did无影踪。 2）过去对过去。3）主句是一般现在时，从句根据标志词选用任何时态。 4）真理永远用一般现在时。练习：( )1.Could you tell me _ the nearest hospital is? A. what B. how C. where ( )2. Do you know _ I could pass the exam or not ? A. that B. whether C. if ( )3.Do you know where _ in 2002? A. he lives B. does he live C. he lived( )4. I want to know _ you will come back at 8:00 tomorrow . A. that B. when C. whether( )5.Do you know what time _? A. the train will leave B. does the train leave C. the train leave( )6.You must remember _.A. what your mother said B. what did your mother say C. your mother said what ( )7.Its up to you to decide _ youll go there, by air or by road. A. how B. why C. that( )8.I want to know_. A. what is his name B. what his name is C. whats his name ( )9. I dont know _. Can you tell me, please? A. how the two players are old B. how old are the two players C. how old the two players are( )10. Could you tell me how _the bike this morning? A. he mend B. did he mend C. he mended( )11. Would you please tell me _ next, Mr Wang?A. what should we do B. we should do what C. what we should do( )12. -Excuse me, would you please tell me how _?-Certainly. Go straight along here. Its next to a hospital.A. we can get to the post office B. can we get to the post office C. we could get to the post office二、if 有两个意思：是否，如果1. 规律： if 意为“是否”，时态跟时间副词；if 意为“如果”，用一般现在时表示将来。eg: 我不知道明天是否下雨。如果下雨，我们就不出去。I dont know if it _tomorrow. If it _ tomorrow, we wont go out. (rain) 中文：_ 中文：_( )1.I dont know if he_ tomorrow. If he_, Ill tell you A. will come , comes B. will come , comes C. will come, will come( )2. Can you tell me if it _ fine tomorrow. If it _fine , I will go shopping. A. will, is B. is, will C. will be, is( )3.Could you tell me _ the day after tomorrow?A. whether he will come B. how would he come C. if he comes 2. 有if的句子叫从句，没有的叫主句。 I dont know if he will come. 主句 从句除了考察if表“如果”时从句的时态，有时也考察主句的时态。if 从句 + 主句用祈使句。If a snake bites you, take a photo. ： if 从句+ 主句用will。 If he goes to a different school, I will not see my best friend. ( )1) If he _ up early. he _ the early bus. A. will get, catches B. gets, will catch C. gets, catches 2.如果你不努力学习，你就不会通过考试。If _, you _ the exam.3.如果明天天气好的话，我们就去远足。If it _ tomorrow, we will go hiking.4.如果明天不下雨的话，我们就去远足。If it _tomorrow, we will go hiking. 三、几个易混淆的“花”: 1.花时间：It takes 人 time _ do 2.花钱： _ cost 人 money3.付款买： 人pay 钱 _ 物 根据所接介词区分！4.花时间/钱：人 spend 时间/钱 _ sth 人 spend 时间/钱 _ doing过去式：take-_ pay-_ spend-_ cost-_练习：请根据介词填入相应的“花”：1. He must _ for his food. 2. She _80 yuan for that coat yesterday.3. The TV _ me three thousand yuan. 4.I _ two hours in doing this work.5. I like listening to the music, but I can not _ much time on it. 6. It _me about half an hour to do these exercise this morning.四、不定式to do 和 动名词doing：1. 只接 to do的动词：_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_ 决定 计划 希望 愿望 承诺 同意 提出 学习 想2. 只接 ing的动词：_,_,_,_,_,_,_ 练习 喜欢 完成 一直 介意 觉得 盼望3. 可接 to do 和 ing 作宾语的动词: 意义差不多：hate like love continue begin start意义不同： remember to do 记得去做，还没做 stop to do 停下来去做别的事remember doing 记得做过，已经做了 stop doing 停下正在做的事forget to do 忘记去做，还没做 try to do 努力做 forget doing 忘记做过，已经做了 try doing 尝试做( ) 1. I remember _ my bike to Tom last week. A. borrowing B. to lend C. lending( ) 2. We have walked for a long time. Lets stop _. A. resting B. to rest C. rest( ) 3. I forgot _ his book last week , so I forget _ it back to him. A. borrowing, to give B. to borrow, to give C. to bo