Solar Energy太阳能英语作文.doc

Solar EnergyName: IsabellaSchool: Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Academic adviser: Andrew MilanekDate: 2013/12/08Imagine a world where sunlight can be captured to produce electricity anywhere, on any surface. The makers of thin-film flexible solar cells imagine that world too. But a big problem has been the amount of silicon needed to harvest a little sunshine.Now, researchers at Caltech say theyve designed a device that gets comparable solar absorption while using just one percent of the silicon per unit area that current solar cells need. The work was published in the journal Nature Materials.In recent years, the solar energy for the benefit of mankinds technology industry has become more and more developed.Human has a long history to use the solar energy. “China as early as two thousand years ago, during the Warring States period, know the use of four steel mirror to focus sunlight ignition; use of solar energy to dry agricultural products.”The development of modern, solar energy has become increasingly widespread use, which includes the use of solar energy solar thermal, solar photovoltaic.Whats more solar energy was used by photochemical and so on.People use the solar energy in two ways: the photothermal conversion and the photoelectric conversion. At present, many scientists hold optimistic attitude on the prospect of the solar energy .There are three reasons:（1）General: the sun shines on the earth, whether land or sea, regardless of the mountains or islands, are found everywhere, direct the development and utilization, and exploitation and transportation needless. (2) Sound: the development and utilization of solar energy will not pollute the environment, it is one of the most clean energy。For todays increasingly serious environmental pollution, it is extremely valuable. (3) The great amount: “the solar radiation which reach the earths surface each year about 130 trillion t standard coal.Therefore the solar energy has the largest amount among nature sources.” (4) constancy : according to estimation at present about the rate of nuclear energy produced the sun, the amount of hydrogen storage is sufficient to maintain human for the tens of billions of years, and the earth life is only about billions of years. In this sense, the solar energy can be inexhaustible.On the other hand, we cant ignore the disadvantages of solar energy. First,solar has dispersion.Although there is the large amount of scatter solar radiation reaching the earths surface, energy density is low.Second solar has instability. due to diurnal, season, geographical latitude,altitude restrictions and other natural conditions, and clear, Yin, cloud, rain and other random factors, solar irradiance reaching a certain surface is continuous and very unstable, which increased the difficulty for the solar energy large-scale applications.Third,solar has the low efficiency and high cost. “The current development level of solar energy utilization, is feasible in theory and technology is mature too. But some of the solar energy utilization device, because of the limitation both of efficiency and cost, in general, cant compete with conventional energy . In the future a considerable period of time, the further development of solar energy utilization, mainly faces much difficulty for economic constraints.”In a word,if we can solve these diff