虚拟6171836875.ppt

虚拟语气 虚拟语气是英文中一特殊的语言现象 主要用于表达与事实相反的陈述 常表达强烈愿望 遗憾 感慨 后悔 责备 规劝等语义 真实条件句 真实条件句用于陈述语气 假设的情况可能发生 其中if是如果的意思 时态关系句型 条件从句主句一般现在时shall will 动词原形Ifhecomes hewillbringhisviolin Ifyouleavenow youwillneverregretit 非真实条件句基本类型 1 一 对现在事实的虚拟基本形式 If were did等过式 would could should might doE g IfIwereabird Iwouldflytothemoon IwouldcertainlygoifIhadthetime 非真实条件句基本类型 2 二 对过去事实的虚拟基本形式 If haddone would could should might havedoneE g Ifshehadbeenwarnedearlier shewouldn t thavebrokentherules Ifithadn trained thematchwouldhaveseemedmorefascinating 非真实条件句基本类型 3 三 对将来事实的虚拟基本形式 If shoulddo would could should might do were to v 可能性极小 意思类似汉语中的 万一 E g Ifheshouldforgetthedate Imightteachhimagoodlesson Ifitshouldsnowthisafternoon wecouldmakeasnowman 虚拟条件句的倒装 虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were should 或had 可将if省略 再把were should或had移到从句句首 实行倒装 Weretheyherenow theycouldhelpus Iftheywereherenow theycouldhelpus Hadyoucomeearlier youwouldhavemethim Ifyouhadcomeearlier youwouldhavemethim Shoulditrain thecropswouldbesaved Wereittorain thecropswouldbesaved 混合虚拟语气 主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间 这时主 从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同 这叫做混合条件句 E g Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday youwouldknowwhattodonow IfIhadn tstoodundertheladdertocatchyouwhenyoufell you now A wouldn tbesmilingB couldn thavesmiledC won tsmileD didn tsmile注 混合虚拟语气首先判断是否是虚拟语气 如果是虚拟语气的话 见到now就是混合虚拟语气 Exercises beforewedepartthedayaftertomorrow weshouldhaveawonderfuldinnerparty A HadtheyarrivedB WouldtheyarriveC WeretheyarrivingD Weretheytoarrive注 条件部分省略了if用了倒装 Jeandoesn twanttoworkrightawaybecauseshethinksthatifshe ajobsheprobablywouldn tbeabletoseeherfriendsveryoften A hastogetB weretogetC hadgotD couldhavegot rightnow shewouldgetthereonSunday A WouldsheleaveB IfsheleavesC WereshetoleaveD IfshehadleftWedidn tknowhistelephonenumber otherwisewe him A hadtelephonedB musthavetelephonedC wouldtelephonD wouldhavetelephoned 用在含蓄条件句中 这种用法也常见于or orelse otherwise和but后面的分句中 例如 1 Withoutmusic theworldwouldbeadullplace 2 Butforyourhelp wewouldhavefailed 3 Shewouldhavegonewithus butshedidn thavetime 4 Hemusthavehadanaccident orhewouldhavebeenherethen InyourpositionIwouldkillmyself IfIwereinyourposition 用在wish后的宾语从句中 这种句子主要表示愿望 that常省略 若指现在或将来的愿望 从句用过去时 若指过去没有实现的愿望 从句用过去完成时 例如 1 IwishIhadlearnedtoplaychess 与过去事实相反 2 IwishIrememberedhisaddress 与现在事实相反 3 Iwishhewouldtryagain 对将来情况的假设 SometimesIwishI inadifferenttimeandadifferentplace A belivingB werelivingC wouldliveD wouldhavelivedIwishI longerthismorning butIhadtogetupandcometoclass A havesleptB sleptC mighthavesleptD couldhaveslept 用在ifonly感叹句中 1 IfonlyIknewwhatyouwanted 2 Ifonlyyouhadn ttoldhimwhatIsaid everythingwouldhavebeenallright Ifonlythecommittee theregulationsandputthemintoeffectassoonaspossible A approveB willapproveC canapproveD wouldapprove如果ifonly后面的句子表示与现在或将来的事实相反 这时谓语动词用一般过去时 也可以用would 动词原形 onlyif表示 只有 ifonly则表示 如果 就好了 Ifonly也可用于陈述语气E g Iwakeuponlyifthealarmclockrings asif asthough 引出的方式状语从句中 1 Theoldcouplelovedtheorphanasifshehadbeentheirdaughter 2 Itseemsasifitwerespring It s high timethat 后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式 Youareveryselfish It shightimeyou thatyouarenotthemostimportantpersonintheworld Edgarsaidtohisbossangrily A realizedB haverealizedC realizeD shouldrealize Wouldrather 1 wouldrather加宾从时用一般过去时表示虚拟I dratheryou makeanycommentontheissueforthetimebeing A don tB wouldn tC didn tD shouldn tI dratheryou makeanycommentontheissueforthetimebeing A don tB wouldn tC didn tD shouldn twouldrather加动词 原形 时表示宁愿 相当于情态动词 Iwouldratherstayherethangohome Youdon thavetobeinsuchahurry Iwouldratheryou onbusinessfirst wouldgoB willgoC wentD havegoneIt salready5o clocknow Don tyouthinkit sabouttime wearegoinghomeB wegohomeC wewenthomeD wecangohomeTobefrank I dratheryou inthecase willnotbeinvolvedB notinvolvedC nottobeinvolvedD werenotinvolved 用固定的情态动词 形容词 名词来表示的虚拟语气 should require命令 request要求 reticent沉默的 retinue随从innocent无辜的 天真的IDROPCAPS insist demand desirerequire requestorderproposecommandadviseprefersuggest E g Myideaisthatwe should getmorepeopletoattendtheconference Imakeaproposalthatwe should holdameetingnextweek Wethinkitadvisablethathe should thinkdeeplybeforeacting 判断改错 Youpalefacesuggeststhatyou should beill Yourpalefacesuggeststhatyouareill Iinsistedthatyou should bewrong Iinsistedthatyouwerewrong You himsoclosely youshouldhavekeptyourdistance A shouldn tfollowB mustn tfollowC couldn thavebeenfollowingD shouldn thavebeenfollowingThesuggestionthatthemayor theprizeswasacceptedbyeveryone A wouldpresentB presentC presentsD oughttopresent注 suggest that虚拟语气表建议should可以省略suggestdoingsuggest表明 不接虚拟 Themanagerofthehotelrequeststhattheirguests after11 00p m A nottoplayloudmusicB shouldn tplayloudmusicC don tplayloudmusicD couldn tplayloudmusicHesuggested totomorrow sexhibitiontogether A ustogoB wewentC weshallgoD wego Idon tthinkitadvisablethatTim tothejobsincehehasnoexperience A beassignedB willbeassignedC isassignedD hasbeenassignedItisrecommendedthattheproject untilallthepreparationshavebeenmade A notbestartedB willnotbestartedC isnotstartedD isnottobestartedItispolitelyrequestedbythehotelmanagementthatradios after11o clockatnight A werenotplayedB nottoplayC notbeplayedD didnotplay Itisessentialthattheseapplicationforms backasearlyaspossible A mustbesentB willbesentC aresentD besent注 Itis adj that句型 E g Itisnecessarythathe should cometoourmeetingtomorrow need 不必做 和 本不该做 Therewasplentyoftime She A mustn thavehurriedB couldn thavehurriedC mustnothurryD needn thavehurried Amusement 爱情三步曲II 今天又是一个Friday 俺无事可做idleness 人也很lazy 班长inform 通知 我 说今晚有个party 一想到晚会上会assemble 无数 lady 心里感到阵阵 burst happy 今晚上帝对俺特别的mercy 仁慈 在墙角居然坐着个fairy 仙女 lonely 孤单的 的眼神 迷