HSRP,VRRP,GLBP完全配置.docx

Lab1:HSRP的配置:一:实验拓扑:二:实验要求:Down掉R1和R3中的任何一台路由器主机都能上网。三:实验配置:1:基本接口的配置:(见图)2:路由的配置:R1:router ripver 2net 192.168.1.0net 12.0.0.0no auto-summaryexitR2:router ripver 2net 2.2.2.0net 12.0.0.0net 23.0.0.0no auto-summaryexitR3router ripver 2net 23.0.0.0net 192.168.1.0no auto-summaryexit3:HSRP的配置:R1:int f0/0standby 10 ip 192.168.1.254standby 10 priority 120standby 10 preemptstandby track f1/0 50exitR3:int f1/0standby 10 ip 192.168.1.254standby 10 preemptexit4：测试:在R4模拟的PC1和R5模拟的PC2上将网关改为192.168.1.254.在PC上扩展1W次的ping,然后频繁的down和up活跃路由器的接口,查看通信状态。R5#pingProtocol ip:Target IP address: 2.2.2.2Repeat count 5: 10000Datagram size 100:Timeout in seconds 2:Extended commands n:Sweep range of sizes n:Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 10000, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2.2.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds:!.!.5：相关调试命令:R1#sho standbyFastEthernet0/0 - Group 10 State isActive 10 state changes, last state change 00:03:52Virtual IP address is 192.168.1.253Active virtual MAC address is 0000.0c07.ac0aLocal virtual MAC address is 0000.0c07.ac0a (v1 default) Hello time 3 sec, hold time 10 sec Next hello sent in 1.768 secsPreemption enabled Active router is local Standby router is 192.168.1.2, priority 100 (expires in 9.940 sec) Priority 120 (configured 120) Track interface FastEthernet1/0 state Up decrement 50 IP redundancy name is hsrp-Fa0/0-10 (default)R1#sho standby brief P indicates configured to preempt. |Interface Grp Prio P State Active Standby Virtual IPFa0/0 10 120 P Active local 192.168.1.2 192.168.1.253Lab2:VRRP的配置:1:拓扑,基本接口,和路由的配置保持不变。将HSRP的配置删掉,改为VRRP.在R1 f0/0和R3 f1/0接口模式下no standby 10将HSRP的配置删掉。R1(config)#int f0/0R2(config-if)#no standby 10R3(config)#int f1/0R3(config-if)#no standby 10改为VRRPR1(config)#track 100 interface f1/0 line-protocolR1(config)#int f0/0R1(config-if)#vrrp 10 ip 192.168.1.254R1(config-if)#vrrp 10 priority 120R1(config-if)#vrrp 10 preemptR1(config-if)#vrrp 10 track 100 decrement 50R3(config)#int f1/0R3(config-if)#vrrp 10 ip 192.168.1.254R3(config-if)#vrrp 10 preempt2:测试VRRP(跟HSRP一样测试)3:调试VRRP.R1#sho vrrpFastEthernet0/0 - Group 10 State is MasterVirtual IP address is 192.168.1.254Virtual MAC address is 0000.5e00.010a Advertisement interval is 1.000 sec Preemption enabled Priority is 120 Track object 100 state Up decrement 50 Master Router is 192.168.1.1 (local), priority is 120 Master Advertisement interval is 1.000 sec Master Down interval is 3.531 secR1#sho vrrp briefInterface Grp Pri Time Own Pre State Master addr Group addrFa0/0 10 120 3531 Y Master 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.2Lab3:GLBP的配置:1:拓扑,基本接口,和路由的配置保持不变。将VRRP的配置删掉,改为GLBP.在R1 f0/0和R3 f1/0接口模式下no standby 10将HSRP的配置删掉。R1(config)#int f0/0R1(config-if)#no vrrp 10R3(config)#int f1/0R3(config-if)#no vrrp 10改为GLBPR1(config)#track 100 interface FastEthernet1/0 line-protocolR1(config)#int f0/0R1(config-if)#glbp 10 ip 192.168.1.252R1(config-if)#glbp 10 priority 120R1(config-if)#glbp 10 preemptR1(config-if)#glbp 10 weighting track 100 decrement 50R3(config)#int f1/0R3(config-if)#glbp 10 ip 192.168.1.252R3(config-if)#glbp 10 preempt2:测试GLBP(跟HSRP一样测试)R4(config)#ip default-gateway 192.168.1.2523:调试GLBP.R1#sho glbpFastEthernet0/0 - Group 10State is Active 4 state changes, last state change 00:00:46 Virtual IP address is 192.168.1.252 Hello time 3 sec, hold time 10 sec Next hello sent in 1.816 secs Redirect time 600 sec, forwarder time-out 14400 sec Preemption enabled, min delay 0 sec Active is local Standby is 192.168.1.2, priority 100 (expires in 9.896 sec) Priority 120 (configured) Weighting 100 (default 100), thresholds: lower 1, upper 100 Track object 100 state Up decrement 50Load balancing: round-robin Group members: cc00.0a50.0000 (192.168.1.1) local cc00.0dfc.0010 (192.168.1.2) There are 2 forwarders (1 active) Forwarder 1 State is Active 3 state changes, last state change 00:00:18 MAC address is 0007.b400.0a01 (default) Owner ID is cc00.0a50.0000 Redirection enabled Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec Active is local, weighting 100 Arp replies sent: 1 Forwarder 2 State is Listen MAC address is 0007.b400.0a02 (learnt) Owner ID is cc00.0dfc.0010 Redirection enabled, 599.304 sec remaining (maximum 600 sec) Time to live: 14399.304 sec (maximum 14400 sec) Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec Active is 192.168.1.2 (primary), weighting 100 (expires in 9.304 sec)R1#sho glbp briefInterface Grp Fwd Pri State Address Active router Standby routerFa0/0 10 - 120 Active 192.168.1.252 local 192.168.1.2Fa0/0 10 1 - Active 0007.b400.0a01 local -Fa0/0 10 2 - Listen 0007.b400.0a02 192.168.1.2 -四:总结:HSRP,VRRP,GLBP都只能实现网关的冗余，也就是说下一跳冗余,没有其它作用。目的相同,但实现原理稍有区别:HSRPVRRPGLBP工作原理虚拟接口地址不能是物理接口地址虚拟接口地址可以是物理接口地址不能为物理接口地址虚拟mac0000.0c07.acxx1个组号0000.5e00.01xx1个组号根据组成员数有多少个mac,最多4个组成员4个mac发送目标地址UDP端口:1985目标IP:224.0.0.2IP协议号:112目标IP:224.0.0.18目标:224.0.0.102计时器Hello:3sHoldtime:10sHe