unit 4 language points.doc

Book 6 Unit 4 Global WarmingLanguage Points 1 教师版Warming up 1. consume: v. 消耗，耗费（燃料、能量、时间等）；消费 consumer: n. 消费者，用户，顾客 a consumer society: 消费社会eg. The hotel was quickly consumed by fire. 那座旅馆很快被大火吞噬。2. renewable: adj. 可再生的；可更新的；可继续的 renew: v. 使更新；重新开始；续借；复兴；重申 renewable resource 可再生资源 ; 可再生能源 ; eg. The wiring in your house should be renewed every ten to fifteen years. 你家里的电线应该每十年到十五年更新一次。Paragraph 1 3. rapid: adj. 迅速的，急促的；飞快的；险峻的 rapidly: adv. 迅速地；很快地；立即4. compare: v. 比较，对比；与类似 comparison: n.比较，对比 compare A to B: 把A比作B例如： We compare him to a little tiger. 我们把他比作小老虎。 compare . with: 把A和B比较例如： We must compare the present with the past. 我们要把现在和过去比较一下。 比较网站：compare with 侧重一个仔细的比较过程。有时，两者都可以互相代替。例如： He compared London to (with) Paris. 他把伦敦比作巴黎。5. come about: 发生；造成拓展：与come有关的短语come along:出现，进展come across:偶然碰见，无意中找到come up with:赶上；提出（建议）come up:走进；（从土中）长出，发芽come to:总计，达到，恢复知觉come out:出版，发行；显露come into being: 形成；出现come back to life: 复活eg. How did it come about that he knew where we were? (It是形式主语，that从句是真正的主语)他是怎么知道我们在什么地方的呢？6. explore: v. 探索；探测；探险 exploration: n. 探测；探究；踏勘Paragraph 2 7. phenomenon: n. 现象 phenomena: n. (pl) 现象Paragraph 38. subscribe: v.订阅；捐款；认购；赞成；签署 subscribe to: 同意；赞成；订购9. quantity: n. 数量；量 quality: n. 质量；品质in quantity: 大量地a quantity of = large quantities of 大量的比较网站：a quantity of 接名词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式quantities of 接名词作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式10. go up: 上升；增长；升起有关与go的搭配短语：go around: 传扬；传播go against: 反对；违背；不利于go by: 经过go without : 没有也行go over: 复习；查阅；视察；查看go in for: 参加（考试）；应试Paragraph 511. result in: 导致 后面接的时结果；与lead to, cause 同义result from: 起因于；由产生。后面接的时起因；与lie in 同义as a result: 结果；因此as a result of: 作为的结果Paragraph 612. tend: vi. 趋向；易于；照顾 vt.照顾；护理 tendency: n倾向；趋势 trend: n趋势；倾向；走向 tend to do sth: 常常会做某事；倾向于做某事 tend to/towards sth: 趋向；倾向 have a tendency to/towards sth 有的倾向eg. She tends to get angry when others disagree with her. 别人不同意她的看法时，她容易生气。13. 有关自然灾害的单词：catastrophe: 大灾难；浩劫flood: 洪水；水灾drought: 旱灾；干旱famine: 饥荒earthquake: 地震mudslide: 泥石流sandstorm: 沙尘暴typhoon: 台风 14. disappearance: n. 消失；失踪 appearance: n. 外貌，外观；出现，露面 disappear: v. 消失；失踪；使不存在；使消失 appear: v. 出现；显得；似乎；出庭；登场15. oppose: vt. 反对；反抗；与（某人）较量 oppose = object to （to 为介词）opposed: adj. 反对的；对立的oppose (doing) sth: 反对(做)某事oppose sth with sth: 使和相对oppose oneself to sth: 反对某事be opposed to: 反对eg. They opposed working on Sundays. 他们反对星期日工作。16. environmental: adj. 环境的，周围的；有关环境的 environment: n. 环境；外界17. state: vt. 陈述；说明；n. 状态；情况；国家；州；邦 in a.state处于状态中in a bad/good state处于良好(差)状况中 statement: n. 陈述；声明；说明 stated: adj. 说出的；宣布的 statesman: n. 政治家 make a statement: 作陈述 It is stated that 据宣布/据称/据说Eg. It is stated that the fire started in a cottage. 据说火是从一间小屋里烧起来的。18. consequence: n. 结果；后果；影响 consequent: adj. 作为结果的； 随之发生的 as a consequence = as a result 因而；结果 in consequence of = as a result of 因为；由于19. range: n. 种类；范围 v. 排列；变化 a wide rang of 一系列 in/ within range 在射程以内；在范围内beyond/ out of range 在射程外；在范围外in/ out of the range of 在/超出范围out of ones range 某人能力所不及的range from to 从到 不等；range between and 在和之间变动eg. The student has a wide range of interest. 那个学生的兴趣很广泛。Paragraph 720. keep on: 继续 keep doing sth: 继续或反复做某事 keep sb. doing sth: 使某人处在做某事的状态中 keep sb from doing sth: 阻止某人做某事 (=stop sb from doing sth) 有关与keep的固定搭配： keep away from: 避开；不接近 keep back: （使）后退；忍住；隐瞒 keep to: 遵守；坚持 keep off: （使）让开；（使）不接近 keep out: 挡住；使不进去 keep down: 控制；抑制keep up: 维持；保持keep up with: 赶上；跟上page 2721. glance vi. 一瞥，扫视，匆匆一看n. 一瞥，扫视，掠过，闪光glance at/about/around/round/up/down. 向看at a glance 立刻，一眼，(只)看一眼at first glance 乍一看give/take/shoot/throw a glance (at). 看一眼glance off 擦过，掠过eg. He glanced nervously at his watch. 他紧张不安地看了一下表。22. steady: adj. 平稳的；持续的；稳固的 steadily: adv. 平稳地；持续地；稳固地Using languagelanguage points 223. on behalf of: 代表某人；作为的代言人behalf: n. 代表；利益on ones behalf = on behalf of sb: 代表一方stand for: 代表eg. The English teacher cant be here today, so I am going to speak on her behalf. 今天英语老师不能老，所以我将代表她发言。 24. individual: n. 个人，个体； adj. 单独的，个别的25. advocate: v. 拥护；提倡； n. 拥护者；支持者；提倡者 advocate of sth: 的支持者；拥护者；鼓吹者 advocate sth/ doing sth: 提倡/ 支持某事/做某事eg. They are advocates of free trade. 他们是自由贸易的倡导者。eg. He advocated building more schools in these areas. 他主张在这些区域建立更多的学校。26. put up with: 忍受；容忍表示“忍受”的表达：stand; bear; endure拓展：与put搭配的短语：put aside节省，储蓄，储存put down写下，记下，击败，平定put forward提出建议，把向前拨put off延期，推迟put on穿上，戴上，演出put out熄灭，扑灭put through接通电话27. growth: n.生长；增长 grow: v. 生长；增长 the growth of industry 工业的发展 the growth of the economy 经济的发展28. so long as = as long as: 只要， 引导条件状语从句Eg. My parents dont care what job I do as long as Im happy. 我父母对我从事什么工作无所谓，只要我开心就好。29. casual: adj. 漫不经心的；随便的；临时的 Be casual about: 对漫不经心； 对随便的 casually: adv. 偶然地；碰巧地Eg. She is casual about her job. 她对工作漫不经心。 He had a casual attitude to life. 他对待生活的态度很随便。30. refresh: vt. 使恢复；使振作 fresh: adj. 新鲜的；清新的；淡水的；无经验的eg. The long sleep had refreshed her. 一场酣睡使她重新又精力充沛。 31. circumstance: n. 环境；情况 in/