被动语态 (2).ppt

Grammarandusage Unit 3 Thepassivevoice Theman call Goodhusband iscalled Thepetdog treat byveterinary isbeingtreated Afrog catch byabigbirdjustnow wascaught be done Thepassivevoice Whendoweusethepassivevoice 1 不知道或没必要指出动作的自行者2 强调动作的承受者3 动作的执行者有较长的修饰语4 出于礼貌 不愿意说出动作的执行者 Changethefollowingsentencesintothepassivevoice 1 Allofuslikeher 2 Wearediscussingthequestion 3 Wehaveputoffthemeeting 4 Iwilldevelopmypicturenextweek Sheislikedbyallofus Thequestionisbeingdiscussed Themeetinghasbeenputoff Mypicturewillbedevelopednextweek be done am is are am is are being will is am aregoingto be have has been be done was were would was were be hadbeen was were being Fillintheblankswiththerightformofthewordsgiven I give anewbookbymyfatheronmybirthday English find veryuseful 3 Thework finish tomorrow 4 Theflowers water bythemnow wasgiven isfound willbefinished arebeingwatered Therailway build thistimelastyear Thenewway already build Thenewrailway build bytheendoflastyear Hetoldmethesportsmeeting hold thenextmonth wasbeingbuilt has beenbuilt hadbeenbuilt wouldbeheld 被动语态的各种句型 1 单宾语结构S V O OurEnglishteacheroftenusesatape recorderinteachingEnglish Atape recorderisoftenused byourEnglishteacher inteachingEnglish Thevillagersgavetheforeignguestsawarmwelcome Theforeignguestsweregivenawarmwelcomebythevillagers Awarmwelcomewasgiventotheforeignguestsbythevillagers Weofferedpeopleinthefloodedareassomefoodandclothes 2 双宾语结构S V O O Peopleinthefloodedareasweregivensomefoodandclothes Somefoodandclothesweregiventothepeopleinthefloodedareas 用直接宾语 sth 做被动语态的主语时 通常要在间接宾语 sb 前加上适当的介词 以加强语气 for改写的动词有 buy choose do get leave make paint play save spare to改写的动词有 bring give offer pass pay permit return send take tell等 3 复合宾语结构S V O C Theyheardsomeonesinginginthenextroom object Objectcomplement Someonewasheardsinginginthenextroom Theysawtheboyfallfromthetree Theboywasseentofallfromthetree 4 被动语态中 有时get可以用来代替beget V ed多用于口语中 强调动作的结果 getchanged getpaid getstolen getdressedgethurt wounded injured Pleasewaitawhile I lljustgoandgetchanged seem appear V ed也可以构成被动语态 Sheseemsannoyedbyhiswords 她似乎被他的话搞得很生气 Itissaidthat Itisreportedthat Itishopedthat Itiswellknownthat Itisbelievedthat Itmustbeadmittedthat Itmustbepointedoutthat 5 在一些固定句型中常用被动语态 6 短语动词结构的被动语态 是一个整体 不可以丢掉后面的介词或副词如 lookafter giveup takecareof payattentionto makeuseof putoff wakeup putout等 Thechildrenmustbetakencareof Thebigfirehasbeenputout 特别警士 1 只有及物动词和及物动词短语才可以有被动语态 不及物动词 不及物动词短语或系动词没有被动语态 如 rise differ consistof belongto happen occur takeplace breakout comeabout等 Correctmistakes Thisroomisbelongedtome Thismusicissoundedsweet belongsto sounds 2 表示状态的及物动词只能用于主动语态 如have 有 吃饭 患病等 own lack 缺乏 hold belongto等 Helacksself confidence Thishallcanhold2 000people Wouldyouhaveacupoftea 主动形式表示被动意义的用法 1 在形容词difficult hard easy heavy light comfortable pleasant fit nice等后面 常用todo 主语 be adj forsb todoJohniseasytogetalongwith Idon tthinkEnglishdifficulttolearn Thechairiscomfortabletositon 2 感官动词等连系动词 如 look sound feel taste smell prove remain stay等主动语态表被动意义 Thetablefeelssmooth Whathesaidsoundsreasonable Histheoryprovedcorrect 3 物做主语 1 动词wash sell write open close lock shut cut drive read wear等与副词well easily smoothly等连用 说明主语内在性能特点 主动表被动 Thebooksellswell Thecardriveseasily Thematerialburnseasily 2 表示 运行 的动词 Themachinerunswell Hisvoicerecordswell 4 当动词need want require作 需要 解 后用doing tobedone Thebikeneedsrepairing Thebikeneedstoberepaired Thehousewantscleaning Thehousewantstobecleaned 4 be well worth之后用V ing形式 Thebookisworthreading 这本书值得读 Thefilmiswellworthseeing 这部电影值得看 5 表示 开始 结束 如begin start open close end finish等 SchoolbeginsinSeptember Thedoorwon topen 6 有些动词如tolet toblame用todo做表语 Thehouseistolet 此房出租 Iamtoblameforthematter 我应为此事受责备 被动形式表示主动含义 beseated seatoneselfbelost loseoneselfbedressed dressoneselfbesatisfied boredwithbeconcernedaboutbeopposedtosth be well preparedtodobelocated situatedin lieingetchangedgetwashedgetmarried 被动语态与系表结构 被动语态表示动作 句子主语是该动作的