英语Unit2DNAlesson11学案(冀教版九年级下).doc

Lesson 11: Cloning People?学案一、学习目标：1. 掌握的词汇及短语exactly, divide, crazy2. 识别的词汇短语human being, original, adult, Dolly, insect二、重点语句分析：1. What if scientists could make clones of human beings? 如果科学家们会制造克隆人将会怎样？human一词的用法human用作名词表“人类”意义时相当于human being，a human指“一个人”，它的复数形式是humans，而human being的复数形式是human beings。【辨析】：human being, man与mankindhuman being及human指区别于动物或上帝的“人”，该词常和animal同时出现在句中，形成对比。man一般以单数形式出现（现在也有人以复数men表示“人类”）其前无任何限定词。mankind前也不可以加人和限定词，但可用形容词修饰。它是集合名词，作单数或复数用，谓语动词的数及其对应的代词酌情处理。They are not the bones of an animal, but of a human beings. 它们不是动物的骨头，而是人的骨头。Men is fighting a battle against pollution. 人类正与污染作斗争。Men today face a struggle for survival.人类当前正在进行生存斗争。Mankind is much clever than it was a thousand years ago. 人类比1000年前聪明多了。All progressive mankind love peace. 所有进步人类都爱好和平。2. After a person or animal has died, we cannot clone them. 一个人或动物死了之后，我们就不能克隆他们了。die 是动词，意思是“死，死亡”，是一个瞬间动词，不能与一段时间连用。My grandpa died two years ago. 我爷爷两年前就去世了。The old man died of cancer. 那位老人死于癌症。The fish will die without water. 离开水鱼会死去。【拓展】：a. death是名词，意思为“死亡，去世”。The memorial hall was built one year after his death. 他死后一年，纪念馆建成了。His death is a great loss to us. 他的死是我们的巨大损失。b. dying是die的现在分词，用作形容词，意思是“垂死的，即将死去的”。The doctors have saved the dying man. 医生们救活了那个垂死的人。The poor dog had no food, it was dying. 可怜的狗没有食物，快要饿死了。The dying father wanted to see his son. 那个垂死的父亲想见见他的儿子。c. dead adj. 意思为“死了的，无生命的”，表示状态，可以与一段时间连用。The tree has been dead for ten years. 这棵树死了有10年了。The rabbits are all dead. 这些兔子都是死的。She looked at her dead cat sadly. 她伤心地看着她死去的猫。2.We can divide a growing egg in half. 我们能把一个活卵子分成两个。1) divide vt.& vi.（常与in, into连用）分开，划开Lets divide ourselves into several groups. 我们分成几个小组吧。How shall we divide up the labour in the work? 我们怎样分工？This class is too large; we shall have to divide it for oral practice. 这个班级太大，我们必须分开做口语练习。【注意】：divide和separate这两个词都有“分开”的意思，但含义和用法都不太相同。divide指的是把人或物分成若干等分，常与介词into连用；separate指的是将一个整体的物品分开或将两个靠近的物品分开，使其不在一起，常与介词from连用。Lets divide these books into ten parts. 我们把这些书分成10份吧。A fence separated the cows from the pigs. 围栏把奶牛和猪分开了。2)英语中的“一半”是a half。但如果说“一半的”，也就是说如果后接一个名词时，则多用half a+名词。【拓展】：half a kilo 0.5千克half a day/week/year半个/半个星期/半年half an egg/apple半个鸡蛋/苹果half a kilo of bread/bananas /meat千克的面包/香蕉/肉a. one and a half后面习惯接复数名词The film lasted one and a half hours. 这场电影演了一个半小时。b. half of之后接单数名词（代词宾格）是谓语用单数；若接复数名词（代词宾格）位于用复数。Half of it is good. 那一半是好的。Half of them are good. 那些的一半是好的。c. two hours and a half多用于口语；two and a half hours多用于书面语，均为“2.5”个小时。two and a half之后要跟复数名词，单数动词。如：Two and a half hours passes quickly. 2.5个小时过得很快。从上下文看，当half作为名词单数表示一系列的可数东西时谓语动词用复数。如：Half are eaten by himself. 他自己吃了一半。4.It may let scientists find new ways to help sick people. 这也许能帮助科学家们找到帮助病人的新方法。sick和ill都是形容词，表示“生病的”，但二者无区别：ill只可用作表语；而既可作表语，也可做定语。He is ill/sick in hospital. 他生病住院了。He is a sick boy. （正）He is an ill boy. （误）这男孩生病了。【注意】：sick, ill都作“病了”解，但英国人多说ill，美国人多说sick。说患病，人是sick或ill都可以，但动植物一般是sick而不是ill。此外，ill一般不会用在名词之前。5.I think it would be fun to have a twin, but I dont think I would want to be cloned! 我认为有个双胞胎会很有趣，但是我认为我不想被克隆。当think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等表示看法、意见的动词后接含not的宾语从句时且主句主语为第一人称，习惯上把not移到主句之中，构成否定转移。如：I dont think that she is interested in maths. 我认为她对数学没有兴趣。I dont think its necessary for them to buy so big a house. 我认为他们没有必要买那么大一座房子。6.What kind of DNA are they wearing? 他们带有哪种DNA?【辨析】：wear, put on与dresswear表示“穿，穿着”“戴，戴着”，强调状态。put on表示“穿上，戴上”，强调动作。dress表示“穿衣”，其宾语是表示人的名词，而不是表示衣服的名词。He always wears a hat. 他总是戴着一顶帽子。Put on your glasses if you cant see clearly. 看不清的话，就戴上眼镜。She dressed herself in a red coat. 她穿上一件红色大衣。7.What else have scientists designed by changing DNA? 通过改变DNA，科学家们还设计了其他的什么东西？else的用法else表达“其他的，其余的”的含义，通常用在不定代词（something, anything, nobody, somebody, nothing等）获疑问代词（what, which, who等）之后。Do you want something else? 你还想要点别的吗？He is full and needs nothing else. 他吃饱了，别的什么也不再需要了。I am the only person here; there is nobody else. 只有我在这儿，再没别人了。What else do you want? 你还想要什么？Who else will be here? 还有谁会来？【友情提示】：else与other都可以表示“别的”。但是other修饰名词，位于名词的前面；else修饰不定代词、疑问代词或疑问副词，必须位于这些词之后。Whats that in the other hand? 另一只手里拿着什么？Do you have anything else to say? 你还有别的事情要说吗？Who else can play the piano? 还有谁会弹钢琴？8.One group agues for an idea; the other argues against it. 一个小组赞成一个观点；另一个小组反对一个观点。argue for赞成，其反义词组是argue against（反对）Do you argue for their plan or (argue) against? 你赞成他们的计划还是反对他们的计划？(1) living things 生物 (2) two different plants. 两种不同的植物三、练习. Fill in the blanks with proper prepositions or conjunctions:1. What if scientists could make clones _ human beings?2. But would they be exactly the same _ the original humans?3. _ some ways, clones would be exactly the same.4. We can divide a growing egg _ half.5. They divided the class _ four groups.6. Some people worry _ the answer _ that question.7. His sweater is good except _ the colour.8. Yesterday I lost the key _ the door.9. Your DNA is _ every part of your body.10. Japanese is quite different _ English.11. Many clothes are made _ cotton.12. Have you ever seen a pig _ a dogs body?13. _ changing the DNA, scientists made stronger cotton plants.14. Scientists say we need to know more _ DNA before we start changing it.15. We can make plants that are bad _ insects. Fill in each blank with the proper word from the brackets:1. What if it _(rain) tomorrow?2. Other people think human _(clone) is okay.3. Everyone except Jim and John _ (be) there when the meeting began.4. Li Lei, together with us _ (be) playing now.5. His uncle has been _(die) for many years.6. Li Lei is always _(worry) about his studies.7. What he said makes me _(worry).8. Who is the _(design) of our new school building?9.The boy can _(exact) learn these numbers by heart.同义句转换，每空一词：1. What else have scientists designed by changing DNA? What _ _ have scientists designed by changing DNA?2. The computers are made in Japan. They sell well. The computers _ _ _ in Japan sell well. The computers _ in Japan sell well.3. We can only make clones from living DNA. We can only make clones _ _ living DNA.4. It may let scientists find new ways to help people who are ill. It may let scientists find new ways to help _ _.5. You can divide the apple in half. You can div