毕节地区10万亩草地建设项目建议书(赫章县).doc

to the library and find out. He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies! He had better do some research!At the library Wang Peng was surprised to find that his restaurant served far too much fat and Yong Huis far too little. Even though her customers might get thin after eating Yong Huis food, they were not eating enough energy-giving food to keep them fit. They would become tired very quickly. Wang Peng felt more hopeful as he drove back home. Perhaps with a discount and a new sign he could win his customers back! So he wrote:Want to feel fit and energetic?Come and eat here! Discounts today!Our food gives you energy all day!The competition between the two restaurants was on!COME AND EAT HERE (2)A week later, Wang Pengs restaurant was nearly full and he felt happier. Perhaps he would be able to earn his living after all and not have to close his restaurant. He did not look forward to being in debt because his restaurant was no longer popular. He smiled as he welcomed some customers warmly at the door but the smile left his face when he saw Yong Hui walking in. She did not look happy but glared at him. “May I ask what you were doing in my restaurant the other day? I thought you were a new customer and now I know that you only came only to spy on me and my menu,” she shouted. “Please excuse me,” he calmly explained,“I wanted to know where all my customers had gone last week. I followed one of them and found them in your restaurant. I dont want to upset you, but I found your menu so limited that I stopped worrying and started advertising the benefits of my food. Why dont you sit down and try a meal?” Yong Hui agreed to stay and soon they were both enjoying the dumplings and breast of chicken cooked with garlic. When they were served the ice cream, Yong Hui began to look ill. “I feel sick with all this fat and heavy food,”she said,“I miss my vegetables and fruit.”Wang Peng was enjoying a second plate of dumplings so he sighed.“Yes,”he added,“and I would miss my dumplings and fatty pork. Dont you get tired quickly?” “Well, I do have to rest a lot, ”admitted Yong Hui. “But dont you think it would be better if you were a bit thinner? Im sure you would feel much healthier.” They began to talk about menus and balanced diets. “According to my research, neither your restaurant nor mine offers a balanced diet,”explained Wang Peng.“I dont offer enough fibre and you dont offer enough bodybuilding and energygiving foods. Perhaps we ought to combine our ideas and provide a balanced menu with foods full of energy and fibre. ”So that is what they did.They served raw vegetables with the hamburgers and boiled the potatoes rather than frying them .They served fresh fruit with the ice cream. In this way they cut down the fat and increased the fibre in the meal. Their balanced diets became such a success that before long Wang Peng became slimmer and Yong Hui put on more weight. After some time the two found that their business cooperation had turned into a personal one .Finally they got married and lived happily ever after. FOR BUILDING A MCDONALDSI was excited when I heard that our community was to have its own McDonalds restaurant. I thought about all those young people who would not have to go to the next town to buy their favourite burgers and chips. McDonalds cares about healthy eating too and works with scientists to provide food that is of high quality, safe and healthy. It is also cheap .They often provide salads as well as burgers and chips. You can also choose between cola and milk shakes(奶昔). Of course it also means more work for our area that needs jobs badly. McDonalds say they are interested in doing what is right for the community and being a good neighbour. So I think they will be concerned about providing parking for the cars in our main street. Many of our young people will be only too happy to work for the company. McDonalds makes a promise to the people that work for them. They say,“We value you, your growing skills and your help to the company.”I can see nothing but good if this company comes to build its restaurant in our town.AGAINST BUILDING A MCDONALDSI am very worried about McDonalds building a restaurant in our hometown. We are a small community and we enjoy our local dishes. I am not sure if McDonalds food is as healthy as they say in their advertisements. When scientists look at it carefully, they find high levels of fat, sugar and salt. This is very worrying. Too many young people are getting fat through eating too much fatty food. McDonalds is not giving young people a good idea of what a healthy diet should be. Local Chinese food, on the other hand, is full of fresh vegetables and fresh meat and fish. The food at a McDonalds restaurant is always the same, so I wonder if it is made or brought in from elsewhere. Although it is freshly cooked, it must be less healthy than our own locally grown and cooked Chinese food.I also worry about all those cars bringing people to buy food at McDonalds. First, there would be petrol fumes(气体),which will make our clean air dirty. Second, theres the problem of all those cars that try to park and prevent other cars from moving quickly through our town. Im sure many young people would be happy to work for McDonalds but will they be treated fairly？In American, McDonalds does not allow workers unions to operate in its restaurants and these are people who speak up for the workers. If, as they say, the workers are happy with them ,why should they fear some workers joining a union?So when I consider the food, the cars and the jobs, I think we should not allow McDonalds to build their restaurant in our town.Unit 3the million pound bank noteAct I, Scene 3Narrator: It is the summer of 1903. Two old and wealthy brothers, Roderick an dOliver, have made a bet. Oliver believes that with a million pound bank note a man could survive a month in London. His brother Roderick doubts it. At this moment, they see a penniless young man wandering on the pavement outside their house. It is Henry Adams, an American businessman, who is lost in London and does not know what he should do.Roderick: Young man, would you step inside a moment, please?Henry: Who? Me, sir?Roderick: Yes, you.Oliver: Through the front door on your left.Henry: ( A servant opens a door) Thanks.Servant: Good morning, sir. Would you please come in? Permit me to lead the way, sir.Oliver: （Henry enters）Thank you, James. That will be all.Roderick: How do you do, Mrer?Henry: Adams. Henry Adams.Oliver: Come and sit down, Mr Adams.Henry: Thank you.Roderick: You are an American?Henry: That s right, from San Francisco.Roderick: How well do you know London?Henry: Not at all, its my first trip here.Roderick: I wonder, Mr Adams, if youd mind US asking a few questions.Henry: Not at all. Go right ahead.Roderick: May we ask what youre doing in this country and what your plans are?Henry: Well, I cant say that I have any plans. Im hoping to find work. As a matter of fact, I landed in Britain by accident. Oliver: How is that possible?Henry: Well, you see, back home I had my own boat. About a month ago, I was sailing out of the bay ( his eyes stare at what is left of the brothers dinner on table.)Oliver: Well, go on.Henry: Oh, yes. Well, towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind. It was all my fault. It didnt know whether I could survive until morning. The next morning Id just about given myself up for lsot when I was spotted by a ship.Oliver: And it was the ship that brought you to England.Henry: Yes. The fact is that I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand, which accounts for my appearance. I went to the American embassy to seek help, but ( The brothers smile at each other.)Roderick: Well, you mustnt worry about that. Its an advantage.Henry: Im afraid I dont quite follow you, sir.Roderick: Tell us, Mr Adams, what sort of work did you do in America.Henry: I worked for a mining comapany. Could you offer me some kine of work here?Roderick: Patience, Mr Adams. If you dont mind, may I ask you how much money you have?Henry: Well, to be honest, I have none.Oliver: (happily) What luck! Brother, what luck! (claps his hands together)Henry: Well, it may seem lucky to you but not to me! On the contrary, in fact. If this is you idea of some knd of joke, I dont think its very funny. ( Henry stands up to leave) Now if youll excuse me, I think Ill be on my way.Roderick: Please dont go, Mr Adams. You mustnt think we dont care about you. Oliver, give him the letter.Oliver: Yes, the letter. (gets it from a desk and gives it to Henry like a gift ) The letter.Henry: (taking it carefully) For me?Roderick: For you. (Henry starts to open it) Oh, no, you mustnt open it. Not yet. You cant open it until two oclock.Henry: Oh, this is silly.Roderick: Not silly. Theres money in it (calls to the servant) James ?Henry: Oh, no. I dont want your charity. I just want an honest job.Roderick: We know youre hard-working. Thats why weve given you the letter. James, show Mr Adams out.Henry: Well, why dont you explain what this is all about?Roderick: Youll soon know. (looks at the clock) In exactly an hour and a half.Servant: This way, sir.Roderick: Mr Adams, not until 2 oclock. Promise?Henry: Promise. Goodbye. Act I, Scene 4( Outside a restaurant Henry looks at the envelope without opening it and decides to go in. He sits down at a table next to the front window.)Owner: ( seeing Henrys poor appearance) That ones reserved. This way, please.( to the waiter) Take this gentlemans order, Horace.Henry:贵州省毕节地区10万亩草场及“黑马羊”生产基地建设项目建议书第一章 总论1.1 项目摘要1、项目名称：10万亩草场及“黑马羊”生产基地建设2、承办单位概况（新建项目指筹建单位情况，技术改造项目指原企业情况）：赫章县畜牧兽医局，有在职人员共114人，其中专业技术人员93人，副高职称2人，中级职称24人。另有村防疫员609人，内设四科一室，下设草地站、品种改良站、兽医监督所、动物疾控中心等五个基层单位。2007年，为了保证草地生态畜牧业项目的顺利实施，新成立了赫章县草地生态畜牧业发展中心。3、拟建地点：毕节地区赫章县兴发、威奢乡的雨磨山1.2 编制项目建议书的依据本建议书在大量收集国家有关法律法规和产业政策的基础上，结合赫章县实际和项目规划区基本情况，依据下列文件编制而成：1、中共中央中国农村（20012010）年扶贫纲要、关于加快社会主义新农村建设步伐的意见。2、国务院关于促进畜牧业持续健康发展的意见和关于加强草原保护与建设的若干意见。3、农业部关于加快中国南方草地恢复与建设的意见。4、中共贵州省委、贵州省人民政府贵州省国民经济和社会发展“十五”计划和2010年远景目标规划、毕节地委、行署关于加快毕节试验区建设的若干意见。5、中共毕节地委毕节地区畜牧水产“十一五”发展规划。6、中共赫章县委、赫章县人民政府赫章县重点产业布局（20062020年）和中共赫章县委、赫章县人民政府关于加快农业产业化发展的决定。1.3 主要技术经济指标项目实施3年，即2008年-2010年。改良、建设天然草地和退耕地种草10万亩，建立围栏草地1万亩；发展生态养羊户2500户，配套饲养基础羊5万只（其中母羊4.75万只，种公羊0.25万只），年出栏肉羊10万只，建设育肥基地6个、黑马羊分子育种基地1个。项目建成后，年创产值5000万元，每年还可新增养羊10万只，可带动2500户农户发展畜牧业，同时可有效防治水土流失，治理石漠化，达到生态治理与资源可持续利用的目的，具有良好的经济效益、生态效益和社会效益。第二章 项目区基本情况3.1 项目区地理位置赫章县位于贵州高原西北部，乌江北源六冲河和南源的三岔河上游，东邻毕节市、纳雍县，南靠水城县，西接威宁县，北接云南省镇雄县、彝良县。全县总面积3245平方公里。境内属黔西高原中山峡谷区，山高坡陡，峰峦重叠，沟壑纵横，河流深切，平均海拔1996米。属亚热带季风气候区，无霜期231天，年均温1013.6，年均降雨量785.51068毫米，日照时数1260.81548.3小时，适合牧草的生长和牲畜的繁衍。3.2 项目区农业资源条件项目实施地点位于赫章县东南面，距县城40公里，其东面是古达乡，南面是兴发乡、松林坡乡，西面是水塘乡，北面是威奢乡，总面积 765.32 平方公里，共涉及6个乡镇30个村9329户40090人（其中少数民族人口14800人，贫困户4570户17868人），退耕地面积12940亩。现存栏大牲畜8418头，羊34345只，猪14266头，禽59172只。2007年底人均纯收入1144元，其中畜牧业收入522.7元。现有草山草坡28.06万亩，属山地草甸类型。地处东经1040304510405930，北纬26023102700448，海拔在19002388米之间，年均气温13.3，年均日照数为1445.8小时，日照率41%。年降雨量850.9毫米，无霜期255天，相对湿度79%。雾雨较多，风向为东北，风力12级，风速2.1米/秒。草场气候属于暖温带湿润气候区，水热条件优越，可供牲畜采食牧草有27科129种（其中禾本科30种、豆科39种、菊科16种、莎草科7种、其它科37种）。草场连片分布在雨磨山山脉，远离村寨。土壤质地为壤土、沙土、粘土、砾石质。3.3 农业生产经营现状与分析赫章县畜禽品种资源十分丰富，地方优良品种有威宁黄牛、可乐猪、黑马羊、乌骨鸡等，其中黑马羊已进行了商标注册，可乐猪的商标注册正在办理中。2003年可乐猪和黑马羊双双获得了省地优质农产品称号。赫章县畜牧协会于2006年进行了黑马羊的产地认证。优质肉牛有西本杂、利本杂、黑本杂、安本杂等杂交肉牛品种。赫章县是一个汉、彝、苗、回、布依等多民族杂居的国家级贫困县。2007年末全县粮食总产量20.53万吨，人均粮食324公斤，人均收入1918元；全县贫困人口由2000年6.655万人下降到6.295万人，贫困面由11%降到9.5%，农村低收入人口由13万人下降到12.52万人。改革开放以来，赫章县畜牧业生产持续增长。2007年末，全县大牲畜、生猪、羊存栏分别为14.81万头（匹）、35.64万头、19.27万只，出栏牛、猪、羊分别为2.44万头、25.32万头、8.41万只，肉类总产量2.94万吨,畜牧业产值5.47亿元。人工种草3.22万亩。3.4 项目区社会经济现状与分析2007年3月，中共赫章县委、赫章县人民政府提出了关于加快农业产业化发展的决定，把畜牧业作为重点产业抓好抓实，极大地鼓舞了全县人民发展畜牧的信心；2007年6月，根据省委、省人民政府的要求，成立了赫章县草地生态畜牧业发展中心，主要负责草地生态畜牧业优质肉羊科技扶贫项目的实施。目前在兴发乡民族、鹰嘴、小海和威奢乡大寨、营盘等5个村建立生态养羊小区16个，投入资金1180万元，发展养羊户725户，新建羊舍725间16500平方米，建青贮窖池5500立方米。种草11750亩，配套牧草加工机械3台，建良种繁育中心1个4000平方米，育肥场1个5000平方米，配套养羊14500只。在生态肉羊项目的实施过程中，赫章县集中民智、大胆创新，每村配备一名副科级后备干部，提出了“就项目抓产业、变农民为牧民”等新思路，同时提出了畜牧业发展与新农村建设相结合、与林草开发相结合、与远程教育相结合、与“双培双带”工作相结合、与扶贫帮困相结合等工作方法，采取了“中心（公司）+村委会（合作社）+示范带（基地）+农民（牧民）”等运作模式，为高层次、大规模发展草地生态畜牧业积累了宝贵经验,为该项目的实施奠定了扎实的基础。第三章 市场分析3.1、产品市场供应现状目前，国际市场对牧草产品的需求主要集中在日本、南韩和东南亚地区。据国家农业中心介绍：日本每年需求量为600万吨，韩国300万吨，台湾地区30万吨，而且价格均在200250美元吨。而我国草粉生产的成本很低，约80100美元吨，市场竞争优势明显。国内优质牧草市场缺口为600800万吨。据有关部门预测，全国牛存栏数将达到1.57亿头，羊存栏数将达3亿只，年出栏数分别为0.412亿头和2.14亿只。同时，全国范围内广泛开展起来的特种养殖热潮，对优质高产牧草的需求量极为巨大。根据以上分析，优质草产品市场空间大，前景广阔。目前毕节地区发展草地生态畜牧业，优质草产品缺口大，天然草场压力大、退化严重，建设人工草场势在必行。羊肉因其胆固醇和脂肪含量低，具有温补和保健作用，越来越受到消费者的喜爱，尤其是快速育肥的羔羊肉，鲜嫩、美味，备受青睐。近几年，我国的羊肉消费量逐年提高，人均年消费量由1991年的1.4千克，增加到现在的1.9千克，但还没有达到世界平均2千克的水平；城市的人均消费量要高于农村；北京作为羊肉的主要消费城市，人均年消费量也只有3.84千克；这说明羊肉和肉羊市场还有较大的发展空间。3.2、价格现状与预测目前，贵州省收购鲜草价格高达0.2-0.3元/千克，毕节地区规模化养殖场周边收购鲜草价格在0.1-0.2元/千克，农作物干秸秆的收购价格0.08-0.15元/千克，加工成青贮料或微贮料，每千克价格上涨0.1元左右，草产品价格较好。随着畜牧业发展速度的加快，特别是养殖示范小区、规模养殖场的增多，草产品的销售前景和价格将更好。国内外粮食价格普遍大幅上涨，使以粮食为基础的饲养业如养猪业成本增加。同时，我省全面开展建设畜牧大省的工作，对饲草饲料的需求量增加。在此背景下，优质牧草产品的价格也必将上涨到合理的水平。肉羊，包括肉用绵羊和肉用山羊，属于草食动物，饲养成本较低，只要科学饲养，会有较好的养殖效益。肉羊与猪、鸡相比，繁殖率低，繁殖周期长，种群增长速度慢，这就意味着肉羊行情不会像猪、鸡那样大起大落。近几年的统计数字显示，肉羊和羊肉价格一直保持平稳上升态势。2007年111月份，全国羊肉平均价格是每千克27.32元，北京地区在每千克2632元之间。专家预测，2008年市场上的肉羊和羊肉仍将供不应求，价格将稳中有升。3.3、产品市场需求预测 首先从我区来看，毕节地区2007年牛羊存栏160.36万个牛单位，由于草地退化，面积减少,优质饲草的缺口较大。随着草地畜牧业的发展和规模化养殖水平的提高,每年按8%递增,相当于每年要新增57.15万亩亩产鲜草2000公斤的草地。项目新建人工草场10万亩，只能满足项目区的需求。国内每年草产品需求量也较大，特别是豆科牧草产品紧缺，所以新建草场所生产的优质牧草产品市场前景广阔。而且，人工草场在水土流失与石漠化治理方面有不可取代的重要地位。草地具有显著的生态效益，草地群落的盖度、密度、高度和生物量等方面优于其他植被，因此有良好的保护环境的能力。与同等条件的农田相比，人工草地的地表径流和土壤流失量分别为农田的45%和1%，有机质、有效氮、有效磷和有效钾增加了41%-630%。因此，草地在喀斯特地区防治石漠化方面有广阔的应用前景。另外，经济的发展和人民生活水平的不断提高，对羊肉的需求量逐年增加，对羊肉品质的要求也越来越高，需要养羊业有一个突破性的发展。通过项目的实施，可较大改善羊群群体品质差，提高繁殖率、出栏率低，单位产肉率，可加快养羊业程序化、集约化、工厂化进程。为社会提供优质无公害绿色肉食品，对发展农村经济，增加农民收入具有较好示范带头作用。第四章 项目建设总体方案4.1 项目建设方针一是坚持政府主导、社会参与的方针。通过政府协调各有关部门参与草地生态畜牧业的规划实施，改善生态环境和人居环境，提高项目质量。制定草地生态畜牧业发展的优惠政策和措施，引进外资加入草业开发行列。着力培育壮大龙头企业，进一步完善“中心（公司）+村委会（合作社）示范带（基地）+农民（牧民）”的发展模式，与养殖户形成利益共同体，增强辐射带动能力，推进草原产业化经营。二是坚持统筹规划、分类指导的方针。以退耕还林还草工程、天然草地改良为前提，以保护生态环境为重点，根据项目规划区天然草场不同地带植被草地生态特征，确定各个规划区域的草场改良重点，适当开展现有耕地种草、退耕地种草，扩大规划项目的生态保护作用，同时规划畜产品深加工和市场开发等配套项目，确保农民得到实惠。三是坚持因地制宜、突出重点方针。优先发展条件较好、带动力强的种草养羊项目。实施中结合交通、水电、沼气池、改圈、良繁体系、兽医防疫体系等配套设施建设，解决其它基本问题。四是坚持完善政策、创新机制、部门协调的方针。在共同实施项目的前提下，明确各相关部门的责、权、利，各负其责、各司其职、各计其功；在机制创新上，积极探索土地的合理流转方式，在草原承包上坚持以家庭承包为主，正确处理国家、集体和农牧民之间的利益关系，同时明确发包方和承包方各自的权利、责任和义务，做到权、责、利相统一。五是推进生产方式转变，实现可持续发展的方针。把草原生态建设与肉羊养殖、畜牧产品研发和深加工紧密结合起来；把畜牧产业化、新农村建设和促进农民增收致富联系起来；把开发、利用和保护统一起来，合理配置资源，提高草地综合生产能力，实现赫章草地畜牧业由粗放型向集约型的根本转变，促进区域经济全面、协调和可持续发展。4.2 项目建设基本目标实施天然草地改良和退耕地种草10万亩，其中建立围栏草地1万亩；发展生态养羊户2500户，配套饲养基础羊5万只（其中母羊4.75万只，种公羊0.25万只），年出栏肉羊10万只，建设育肥基地6个、黑马羊育种基地1个。4.3 项目建设内容与规模2008-2010年计划实施天然草地改良和退耕地种草10万亩，其中建立围栏草地1万亩；发展生态养羊户2500户，配套饲养基础羊5万只（其中母羊4.75万只，种公羊0.25万只），年出栏肉羊10万只，建设育肥基地6个、黑马羊育种基地1个。全县草地畜牧业实现肉羊产值0.5亿元，年农民纯收入1400万元，人均纯收入增加349.2元。预计改良草场年亩产鲜草量达 1500公斤以上（新增加900公斤）。同时，围绕草地生态畜牧业建设这一主体目标，加快农业基础建设步伐，建设通场公路60公里，建设人畜饮水灌溉2660立方米，输水管道长517千米，建设沼气池1180口，培训农民5000人次； 4.4 项目建设方案比选1、黑马羊育种基地建设：运用现代分子育种技术和手段，配合羊的超数排卵和胚胎移植（MOET）育种技术，再加上传统的选种选育，将分子育种技术、细胞育种技术和传统技术三者有机结合起来，在大海子建立黑马羊育种基地，对当地重要的种质资源贵州黑马羊进行提纯复壮，经过35个世代，培育出具有赫章地方特色的贵州黑马羊新品系，经审定后报请国家种质资源品种保存和利用中心进行立项保护。2、育肥场建设：按照因地制宜、合理布局的原则，由赫章县草地生态畜牧业发展中心牵头，在大小海子优质牧草示范带建设赫章县草地生态畜牧业中心育肥场;在涉及的每个乡镇分别选点建设育肥分场，进行羔羊和商品羊育肥。在饲养方法上，基本采用肉羊舍饲和半舍饲技术，利用肉羊育肥技术规程在羔羊断奶后，可由专业户育肥，也可由龙头公司收回利用公司的羊舍进行育肥。3、本项目的主要产品为：鲜草产品、青干草产品、草捆、草块、草颗粒、草粉、青贮料等以及饲喂山羊后获得的肉、皮、等畜产品。所有草产品大部分用于满足项目区内养羊业的需求，少部分外销。草地建成后特有的草地植被类型和草地景观可发展生态旅游业。第五章 项目选址5.1 选址原则按集中连片天然草地面积大，群众养殖基础好、积极性高，贫困程度深，扶贫意义大，效果好的原则进行选址。项目选择赫章县兴发乡鹰嘴村、小海村、民族村、中营村、新营村、丫都村、石板村、栽根村、场坝村、抹嘎村、中寨村，威奢乡大寨村、营盘村、中营村、大营村、小营村，古达乡观音村、新田村、和平村、发河村、中山村，松林坡乡小薯块村、榨落箐村、大梁子村，白果镇犀牛塘村、石板河村，水塘堡乡黄泥村、杉木箐村、永康村、草子坪村，共6个乡镇30个村。以威奢乡雨磨山为中心，以威奢乡中营村兴发乡丫都村为主线，抓好草地建设和草畜配套的同时，带动农业基础设施建设，改善农村基本生活条件，呈放射状逐渐向公路两边扩展。按照突出重点、分步实施、逐步推进、综合发展的原则，结合项目规划区实际，本项目分3年实施：1、2008年实施10个村，建设草地3万亩：兴发乡鹰嘴村、小海村、民族村、中营村、新营村、中寨村、丫都村;威奢乡营盘村、大寨村、中营村;2、2009年实施9个村，建设草地3万亩：实施兴发乡石板村、栽根村、场坝村、抹嘎村，松林乡小薯块村、榨落箐村、大梁子村，威奢乡大营村、小营村;3、2010年实施11个村，建设草地4万亩：古达乡观音村、新田村、和平村、发河村、中山村;白果镇犀牛塘村、石板河村;水塘堡乡黄泥村、杉木箐村、永康村、草子坪村。具体实施进度详见表2 10万亩草场及“黑马羊”生产基地建设进度表5.2 地址条件分析与评价1、地址条件分析与评价赫章县草地资源丰富，有可供开发利用的牧地总面积122.74万亩，其中草丛草地92.9万亩、灌木丛草地22.88万亩，蔬林草地4.35万亩，人工草地2.61万亩。成片大型草场15片，其中5万亩以上成片草山l片，1-5万亩成片草山4片，0.5至l万亩的成片草山11片。草场气候属于暖温带凉春干夏湿润气候区，夏无酷暑，冬无严寒，水热条件优越，可供牲畜采食牧草有27科129种（其中禾本科30种、豆科39种、菊科16种、莎草科7种、其它科37种）;常年产草量达150万吨，理论载畜量24万个牛单位。全县退耕还林（还草）14万亩，年绿肥种植面积40万亩，年产农作物秸秆20万吨。建议实施的项目区有天然草地40多万亩，且气候条件好，在该区域建设人工草地，具有牧草生长快，产草量高；生长期长，大部分地方可全年生长，全年牧草供给较平衡；营养元素全面；利用时间长。在合理利用条件下一次种植可多次和多年利用，可长期维持较高的生产力；茎叶茂盛，覆盖度大，可缓冲雨点的直接打击，减轻冲刷力量，防治水土流失等优点。2、其它条件分析（政策、资源、法律法规等）20世纪90年代，国家提出了西部大开发战略，加快了中西部地区经济发展，从政策、资金、技术、人才等方面给予了很大支持。实施草地生态畜牧业，贵州省把草地生态畜牧业作为建设生态畜牧大省的重要产业予以落实，是顺应时代潮流，增加贫困地区造血功能的一大举措，是实施西部大开发的迫切要求。中共毕节地委、行署出台了关于实施草地优质肉羊科技扶贫项目的意见，有关领导多次指出要在生态畜牧业上抓出精品、抓出亮点、抓出实效;中共赫章县委、赫章县人民政府出台了关于加快农业产业化发展的决定（把畜牧业发展作为全县重点抓好的四大农业产业之一）;在项目主体规划区，2007年全省草地生态畜牧业科技扶贫种草养羊项目已启动，初具规模，形成了一套“政府引导、公司运作、群众参与、合同管理、规模发展、服务完善、放母还犊、投一还一、滚动发展”的运作模式，为项目的实施提供了保障。3、环境影响评价项目建设主要在恢复和保护生态环境的前提下发展畜牧业经济，不但没有三废、噪声、粉尘污染，而且改善生态环境，产生明显的生态效益。改良和建植的草地延长土地植被覆盖时间，增加植被覆盖度，增强了抵御雨水冲刷的能力，从而减轻雨水对土地的冲刷，有效地控制水土流失，净化空气，对改善生态环境将发挥重要的作用。第六章 工程技术方案6.1 生产技术与设备1、技术方案（1）人工草场生产技术流程与分类利用原则1.1按坡度大小分类并采取不同方式进行建设和利用陡坡草地：对坡度大于40的天然草地，或者植被覆盖率低于50%的退化草地，采取点播藤蔓或饲用灌木实行季节性利用，3月1日至7月31日植物返青恢复期以及连续下雨土壤过于潮湿时进行封育，其余时间采取轻度放牧利用，利用率不超过40%。坡地草地：对坡度大于25小于40的天然草地可通过破皮、穴播等措施补播优良牧草进行改良；对于坡度大于25的退耕地可采用等高线耕作等保护性耕作措施建植豆科/禾本科牧草混播放牧草地。该类草地的利用方式，在3月1日至7月31日植物返青恢复期以及连续下雨土壤过于潮湿时用小型家畜进行轻度放牧利用，其余时间进行适度放牧利用。全年牧草利用率不超过60%。平缓草地：利用平缓天然草地和农户退耕还草地或轮作农田建植高产优质的放牧型、刈割型或刈牧兼用型草地，牧草利用率可达到70-80%。1.2按不同建植地块类型进行建设和利用 对现有天然草地进行连片改良，主要采用的技术有：采用家畜宿营法等免耕补播方法改良草地；在天然草地里点播豆科牧草；在天然草地里沿等高线条播多年生黑麦草+豆科牧草；全耕天然草地，播种