8月11日,非谓语动词.doc

Allow Allow sb. to do I can not allow you to be in love with any girl at this time.Allow doing we do not allow telling lies.Be allowed to do you are not allowed to go out so late at nightAllowed Smoking can not be allowed. Smoking is forbiddenForbid 禁止 A is to B what C is to DGreen leaf is to flower what water is to fish 绿叶之于鲜花犹如之于鱼1. agree to 后接 建议，计划，suggestion,advice,plan等 agree to do,绝对不用agree sb to do.2. agree with sb 或 agree with what sb said. sth doesnt agree with sb 某人不喜欢 或 不适应 3 agree on 一般接 point,price,date,address 等双方协定的内容。Believe in 相信某人的为人，信仰层面的Believe 相信某人所说的As接句子with 接短语 as for至于,关于As for you, I refuse to have any dealings with you. 至于你,我不想跟你打任何交道。 as to. 就.而论(至于,说到)We left for the station so early as to catch the first train. 我们很早就动身去车站以便赶上头班火车。asas AS +adj(原级)+AS AS +adv(原级)+AS as soon as 一就 as soon as possible 尽可能快地 as early as possible 尽可能早的 as carefully as you can 尽可能认真地 as careful as you can 尽可能认真的“随着” “因为，由于” As的用法小结 as可以作连词、介词及关系代词和副词。现将其用法小结如下: （一）、 as作连词的用法: 1.作“在-期间，当-的时候”引导时间状语从句.注意与when、 while的用法区别。 下列情形时,只用as, 而不用when或while。 1)用于表示同一个人的两种动作交替进行,指一边-一边. 如: The girl sings as she goes to school. He looked behind occasionally as he went forward in the forest. 2)表示两个同步发生的动作或行?意思是随着-的发展.如: As time went on / by, she became more and more beautiful . As children get older, they become more and more interested in everything. 4. 用于as- as或not / so/ as - as中,前一个as是副词,后一个as是连词,引导比较状语从句。如:They helped the old as much as possible. I dont speak English so/ as well as she does. 5. 表示虽然,尽管 等,引导让步状语从句,常用倒装语序,模式为: adj. /adv. / n.+as +主语+谓语+主句。如: Young as he is, he knows much. Tired as they were, they walked on. Proud as the nobles are (Although the nobles are proud), they are afraid to see meChild as he is (Although he is a child), he knows a lot.A bad-tempered man as he is (Although he is a bad-tempered man), he loves me deeply6. 表示也-一样。 She is a doctor, as was her husband. （二）、 as作关系代词,引导定语从句,表示正如,这一点.如: He is very careful, as we all know. As is well-known, Taiwan belongs to China. 另外,当先行词被the same, such等词修饰时,常用as来引导定语从句。如: Such a clever girl as she can learn anything quickly. I was reading the same book as he bought yesterday. （三）、as作介词的用法. 1.表示好像。如:He dressed as a policeman. 2. 表示作为当作。如：I found a job as a guide. 3. 当某人是某身份时。如：As a child , she was sent to abroad. . With接短语一、句法结构 【结构一】 with 名词（代词）介词短语 例 he sat there thinking, with his chin on his hand 他手托下巴，坐在那儿沉思。 【结构二】 with 名词（代词）形容词 例 he stared at his friend with his mouth wide open 他张大嘴巴凝视着他的朋友。 【结构三】with 名词（代词）副词 例 with production up by 60, the company has had another excellent year 产量上升了60, 公司又是一个好年景。 【结构四】 with 名词（代词）名词例 she used to sit reading in the evening with her pet dog her only companion 她从前总爱在晚上坐着看书，她的宠物狗便是她唯一的伙伴。 【结构五】with 名词（代词）现在分词 例 she stood there chatting with her friend, with her child playing beside her 她站在那儿跟朋友闲聊，孩子在旁边玩。 【结构六】with 名词（代词）过去分词 ;例“i think we can leave with our heads held high,” eriksson said “我认为我们可以高昂着头离开，”艾里克松说。 【结构七】with 名词（代词）不定式 例 With 10 minutes to go, youd better hurry 还有十分钟，你最好快一点。 With a lot of things to be done, I have no time to go to cinema 二、句法功能 【作状语】 with独立主格结构主要用作状语，可以表示伴随、方式、原因、时间等。 例 with Mary to help him, he is sure to succeed. 有玛丽的帮助，他一定能成功。 【作定语】 主要是用作后置定语。 例 the girl reached a river bank with so many flowers on both banks. 这个女孩来到了两岸开满鲜花的河边。 三、句法关系 【主表关系】 主表关系这种关系主要是由with独立主格结构中的名词和其后的形容词、副词以及介词短语构成。 例 mother looked at me with tears in her eyes. 妈妈眼含泪水看着我。 【主谓关系】这种关系主要是由with独立主格结构中的名词和其后的现在分词构成。 例 with night coming on, we started for home. 夜幕降临，我们动身回家。 例 the boy lay on the grass, with his eyes looking at the sky. 小男孩躺在草地上，两眼望着天空。 【动宾关系】这种关系主要是由with独立主格结构中的名词和其后的过去分词及动词不定式构成的，前者表示“被动、完成”，后者表示“未做、待做”。非谓语Climbing mountains is interestingTo see is to believe.What I would suggest is to start work at onceHis wish is to buy a luxurious car in the near futureHe was the last one to leave school yesterday昨天他是最后一个离开教室的。The train to arrive was from London将要到站的火车是从伦敦开来的。Get him something to eat给他拿点儿东西吃。She has a lot of work to do in the morning早上他有很多工作要做。I need a pen to write with我需要一支笔写字。A paper to write onThere is nothing to worry about没有什么值得发愁的。Yes, Id love toHe rushed into the burning house他冲进了正在燃烧着的房子。Falling leaf/ fallen leaf boiling water/ boiled water sleeping car developing country/developed countryThe child standing over there is my brother站在那儿的男孩子是我弟弟。The room facing south is our classroom朝南的房间是我们的教室。Have you got your watch repaired? 你拿到那个修好的表了吗?He is an advanced teacher他是个先进教师。Do you want to see the doctor to be sent for from Beijing?你要见那位将从北京请来的医生吗？Reading attentively，he forgot the time for lunch Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help.由于不知如何办是好，他去找父母帮忙。Not having known the truth, Tom was very puzzled.Not having been told the truth, Tom was very confused.Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.如果对这些树多关心一些，它们本来会长得更好。Faced with difficulties, we must try to overcome them.在遇到困难的时候，我们必须设法克服。They stood by the roadside talking about the plan他们站在路边谈论着这个计划。(伴随)They stood by the roadside to talk about the plan他们站在路边为的是谈论这个计划。(目的)When to start has not been decided何时动身尚未决定。(主语)I dont know what to do我不知道该怎么办。(宾语) I do not know how to do itThe difficulty was how to cross the river困难在于如何过河。(表语)I can tell you where to get this book.我可以告诉你到哪里可以得到这本书but(except)Last night I did nothing but watch TV昨天晚上，我除了看电视别的什么也没有干。The doctor told him nothing but to stop smoking医生除了让他戒烟，其它什么都没有说。There was nothing for them to do but to remain silentIt is + no use, no good (fun, a great pleasure, a waste of time, a bore.) 等名词，useless (nice, good，interesting, expensive等形容词+doing sth.It is no use crying.哭没有用。Its no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收It is good Playing chess after supper晚饭后弈棋挺好It is no good objecting.反对也没有用。It is a great fun playing football打篮球很有趣。It is a waste of time trying to explain设法解释是浪费时间。It is useless speaking.光说没用。It is nice seeing you again真高兴又遇到了你。It is expensive running this car开这种小车是浪费。非谓语动词练习题1._ more attention,the trees could have grown better. A.To give B.Having given C.Given D.Giving 2.The first textbooks _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A.to be written B.written C.being written D.having written 3.The missing boys were last seen _ near the river. A.to play B.play C.to be playing D.playing 4._ in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him. A.To lose B.Lost C.Having lost D.Losing 5.When passing me he pretended _ me. A.to see B.not having seen C.to have not seen D.not to have seen 6.The children insisted _ there on foot. A.they going B.they would go C.on their going D.going 7.He still remembers _ to Shanghai when he was very young. A.taking B.being taken C.taken D.having taken 8._ the railway station,we had a break,only _ the train had left. A.Arriving at;to find B.Coming to;discovering that C.On arriving at;finding out D.Hurrying to;to have found out 9.With the boy _ the way,we had no trouble _ the way _ to Zhongshan Park. A.leading;finding;leading B.to lead;found;to lead C.led;finding;led D.leading;found;led 10._ these pictures,I couldnt help thinking of those days when I was in Being and _ from the top of a thirty-storeyed building,Beijing looks more beautiful. A.Seeing;seen B.Seen;seeing C.Seeing;seeing D.Seen;seen 11.I can hardly imagine Peter _ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days. A.to have sailed B.to sail C.sailing D.sail 12.If you wave your book in front of your face,you can feel the air _ against your face. A.moved B.moving C.moves D.to move 13._ is known to all,China will be an _ and powerful country in 20 or 30 years time. A.That;advancing B.This;advanced C.As;advanced D.It;advancing 14.While shopping,people sometimes cant help _ into buying something they dont really need. A.persuade B.persuading C.being persuaded D.be persuaded 15.There was terrible noise _ the sudden burst of light. A.followed B.following C.to be followed D.being followed 16.Please excuse my _ in without _ . A.come;permitted B.coming;permitted C.comimg;being permitted D.to come;being permitted 17._ his head high,the manager walked into the room to attend the meeting _ then. A.Holding;being held B.Held;holding C.Having held;held D.Held;to be held 18.Did you hear her _ this pop song this time the other day? Yes,and I heard this song _ in English. A.sing;singing B.sung;sung C.sung;singing D.singing;sung 19.The question _ now at the meeting is not the question _ yesterday. A.discussed;discussed B.discussing;had discussed C.being discussed;discussed D.discussing;discussing 20.With the cooking _ ,I went on _ some sewing. A.done;to do B.being done;doing C.to be done;doing D.to have done;doing 21.It is no use _ your past mistakes. A. regretting B. regret C. to regret D. regretted 22.Her husband died in 1980 and had nothing _ to her,only _ her five children. A.left;to leave B.leaving;leaving C.leaving;left D.left;leaving 23.I am very busy.I have a very difficult problem _ . A.to work B.to work out C.to be worked out D.to work it out 24.I would appreciate _ back this affernoon. A.you to call B.you call C.your calling D.youre calling 25.Climbing mountains was _ ,so we all felt _ . A.tiring;tired B.tired;tiring C.tiring;tiring D.tired;tired 26.I saw some villagers _ on the bench at the end of the room. A.seating B.seat C.seated D.seated themselves 27.She was glad to see her child well _ care of. A.take B.to be taken C.taken D.taking 28.It is one of the important problems _ tomorrow. A.to solve B.to be solved C.solved D.solving 29._ maps properly,you need a special pen. A.Drawn B.Drawing C.To draw D.Be drawing 30.There is a river _ around our school. A.to run B.run C.running D.to be running 31.How about the two of us _ a walk down the garden? A.to take B.take C.taking D.to be taken 32.I was fortunate to pick up a wallet _ on the ground on the way back home, but unfortunately for me,I found my colour TV set. _ when I got home. A.lying;stolen B.laying;stealing C.lay;stolen D.lying;stealing 33.Whth the kindhearted boy _ me with my work,Im sure Ill be able to spare time _ with your work. A.to help;help you out B.helping;helping you C.helped;to help you out D.to help;to help you 34.Greatly movedd by her words, _ . A.tears came to his eyes B .he could hardly hold back his tears C. tears could hardly be held back D. his eyes were filled with tears. 35.I hope the children wont touch the dog. Ive warned them _ . A.not B.not to C.not touch D.not do 36.I would love _ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. A.to go B.to have gone C.going D.having gone 37.When _ why he walked in without permission,he just stared at us and said nothing. A.been asked B.asked C.asking D.to be asked 38.The man kept silent in the room unless _ . A.spoken to B.spoke to C.spoken D.to speak 39.He was often listened _ in the next room. A.sing B.sung C.to sing D.to to sing 40.Rather than _ on a crowded bus,he always prefers _ a bicycle. A.ride;ride B.riding;ride C.ride;to ride D.to ride;riding 41.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother told him _ . A.not to B.not to do C.not do it D.do not to 42.Whats troubling them is _ enough experienced workers. A.that they have to B.they have not C.their not having D.not their having 43._ his telephone number,she had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill. A.Not knowing B.Knowing not C.Not having known D.Having not know 44.Bamboo is used _ houses in some places . A.to build B.to building C.to be built D.being built 45.Go on _ the other exer cise after you have finished this one. A.to do B.doing C.with D.to be doing 46.The day we looked forward to _ . A.come B.coming C.has come D.have come 47.Whom would you rather _ the work? A.to have to do B.to have do C.have to do D.have do 48.Do you think it any good _ with him again? A.to talk B.talking C.to talking D.having talked 49.Sometimes new ideas have to be tested many times before _ . A.accepting fully B.being fully accepted C.fully accepting D.fully being accepted 50.The government forbids _ such bad books. A.published B.to publish C.publish D.publishing 强调句1. It _ Mike and Mary who helped the old man several days ago.A. was B. are C. were D. had been2. It was not until 1920 _ regular radio broadcasts began.A. which B. when C. that D. since3. She said she would go and she _ go.A. didnt B. did C. really D. would4. It was the training _ he had as a young man _ made him such a good engineer.A. what; that B. that; what C. that; which D. which; that5. Were all three people in the car injured in the accident? No, _ only the two passengers who got hurt.A. there were B. it were C. there was D. it was6. It was not until 1936_baseball became a regular part of Olympic Games.A. then B. which C. that D. when7. _in 1943_the harmful smog made its appearance in Los Angeles.A. Only thatB. It was thenC. That it was whenD. It was that8. It was on the National Day_ she met with her separated sister.A. that B. where C. when D. which9. _the 1500s_the first European explored the coast of California.A. It was untilthenB. It was not until whenC. It is untilthatD. It was not untilthat10. _in this room that our first meeting was held.A. Just when B. When C. Where D. It was11. It was last night _ I see the comet.A. the time B. when C. that D. which12. It was only with the help of the local guide _.A. was the mountain climber rescued B. that the mountain climber was rescuedC. when the mountain climber was rescuedD. then the mountain climber was rescued13. The Foreign Minister said, “_ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”A. This is B. There is C. That is D. It is14Was _ that I saw last night at the concert?A. it you B. not you C. you D. that yourself15It was _ he said _ disappointed me.A. what, that B. that, that C. what, what D. that, what16It was with great joy he received the news that his lost daughter had been found.Abecause Bwhich Csince Dthat17. It is _ any wonder that his friend doesnt like watching television much.A. no B. such C. nearly D. hardly18It was back home after the experiment.Anot until midnight did he go Buntil midnight that he didnt goCnot until midnight that he went Duntil midnight when he didnt go19Was it in 1969 _ the American astronaut succeeded _ landing on the moon?A. when, on B. that, on C. when, in D. that, in20. It is these poisonous products _ can cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles.A. who B. that C. how D. what21It is the ability to do the job _matters not where you come from or what you are.A. one B. that C. what D. it22. It was not until 1920 _ regular radio broadcasts began.A. while B. which C. that D. since23. _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A. There B. This C. That D. It24. It was only with the help of the local guide _.A. was the mountain climber rescued B. that the mountain climber was rescuedC. when the mountain climber was rescuedD. then the mountain climber was rescued25. Who was it _ put so many large stones on the road?A. this B. that C. he D. she26. What a silly mistake it is _ youve made!A. it B. this C. that D. which27. It was the boy _ had been in prison _ stole the money.A.