[中考]英语8B~U6.doc

牛津英语8B Unit Six 教案教学目标：能够用It is +adj. + that句型说明对某事的感受。 复习并巩固与慈善活动有关的词汇教学重难点：句型教学过程检查落实及知识回顾：1. 听写上节课布置的单词，词组。2.抽读上节课要求的课文3.检查上节课布置笔头作业4.对上节课知识点进行提问复习状语从句以及重点句型新知探索：Part One1. train for a charity walk 为一个慈善步行作训练2. support me 支持我3. Its meaningful to do sth. 做某事是有意义的。4. need some more food 需要更多的食物5. invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事6. a disabled person 一位残疾人7. an elderly person 一位年岁大的人8. a homeless person 一位无家可归的人9. deaf people 聋人10. help them cross the road help them go across the road帮助他们过马路11. one of Hong Kongs biggest fund-raising events 香港最大的基金募集活动之一12. be known as 被作为了解,被称作-13. raise money for helping poor people 筹钱帮助穷人14. people in other parts of Asia and Africa 亚非洲其它地区的人15. be held in November 在11月举行16. group themselves into a team of four people自行组成四人一队17. a tough hike 艰苦的远足18. finish walking a 100-kilometre trail within 48 hours 在48小时内走完10万米路19. walk for two days and nights without sleep 不睡觉走两天两夜20. walk through parks 走过公园21. walk over hills and mountains 翻山越岭22. an excellent chance 一个极好的机会23. team spirit 团队精神24. plan everything together 一起计划所有的事情25. help and support each other相互帮助和扶持26. the teams finishing time will be recorded 整个团队最终所用时间将被记录下来27. support teams 后援队28. carry everything with you带上所有的东西29. at least 至少30. keep sb comfortable让某人舒服31. support development projects 支持发展计划32. the walk itself 行走本身33. people in need需要帮助的人34. without sleep and rest 不眠不休35. with tired bodies带着疲惫的身体36. an experience you will never forget 一次终身难忘的经历37. take part in=join in 参加(活动)38. two more people= another two people 再多两人39. fitness and training 健康和训练40. take place 发生（不及物）=happen41. the aim of is to do某事的目的是42. provide sth for sb = provide sb with sth为某人提供某物43. go upstairs 上楼44. bring a first-aid box 带上一个急救箱45. look down on sb 看不起某人46. do voluntary work 做义工47. exercise to keep fit 通过锻炼保持健康48. take turns to do轮流干-Part Two1.Sure, its meaningful to support charities.“meaningful”为形容词，意为“意味深长的；很有意义的”。此外，还有“有意图的；有目的的”等意思。meaningful experiencemeaningful decision My father gave me a lot of meaningful advice before I left home.meaningful-meaning-mean （adj.n.-v.）Whats the meaning of the long word?=What does the long word mean?2.I need some more food during the walk.more adj. 意为“更多的；额外的”。Im still hungry-can I have some more porridge?one more=another one two more=another two3.I dont think youll ever finish your walk, Hobo.句中ever作副词，起强调作用，意为“绝（不）”；起强调作用时，还可以根据上下文理解为“究竟；到底”等。None of us will ever forget that exciting scene.ever作为副词，常意为“曾经”。This is one of the most beautiful beaches that Ive ever been to.4.The principle invites all the students to organize other charity events.(1)invent v. invent sb. to do sth.The school newspaper is inviting students to write about their favorite shopping malls in Beijing.(2)invite+ n./pron.+ adv./adv. phraseWhy didnt you invite me in?(3)invite + n./prep. + prep. phrase 常用prep.为to。Wed better invite her to our party.5.disabledadj. 身体有残疾的 a disabled soldier Deaf people and dumb(哑的) people are disabled.disabled除了指人，还可以指物，意为“报废的；不能使用的”a disabled car dis-disadvantagedislikedisappeardisagreeunable adj. 不能的；不会的be unable to do sth.6.What about homeless people?homeless意为“无家可归的”。Why does the church often provide food for the homeless-lesshopelesshelplessendlessuseless7.Oxfam Trailwalker has been one of Hong Kongs biggest fund-raising events since 1981.“One of +可数名词复数”为常见表达，意为“之一；中的一个”。The Internet has now become one of the most important parts of peoples life.One of my friends wants to see you.注意：“One of +可数名词复数”作主语时，其谓语通常为第三人称单属形式。8.People over eighteen can group themselves into a team of four and join this charity walk.(1)over有许多意思，句中over为介词，指数目、程度等“多于；超过；在以上”。Did the principle speak at the meeting over/ more than two hours?There are over/ more than three hundred places of interest in this area.(2)句中group作动词，意为“把分组”；此外，group还意为“分类；归类；聚集”。Why not group ourselves into three teams and play hide-and-seek?After class, the students grouped around their English teacher and asked questions.9.Oxfam Trailwalker is a tough hike because you have to finish walking a 100-kilometer trail within 48 hours.句中tough作形容词，意为“困难的；费力的；棘手的”。 a tough match a tough problem a tough journey The work is too tough for me to finish it on time.10.It is an excellent chance for people to learn team spirit?(1)句中chance作名词，意为“机会”。The teacher decides that he will give the little boy a good chance.Oughtnt we to give him a chance to try?(2)spirit为名词，意为“精神”，team spirit是习惯表达，意为“团队精神；合作精神”，Do you think team spirit very important?Even though Lei Feng is no longer living, his spirit lives on today.11. You need to walk together to finish the hike because only the teams finishing time will be recorded.(1)句中hike为名词，意为“长途徒步行走；远足”此外，hike还有“长途徒步旅行；行军”的意思。Luckily, well finish the hike in two hours.(2) record作动词，意为“记录；记载”；此外，它还有“录制”等意思。Do you often record what you read to improve your English reading? record还常作名词，但作名词时，单词重音应在第一个音节上。Is Millie showing Kitty her learning record?Congratulations! Youve broken the world record.12.It is necessary for you to support and help each other before and during the event.bothandSome of the Canadians speak both English and French.注意：bothand连接两个主语时，谓语一般用复数形式，其反义词组neithernor意为“两者都不”，谓语动词的数通常按就近原则确定。Neither he nor I am a middle school student.Neither Tom nor the twins are from Scotland. not onlybut also意为“不但而且”，谓语动词人数通常按就近原则确定。Not only he but also I am a middle school student.13.Warm and dry clothes are also necessary to keep you comfortable during the walk.(1)keep作动词有许多用法和意思。句中keep作动词，后面接的是复合宾语，其中you是宾语，形容词comfortable作宾语补足语，意为“使保持某种状态”。Why is it very important to keep our schoolyard clean and tidy?(2)复合宾语中作宾语补足语的除了形容词外，还可以是分词或介词短语。We must have fresh air to keep us in good health.Its no good to keep the windows closed all night long.14.Who can take part in Oxfam Trailwalker?句中take part in为动词习惯表达，意为“参加”，通常指“参加”某项活动并在其中积极作用。Will you take part in the coming competition?join in也表示参加，指“参加某项活动”时；通常可与take part in通用。join也有“参加”之意，但通常后接表示组织、机构或团体名称的名词，指“成为的一员”。Millie wants to take part /join in the fashion show.注意：join the army ,join the Party ,join us15.Whats the aim of Oxfam Trailwalker?句中aim作名词，意为“目标；目的”。Its aim is to raise money to help poor people in Hong Kong and other parts of Asia and Africa.aim还可作动词，意为“瞄准；对准；以为目标”。He aimed at the enemy solider with the gun and fired.16.It is wrong that some people look down on blind people. 句中look down on为习惯表达，意为“轻视；蔑视；看不起”，有时也可说成look down upon. Dont look down on/ upon him. Hes the best student in his grade. Dont look down on/ upon this kind of work.17.Amy knows that there are other ways to help people.way是名词，在句中的意思为“方法；手段”。以下是一些由way构成的短语： the way to 去的路 the way in 入口 the way out 出口，出路 on the way 在途中 in this/that way 用这种/那种方法 in one way or another 想方设法 all the way 自始至终 any way 无论如何 by the way 顺便说一下 give way 让步，屈服 in no way 决不 in the way 妨碍 make ones way 艰难地行走18.You want to ask him or her for some tips.句中tip为名词，意为“忠告；提示；技巧；窍门”。If you take my tips, Im sure you can make a lot of money.The gentleman who I used to meet in the street always gave me some tips on how to earn money.Let me search for some tips on how to learn English well on the Internet.Tip作为名词，还可意为“小费；小账”。I gave a tip to the man who carried my cases.19Theyll be useful, especially if you get lost.句中get为连系动词，lost是lose的过去分词，作表语；get lost为系表结构，意为“迷路了；走丢了”。 连系动词get除了后接动词的过去分词，还常后接形容词或名词作表语。 The little boy got lost in the snowstorm. =The little boy lost his way in the snowstorm. Hundreds of people got trapped in the burning building. Is the boy getting a heavy burden to the whole family?20.If you finish the walk within two hours, you will receive a certificate. 句中certificate为名词，意为“证书；证明书；文凭”。 a leaving certificate毕业/肄业/离职证书 teachers certificate 教师资格证 When you are born, youll get a birth certificate.Part Four状语从句在复合句中一个完整地句子作状语叫状语从句： He didnt go to school yesterday because he was ill.（修饰动词go） 昨天他没去上学，因为他病了。 We must study so well as our teacher hoped.（修饰副词well） 我们应该学得你我们老师希望的那么好。 Lucy is younger than Jim(is)。（修饰形容词younger） 露茜比吉姆年轻。 状语从句的语序应是主语+谓语+其他成分，即陈述句的语序。 状语从句的位置，可以放在主句前面或后面，但是若放在主句前面，要用逗号与主句分开；主句若是疑问句，那么时间状语从句只能放在主句的前面。 状语从句的用法状语从句根据它表达的意思不同可分为时间状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句、比较状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句和让步状语从句。状语从句如果放在主句前通常用逗号分开。1）时间状语从句 时间状语从句由when, while, after, before, since, as soon as, till, until等连词引导。 例如： I went to bed after the TV play was ever. 电视剧完了以后我上床睡觉。 Could you look after her while were away? 我们不在时你能照顾她吗？ She has taught in this school since she came to this city in 1989. 自从一九八九年她来到这座城市以来一直在这所学校教书。 Wait until I come back. 请你等到我回来。 注意： 如主句是一般将来时，则表示将来的时间状语只用一般现在时。 例如： Ill write to you as soon as I get to Beijing. 我一到北京就将写信给你。 It will get warmer and warmer when spring comes. 春天来临时，天气将变得越来越暖和。 2）原因状语从句 原因状语从句由because, as, since等连词引导。 例如： He sold the car because it was too small. 他卖掉那辆小汽车，因为它太小了。 Since you wont help me, I must do the job myself. 你既然不帮我忙，我必须自己做这项工作。 As my mother is away at this moment, I have to look after my younger sister. 由于我的妈妈现在不在，我不得不照顾我的妹妹。 注意： a）because, as, since, for的用法辨析 because, as, since, for都是表示各种理由的连词，但because多表示所叙述的理由是本句的重点，故because所引导的从句常放在句末。why提问时须用because回答 例如： Why was he absent? Because he was badly ill. 他为什么缺度？因为他病得很重。 as, since用于表示理由是已知，而理由以外才是叙述的重点，两者皆多用于句首，但要注意since重形式，as多表示理由以外的才是重点。 例如： As it is raining, lets stay as home. 因为下雨，我们就留在家里吧。 Since you have no license, you are not allowed to drive. 因为你没有驾驶执照，所以你不可以开车。 for不用于句首，而用于主句之后，补充说明理由；主句表推测时，用for说明原因。 例如： Ill follow his advice, for he is a doctor. 我会听从他的劝告，因为他是医生。 b）because of也是表示原因状语，但后面只能跟短语。例如： I stayed at home because of the bad weather. 因为天气不好我留在家里。 3）比较状语从句 比较状语从句由than或as来引导。例如： I feel better now than (I was) before. 我现在觉得比以前好了。 He writes as well as you (do). 他写得和你一样好。 This problem is more difficult than that one (is). 这道题比那道题难。 4）条件状语从句 条件状语从句由if, unless（= if not）算连词引导。条件从句中的动词多用一般现在时表示将来。 例如： I shall go if he asks me. 如果他请我，我就去。 I shant go unless he asks me. 除非他请我，否则我是不去的。 I shall go, whether he asks me or not. 不管他请不请我，我都要去。 Come with me if you have time. 如果你有时间请跟我来。 I want to watch a basketball match if Im well tonight. 如果今晚我好了的话，我要看一场篮球赛。 由and连接的简单句，可以用条件状语从句来改写。 例如： Run faster and youll catch up with him. 跑快点儿你就会赶上他。 =If you run faster, youll catch up with him. 如果你跑得快点，你就会赶上他。Hurry up,or youll be late.=If you dont hurry up ,youll be late.5）结果状语从句 结果状语从句由so that, so that引导。 例如： He has lost his bike so that he cant come to school on time.（结果状语） 他去了自行车，所以不能准时到校。 Your shirt were so dirty that you must wash it.（结果状语） 你的衬衣这么脏，你应该把它洗洗。 注意： 由sothat引导的状语从句若是表示否定意思，可以用tooto（太而不能）来替换。 例如： She was so angry that she could not say a word. =She was too angry to say a word. 她气得说不出话来。 6）让步状语从句 让步状语从句一般用though（虽然）、although（虽然）、even though（即使）引导。例如： Though/Although he tried hard, he was not successful. 他虽然努力尝试，但没有成功。 He went on working though it was very late. 虽然很晚了，他还在继续工作。 注意： 1汉语中的“虽然但是”在英语中用连词though就可以了，或单独使用but连接两个并列句也可以，但不能在一个句子中同时用这两个连词（主句前不用连词）。 例如：“虽然我很喜欢照顾我姐姐的婴儿，但她不让我干”。这个句子我们可以用下面两种方法来表达。 Though I like looking after my sisters baby, she doesnt let me do it. I like looking after my sisters baby, but my sister doesnt let me do it. =though可以与yet连用，这里yet虽然意思与but相同，但yet不是连词，而是副词。 例如：Though it was cold, yet he went out without a coat. 虽然很冷，但他没穿外衣就出去了。 Part Five 练习一、单项选择( )1.-_are you training hard for? -A charity walk. A.Why B.What C.Who D.Where( )2.Eddie thinks_meaningful to give charities a lot of support. A.it B.its C.thats D.them( )3.-I dont think Simon will finish his walk. -_do I. A.Either B.So C.Neither D.Never( )4.-What can be done to help people with eye problems? -They can be _.Aoperated on B.do operations C.performed operations D.cure or treat for free( )5.-Go and help the _and _woman cross the street,will you? -With pleasure. A.elderly ,blind B.disabled,the elder C.blind,the deaf D.disabled,an old( )6.Oxfam Trailwalker was known_the world_Trailwalker before. A.by,as B.in,for C.to,as D.in,like( )7.People_less than 18 years old cant join Oxfam Trailwalker. A.are B.who are C.who is D.whose( )8._the excellent chance,for its necessary for you to train yourself. A.Dont miss B.Catch C.Take D.A,B and C( )9.Its said that trailwalkers need _before the charity walk. A.a lot of exercises B.exercise a lot C.practising a lot D.to be trained( )10.What are necessary_trailwalkers_in training themselves and helping others? A.of, to succeed B. for, successful C. that, success D. for, to succeed( )11.Lets plan_carry while were having the walk? A.what are we going to B.if we will C.what to D.if what are we going to ( )12.-What did you think of the play yesterday? -The story is boring,_,the actors themselves are very good. A. besides this B.but C.of course D.as well as( )13.That will be an experience you will never forget,_? A.wont that B.will you C.wont you D.wont it( )14.-Lets try our best to help people in need. -_ A.Why not? B.Wed like C.Why didnt you do it before? D.Youd better do ( )15.When does Oxfom Trailwalker_every year? It_in November every year since 1981.A.take place, is held B.hold, has taken place C. take place, has been held D.held, has been taken place( )16.-Whats Lily asking Ben_over the phone? -Mikes e-mail address A.for B.to do C.about D.A and C( )17.Its a shame that some people_ people around them. A.dont look for B.not to help and support C. laugh at D.to look down on( )18.-Tell your classmates to _the Tree-planting club with us . -No problem. A.join B.take part in C.work D.attend( )19.You are free enough to leave the company if you _very well . A.are paid B.dont get paid C.dont be treated D.arent pleased( )20.Send your donations, and they can provide poor children_food,clothes and a chance_. A. ,to study B.for,to return to school C.with ,to go to school D.of, to study二、完型填空A Yesterday,I read a report about a charity show in a newspaper.They held the show to _1_money for the poor children. In the country areas,some children drop out of school_2_their parents cant pay for their education. To my surprise,many famous performers took part in the charity show.The stars didnt ask for any pay.They did it for _3_!There were a lot of performances _4_singing and dancing .The _5_were so excited that they clapped their hands from time to time.Of course ,the show was _6_.All the people followed the stars example.A great number of people showed their generosity(慷慨)by_7_their money to the show.Now many charity shows are held in our country,not only to _8_education in poor areas but also to help people in trouble.As the Chinese saying goes,”All the others will come to ones rescue（援助）_9_one is in trouble.”I_10_the whole world will become better if everyone of us gives charity to others.( )1. A.pay B.raise C.spend D.cost( )2. A.and B.so C.because D.or( )3. A.good B.ever C.long D.free( )4. A.like B.as C.of D.for( )5. A.student B.parents C.teachers D.audience( )6. A.success B.successes C.a success D.succeed( )7. A.donating B.bringing C.collecting D.taking( )8. A.teach B.think C.give D.support( )9. A.as B.why C.while D.because( )10. A.like B.wish C.believe D.want B My best friend is Jack .We have been best friends for 10 years.We were both born in 1991.He is as _1_as I am .His house is _2_to mine .We usually go to school together.We always _3_our bikes to school.We both study at a school_4_Beijing Sunshine Town.Jack is very handsome.He is tall and strong .His smiling eyes make him _5_smart .He is very _6_,too.He likes to help others when they are in need .He also has a good sense of humor.He always _7_funny stories.I never feel_8_or unhappy when he is with me .Jack is a true friend .When something worries me ,I always go to him.I can tell him anything,because he can keep_9_.We like to chat with each other,because we always have the same idea.We often chat on the way to school,_10_the telephone or on the Internet.We also have the same _11_.We both like _12_best,because we both like travelling. Last summer holiday,we_13_on a trip to Mount Tai. We spent little time there,_14_we had lots of fun there.We both hope to travel around the world one day.Our_15_must come true.( )1. A. new B. age C. old D. older( )2. A. close B. closed C. far D. near( )3. A. take B.ride C. catch D. go( )4.