人教版高中必修五unitfour.doc

Unit 4 Making the news （book 5）教学目标1. 掌握本单元重要词汇2. 掌握本单元语法-倒装教学内容一重点词汇以及句子1. occupation n. (job, profession) Please state your name, age and occupation.occupy v. Reading occupies (takes up) most of my free time. 阅读占去了我空闲时间的大部分。 The bathroom is occupied. 浴室有人在用。occupy oneself( in doing sth/with sth) =keep oneself busy (doing sth/with sth) 忙着(做某事);忙(于某事物) =be occupied (in doing sth/with sth.) Hes occupied in looking after/ with three small children.by occupation: He is a bus driver by occupation.他的职业是公车司机profession-professional-professor by profession 就职业来说 I dont know what profession would suit me. He is a lawyer by profession.For professional footballers, injures are an occupational hazard.2. Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of a popular local newspaper. 这里是倒装(Inversion), 此句的正常句序是: Zhou Yang will never forget his first assignment at the office of . 注意: 当一些否定词,如: never, little, hardly, scarcely, seldom, not, not only, no sooner（than 刚就） 放在句首时,句子部分倒装, 即句序为:否定词助动词主语谓语 Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else can you find（你能找到）such a beautiful place. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in my life had I felt（我感到）so happy. Only+状语放在句首，部分倒装 Only in a big city was it possible to buy a new wheelchair. Only by seizing every minute can we finish it on time.Only then did we realize that the man was blind. Only when his dream comes true does she feel relieved. Only Mike has got the invitation. Only 修饰其他成分，主语不引起倒装 3. His discussion with his new boss, Hu Xin, was to strongly influence his life as a journalist. be to +动词原形,这里表示将来的时态,有注定的意味。 His continuous effort is to make him a successful man.（注定） You are to be back before 10pm.(必须） The letter is to be handed to him in person. (必须） When are you to leave for home?（按计划或安排要做） She is to be married next month.（按计划或安排要做） You are to report to the police.(应该） You are not to smoke in this room.=You are not supposed to smoke in this room. （应该） If we are to be there before ten, well have to go now.（想，打算）Such books are to be found in the library. （可能性） If it were to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off. (用于“ifwere to do” ，表示虚拟语气) was/ were to have done, 表示 “本打算”“本计划”或“本应当” 做的事而没有做成或没 、 有发生。 We were to have told you, but you were not in. 短语 have a bad, good, beneficial, harmful, influence with / on 对.有影响 under the influence of 在影响下4. delighted adj. be delighted to do delight n.&v. 愉快，乐趣，快乐 to ones delight 令感到愉快的是 take delight in sth /doing sth 乐于, 爱好 delight sb. with sth. 用某物使某人高兴 delight in 喜欢, 嗜好 The kids rushed down to the beach with/ in delight. 高兴地 To my secret delight, Sarah announced that she was leaving. 令某人暗自高兴 Tom takes great delight in making fun of his sister.= delights in 喜欢 以为乐趣4. Can I go out on a story immediately?On 加名词与come,go 等动词连用，可表示目的，表示去做某事They have decided to go on a visit to Beidaihe this summer.5. Wait till you are more experienced. 等你积累一些经验了才行. experienced adj. 有经验的,熟练的,有见识经验丰富的 常与介词 in 或 at 连用 An experienced doctorHe is experienced in/at bargaining.experienceCN 经历,经历的事情That was an unpleasant experience.UN 经验,体验He hadnt enough experience for the job.v. 经历,体验 Our country has experienced great changes.6.Later you can cover a story and submit the article yourself.Cover在句子中为报道的意思，同时cover有很多其他意思。 1). She was sent to cover the event. 报道，采访 2). The road was covered with snow. 覆盖 3). She laughed to cover her worry. 遮盖 4). The red army covered about 30 miles a day. 走完多少里路 5). Is the money enough to cover the cost of a new shirt?（钱）够支付6). His lecture covered the subject thoroughly. v. 包括, 涉及Submit在本句子中是递交，呈送的意思He submitted an essay to his tutor.Submit还可以表示“屈服，顺从”They refused to submit to the pressure.7.eager - eagerly adv. 渴望地， 热切地be eager for /about sth. 渴望，很想Students are eager for new knowledge. 学生们渴望知识be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事She is eager to visit her boss. 她急于去看她的老板 eagerness n. 热切,渴望 8.assist vt./vi.援助，帮助； assistance n. assistant n. assist (sb) to do sth =assist (sb) in doing =assist sb with sth. = help sb with sth 帮某人做某事 e.g These measures were designed to assist people with disabilities. You will be required to assist him in preparing a report. This program assists young people to find work.9.concentrate v. 集中，聚集concentration n. 集中，集合 concentrate on/upon sth 专心致志做某事 She couldnt concentrate on a book very long.她不能长时间专心读一本书。 同义短语：fix / focus / center ones attention on=put ones heart into=be absorbed in=be buried in=be devoted to10. Not only am I interested in photography, but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills.Not onlybut also 引导的并列句, 如 not only 位于句首, not only 所在句倒装。 Not only will I go, but also I will take my parents there. 不仅我自己会去， 我还会带我的父母去 11.acquire(通过不断的学习，询问慢慢获得学问，技术。 ） 1).取得,获得 The museum has just acquired a famous painting by Pablo Picasso. Gradually we acquired experience in how to do the work. 2). 学到,掌握 She has mastered English grammar and acquired a large vocabulary without the help of a teacher. 辨析： get 为获得的最普通用语 obtain 表示经过很长时间或经过很大的努力而获得期望已久得东西。 gain 表付出更大的努力才能获得，译为赢得。12. have a nose for 对很敏感;很善于发现 此类形象表达法还有： She has an ear for music. 对有欣赏能力 She has an eye for color and style in clothes. 对有眼光 Dont poke your nose into other peoples business. 管闲事，插手与己无关的事George turned his nose up at classical music. 对不屑一顾，看不起 Tell us what happened. We are all ears. 正在听着，洗耳恭听 He turned a deaf ear to what I said. 对听不进去 Dont tell him anything. He has a big mouth. 嘴不严 13.inform vt. 告知，通知 inform sb (of /about sth) =tell sb inform sb that :1)Did you inform them of the progress of the work?你把工作进程告诉他们了吗？ 2)Well keep you informed (of /about what happens). 我们将随时向你报告情况。 14.meanwhile adv = meantime = in the meantime /meanwhile= at the same time 同时 My mother went shopping. Meanwhile, I cleaned the house. 妈妈去购物，与此同时，我打扫房间。 15.depend on/upon +wh-从句 视.而定, 取决于 depend on/ upon+ n 依靠,依赖, 确(坚)信 depend on/upon+sb.+to do 指望某人做 depend on/upon +it +that. 指望. That (all) depends./ it all depends. (口语)视情况而定，单独使用或置于句首。 汉译英： 1、You cant depend on your parents forever. 你不能永远依赖你的父母。 2、You cant depend on him to come on time. 你不能指望他能按时来。 3、You may depend on it that he will come. 你可相信他会来。 4、I may help you. But that/ it depends. 我能帮你，但那要看情况而定。 5、 Whether you can pass the exam depends on how hard you work. 你能否通过考试取决于你有 多努力。 16.case n. 事(实)例,情形；情(状)况;案件，诉讼 eg: This is a common case where the word can be used.这是这个单词运用的常用例子。 The case he was looking into two years ago was settled at last.两年前他调查的案件终于结案 了。 in case 假使；免得，以防,以防万一(引导状语从句，从句谓语用一般现在时，不用将来 时态) in case of . 假使,如果发生 in any case 无论如何，不管怎样 in no case 无论如何不,在任何情况下决不(置于句首时，句子采用倒装语序) in the case of . 就. .来说，至于 in this/that case 既然这/那样，假使这/那样 eg:1)I will stay at home all day long in case he calls me.我将一整天呆在 家里，以防他给我打电话。2)In case of fire, ring the alarm bell.如遇火警，就按警铃。 3)In no case will I give in to difficulty.我绝不会向困难低头 4)You have finished, havent you? In that case, you may go. 17.accuse vt. 指责，谴责；控告 accuse sb. of sth.指控某人做某事= charge sb. with sth.指责某人做某事 :1)The police accused him of theft.警察控告他偷窃。 2)He was accused of murder. 他被控谋杀。 归纳总结： remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事/使某人想起某事 warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事 suspect sb.of sth. 怀疑某人某事 inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事 cure sb. of sth. 治好某人 rob sb. of sth.抢了某人 18.Have you ever had a case where somebody accused your reporters of getting the wrong end of the stick？ get the wrong end of the stick 完全误解，弄错 He got (held of) the wrong end of the stick 他完全搞错了。 20.so as to do sth. “为了” 不能用在句首 = in order to do sth. 可放句子中任何位置 =so that +从句 = in order that +从句 句型转换: I got up at five so as to catch the train= I got up at five in order to catch the train. =I got up at five so that I could catch the train. 我买了些牛肉和蔬菜，为的是给晚饭做个汤 I bought some beef and vegetables so as to make a soup for dinner. I bought some beef and vegetables in order to make a soup for dinner I bought some beef and vegetables so that I could make a soup for dinner I bought some beef and vegetables in order that I could make a soup for dinner 20.deny vt. 1. 否定,否认+v-ing+(that) There is no denying that.事实不可否认. I do not deny that is a serious blow.我不否认那是严重的一击。2.deny doing=deny having done He denied having seen these watches before.他否认曾经见过这些手表。 He didnt deny the facts.他不否认事实。 3. 拒绝给予;拒绝.的要求 Women were denied the right tovote then.那时妇女被拒给选举权。 21.sceptical be sceptical of about his ability22. demand 1.用作名词，有以下两个用法： 表示“要求” ： They rejected the union demand. 他们拒绝了工会的要求。 Arent those all reasonable demands? 这些难道不都是合理要求吗?表示“需求” ： The supply of apples exceeds the demand this year. 今年的苹果供大于求。 There is a great demand for typists. 需要大量的打字员。 These goods are in good demand. 这些货物销量很大。 There is a great demand for these goods. 对这些货物的需求量很大。 She is in great demand as a singer.作为歌后很受欢迎。 meet/satisfy the demand 满足需求 3. 用作动词，意为“要求”“需求” ，通常为及物动词，其宾语可以是名词、不定式、that 从 句(从句谓语通常为虚拟的)。 如：名词(或代词)：The workers also demanded higher wages. 工人们还要求提高工资。 不定式：She demanded to see the editors. 她要求见编辑。 He demanded to be told everything.他要求把一切都告诉他。 从句：I demand that John (should) go there at once. 我要求约翰立即到那里去。 They demanded that the right to vote be given to every adult man. 他们要求每个成年人都应有 选举权。 比较同义句： He demanaded an immediate answer.He demanded to get an immediate answer. 他要求马上得 到答复。 He demanded to be told everything.He demanded that he (should) be told everything. 他要求 把一切都告诉他。 【注】demand 可后接不定式，但通常不接不定式的复合结构，若意义上需要这类结构，可 换成 that 从句或在 demand 后接 of。如：他要求她同我们一起去。 误：He demanded her to go with us. 正：He demanded that she (should) go with us. 正：He demanded of her to go with us.4. 表示“向某人要求某物” 可用 demand sth of from sb。如： He demanded an apology from the boss. 他要求老板道歉 23.thorough adj. 彻底的,详尽的,完全的,周密的,(人) 十分仔细的 :1) a thorough knowledge of the subject 对这一学科透彻的了解 2) The film was a thorough success.这部电影获得极大的成功 3) You must promise me to take a thorough rest. 你得答应让我好好休息一下。 4)She is not brilliant, but she is thorough. 她并非才华横溢，但很细心。 thoroughly adv.极其完全，彻底 thoroughness n. 深入，彻底 24.ahead of . (时间，空间)在.前面；早于；领先 1)Three boys were ahead of us.有三个小伙子在我们前面。 2)I finished the work several days ahead of the deadline.我在最后期限的前几天完成了工作 3)She was always well ahead of the rest of the class.她总是遥遥领先班上的同学。25.senior adj. 年长的，高年级的；高级的 eg:1)Many of them are published for senior high school students.许多报纸是为高中生出版的。 2)Senior people can visit the place free of charge.年纪大的人可以免费浏览这个地方。3)Only one manager is senior to me now.只有一个经理比我职位高。 4)Jill will be a senior this year. 吉尔今年毕业26. set to work set to (doing) sth. = get down to (doing) sth.set out to do sth. / set about doing sthpay attention to ( to 是介词) look forward to devoteto be/get used to. lead to stick to object to contribute to 中to为介词，后加doing.27.accurate inaccurate adj. accuracy n. 1)That was the accurate report on the affair. 2)Is your watch accurate ? 3)He is accurate in his judgement / at figures. 28.Polish v. / n. 1)You had better ask your teacher to polish your speech / article.2)You neednt polish the furniture every day. 3)The furniture polishes well with a cloth. 4)This is a table with a good polish 29.approve vt. 赞成；认可；批准; 通过 eg:1)She doesnt want to take her new boyfriend home in case her parents dont approve (of him). 她不愿把新男朋友带回家，怕父母不同意。 2)I approve of your trying to earn some money, but please dont neglect your studies. 我同意你去挣些钱，可是请不要耽误了功课。 3)The course is approved by the Department for Education. 课程已获得教育部批准。 approval n.U赞成，同意，批准，许可 approving adj. 赞成的，同意的 30.Chief n./ adj. 1)He is the chief of our team. 2)The president is also a chief of the armed forces. 3)He is the chief engineer of the project. 4)The chief reason for going to school is to learn.31. process vt./n. 加工，处理，审阅；过程，程序，步骤 eg:1)Please process the film.请把胶卷冲洗一下。 2)It may take a few weeks for your application to be processed. 审阅你的申请书也许要花几个星期的时间。 3)Building a car is a long process.制造一辆小汽车是一个很长的工序。 4)Changes are in process. 变化正在发生。 5)The house is in (the) process of repair. 房子正在修理中。Process n. / adj. / v. 1)They are using a new process to make glass. 2)Teaching Alex how to ski is a painful process. 3)The main street of Liusha is in the process of repair. =The main street of Liusha is in the course of repair. 4)Process foods are available in that store. 5)How fast does the computer process the data ? 6)The soldiers are now processing in the street. be processed into 7)All the information was processed into film negatives. 二单元语法本单元的语法主要是倒装句的出现。语法精解1. 倒装 Inversions 英语句子的自然顺序是主语在前,谓语在后把谓语动词放在主语之前就叫倒装结构。如果全部谓语放在主语之前是全部倒装; 如果只把助动词或be提前,是部分倒装。基本语序 natural ordersubject 主+ predicate 谓+object 宾 I love English.完全倒装 full inversionpredicate + subjectHere came the headmaster.部分倒装 partial inversion助动词auxiliary/情态动词+ subject + v + Nerve will I forgive you.全部倒装1. 用于 there be 句型。There are many students in the classroom. 主语位于谓语 are there之后，原句自然顺序是： Many students are there in the classroom.2. 用于“here (there, now, then) + 不及物动词+主语的句型中, 或以out, in, up, down, away 等副词开头的句子里 面,表示强调。Here comes the bus. There goes the bell. Now comes our turn. Out went the children.注意： 代词作主语时, 主谓语序不变。Here it is. In he comes.3. 当句首状语是表示地点的介词词组时，也常引起全部倒装。South of the city lies a big steel factory. From the valley came a frightening sound. Under the tree stands a little boy.4. 表语置于句首时， 倒装结构采用 “表语连系动词主语”的结构1) 形容词连系动词主语Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests.2) 过去分词连系动词主语Gone are the days when they could do what they liked. 3) 介词连系动词主语Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys.5. 为了保持句子结构平衡,或为了强调表语或状语,或为了使上下文结构紧凑They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy.强调状语Inside the pyramids are the burial rooms for the kings and queens and long passages to these rooms.保持句子结构平衡部分倒装1. 用于疑问句 Do you speak English? 2. 用于省略的虚拟条件句if Had you reviewed your lessons, you might have passed the examination. 由 If you had reviewed your lessons 这样一个虚拟条件分句变过来的。3. 用于“形容词 或名词、动词 as (though)” 引导的让步状语从句。Pretty as she is, she is not clever.Try as he would, he might fail again. Money as they had, they dont know how to spend it.4. 用于 sooner than, hardly when 和 not until的句型中。No sooner had she gone out than the class began. Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework.5. 用于 never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, little, at no time, not only, barely, rarely, little, not a bit 等否定词开头的句子里。Never shall I do this again.At no time can you say “no” to the order. Little do I dream I would see you here.6. 用于only开头的句子 (only位于句首修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句) Only in this way can you learn English well. Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in.7. 用于 so, nor, neither 开头的句子表示重复的内容。此句谓语应与前句谓语的时态形式一致。He has been to Beijing. So have I. Jack can not answer the question. Neither can I. He has been to Beijing. So have I. 8. 在 so / such that 的结构中,若so 置于句首,则句子部分倒装So difficult a problem is it that I cant work it out. Such a noble person is he that people all respect him.9. 如果直接引语后注明引语是什么人所说的, 主语是名词时, 用倒装结构。主 语是代词时, 一般不用倒装结构。“ Let go,” said the man / he said. 10. 用于 某些祝愿的句子。May you succeed.配套练习 . 单选1. -Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother? -I dont know, _. A. nor dont I care B. nor do I care C. I dont care neither D. I dont care also2. Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was. A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized C. the villagers did realized D. didnt the villagers realized3. Only in this way _ do it well. A. must we C. can we B. we could D. we can 4. Hardly _ when it began to rain. A. had he arrived B. arrived he C. he had arrived D. did he arrive5. Only when class began _ that he had left his book at home. A. will realize B. he did realize C. did he realize D. should he realize 6. Not a single mistake _ in the dictation yesterday.A. did he make C. he made B. made by him D. he had made7. No sooner _ his talk than he _ by the workers. A. he finished; surrounded all B. did he finish; did surround C. had he finished; was surrounded D. after he finished; was surrounded8. Not only _ a promise, but also kept it. A. had he made C. did he make B. he had made D. he makes9. I finally got the job. Never in all life_ so happy. A. did I feel B. I felt C. I had felt D. had I felt10. In no country _ Britain, it has been said, _ experience four seasons in the course of a single day. A. other than; one can B. other than; can one C. rather than; one can D. rather than; can oneBACAC ACCDB三单元练习.单项填空（词汇与语法）1I dont_of your sending your daughter to Britain to study，because she is too young. Aagree Bapprove Csupport Dassess 2Are you_me of lying to the headmaster? Im sure you did. Aaccusing Bscolding Creminding Dtelling 3_read newspapers for pleasure，but also to improve their minds. ANot only old men BNot only old men do CNot only do old men DOld men not only do 4I think Tom，_you，is to blame for the broken window. Aother than Brather than Cmore than Dexcept for 5With the_of making a fortune，many people went to Australia in the 19th century to wash sand for gold. Atask Bintention Ctrade Dappointment 6If we become more_in predicting earthquakes，well reduce loss. Aexactly Bcorrect Caccurate Dconscious 7Of course，we must work hard._，we should learn to take good care of ourselves. ATherefore BIn a word CAs a result DMeanwhile 8There i