自考英语翻译历年真题.doc

全国2006年7月高等教育自学考试 一、单项选择题（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分） （一）本部分共有10小题，在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个在意义和表达方面与原文最接近，选择最佳译文。错选、多选或未选均无分。（20分） 1.TombsandtemplesofancientEgyptfollowtheNilewellintoSudan. A.古埃及的坟墓和寺庙跟随着尼罗河一直到苏丹。 B.古埃及的坟墓和寺庙很好地跟随着尼罗河，然后进入苏丹。 C.尼罗河沿岸直到苏丹境内很远的地方，到处可以见到古埃及的坟墓和寺庙。 D.从尼罗河到苏丹，有许多古埃及的坟墓和寺庙。 2.Angerandbitternesshadpreyeduponmecontinuallyforweeksandadeeplanguorhadsucceededthispassionatestruggle. A.愤怒和痛苦接连几个星期折磨着我，一种深深的无力战胜了这种激烈的斗争。 B.几个星期以来，我又气又恨，感到非常痛苦，这种感情上的激烈斗争过去之后，我感到浑身无力。 C.愤怒和辛酸折磨着我，已经有好几个星期了，经过激烈的挣扎，我感到浑身无力。 D.我又气又痛苦，接连几个星期都这样。这种激烈的挣扎把我折磨得一点力气都没有。 3.Itwasanoldwoman,tallandshapelystill,thoughwitheredbytime,onwhomhiseyesfellwhenhestoppedandturned. A.这是一个老妇女，虽然受时间的折磨显得有些憔悴，仍然个子高挑，身材匀称，当他停下转身时，目光落在她身上。 B.他站住，转过身，定睛一看，是个年迈的妇女，她虽然受时间的煎熬显得有些憔悴，仍然身材高挑，一副好模样。 C.他站住，转过身，定睛一看，是一个虽然受时间的折磨显得有些憔悴，仍然身材高挑，一副好模样的年迈的妇女。 D.这是一个个子高挑，身材匀称的老妇女，但受时间的折磨显得有些憔悴，当他停下转身时，他看到了她。 4.Iremembermychildhoodnamesforgrassesandsecretflowers. A.我记得儿时的名字、小草和秘密的小花。 B.我记得在我儿时，我的名字是以小草和隐藏的小花命名的。 C.我记得儿时给各种小草和隐蔽的小花取的名字。 D.我记得童年时给各种小草起的名字和一些隐蔽的小花。 5.NeverhaveIheardAmericanmusicplayedbetterinaforeignland. A.我从未听说过美国音乐在国外比国内要演奏得好。 B.我在国外时，从未听到美国音乐比现在还要演奏得好。 C.我从未听到过美国音乐在国外演奏得比这更好的。 D.我在国外从未听到过演奏得这么好的美国音乐。 6.他在中国旅游过的地方，除了泰山以外，都是我没有到过的！ A.InChina,hehasbeentomanyplaceswhichIhavenevervisited,withtheexceptionofMountTai. B.HehadgonetomanyplacesinChina,whichIhadneverbeentoexceptMountTai. C.ThemanyplaceshehasbeentoinChinaarewhatIhaventbeentoapartfromMountTai. D.IhavebeentoMountTai.ButIhaventbeentomanyplaceswhichhehasbeentoinChina. 7.回家的感觉真好，可以吃到妈妈亲手做的家乡菜。 A.Ifeelgoodtobeathome.Icaneatthehometowndishesmymommakes. B.IfeelsonicebackhomethatIcouldeatthehomedishesmadebymymom. C.Itfeelsgreattobehome.Icanenjoythelocaldishesmymommakes. D.Thefeelingofgoingbackhomewasreallygreat.Icanenjoythetasteofmyhometowndishescookedbymother. 8.中国从美国的进口额，1978年为9亿美元，到1982年增加到近30亿美元。 A.ChinasimportsfromAmericawere$900millionin1978andthenitroseby$3billionin1982. B.AmericasimportsfromChinajumpedfrom$900millionin1978to$3billionin1982. C.ChinasimportsfromAmericaamountedfrom$900millionin1978to$3billionin1982. D.ChinasimportsfromtheUSrosefrom$900millionin1978to$3billionin1982. 9.中国有12亿多人口，陆地自然资源人均占有量低于世界平均水平。 A.Chinahasapopulationofmorethan1.2billion,anditslandnaturalresourcespercapitaarelowerthantheworldsaverage. B.Chinaspopulationis1.2billionandthenaturalresourcesonthelandperheadarelowerthantheworldsaveragelevel. C.The1.2billionpeopleinChinahavelowerlandnaturalresourcesthanintheworldeach. D.Thelandnaturalresources1.2billionChinesehavearelessthantheworldhas. 10.最近天气暖和了，有不少人想趁周末出去走走。 A.Itisgettingwarmthesedays.Manypeoplewanttogooutforawalkontheweekend. B.Ithasbeengettingwarmerthesedays.Manypeopleliketotakeashorttripontheweekend. C.Recentlytheweatherisbecomingwarm.Quiteafewpeoplewanttogoouttowalkduringtheweekend. D.Astheclimateisbecomingwarmerandwarmer,somepeoplewanttohaveawalkintheweekend.二)本部分共有5小题，在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，选择最佳答案完成句子。错选、多选或未选均无分。（10分） 11.对初学者来说，翻译的标准是 A.忠实B.文雅 C.传神D.忠实和通顺 12_不喜欢重复，如果在一句话里或相连的几句话里需要重复某个词语，则用_来代替，或以其他手段来避免重复。 A.汉语，名词B.英语，副词 C.英语，代词D.汉语，代词 13.在“翻译三论”一文中提出“雅”应当作为“得体”来理解的是 A.钱钟书B.周煦良 C.傅雷D.王佐良 14.费道罗夫在翻译理论概要中提出了_。 A确切翻译的原则B.自由翻译的原则 C.逐字翻译的原则D.神似翻译原则 15.“Chinglishisthemostimportantanddifficultproblemintranslation”isexpressedby A.GeorgeSteinerB.SolAdler C.EugeneA.NidaD.CharlesR.Taber 二、词语翻译（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分） （一）将下列词语译成中文（10分） 16.environmentallaw 17.industrialrevolution 18.thegoldrush 19.floodsanddroughts 20.BritishAssociationfortheAdvancementofScience 21.foreignexchange 22.self-reliance 23.infrastructure 24.copyrightprotection 25.WorldCulturalHeritage （二）将下列词语译成英语（10分） 26.国民生产总值 27.福利工厂 28.战争与和平 29.新民主主义 30.十五世纪初 31.儿童文学 32.双边贸易 33.知识经济 34.个人所得税 35.发展中国家 三、改译题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分） (一)下列句子的中译文有一个或一个以上错误，请加以改正。（10分） Example: 原文：AdelaideenjoysaMediterraneanclimate. 译文：阿德莱德享有地中海气候。 改译：阿德莱德属地中海气候。 36.原文:ChouarrangedforthemtojointheBerlinCommunistgroupascandidatesuntiltheirapplicationhadbeensenttoChinaandananswerreceived. 译文：周恩来把他们作为候补党员加入党在柏林的支部，直到他们的入党申请书被寄到中国并收到回复。37.原文:Brindleysimprovementswerepractical. 译文：布林德雷的改良是实际的。 38.原文:TheroadfollowedthecourseoftheNile,nowpassingthroughthefields,nowdrawingablacklineseparatingthemfromthedesert. 译文：公路是顺着尼罗河修筑的，现在穿过庄稼地，现在像是划的一条黑线，这边是庄稼，那边是沙漠。 39.原文:ThepeopleoftheUnitedStatesalsohaveexperiencedthebenefitsofworldtrade. 译文：美国人民也已经经历了国际贸易的好处。 40.原文:Indiaisasmugglersdelight. 译文：印度是走私者的快乐。 (二)下列句子的英译文有一个或一个以上错误，请加以改正。（10分） Example: 原文：中国在任何情况之下决不首先使用核武器。 译文：AtnotimeChinawillbethefirsttousenuclearweapons. 改译：AtnotimewillChinabethefirsttousenuclearweapons. 41.原文:过去向我们学习的人，现在反而超过了我们，这对我们确实是一种鞭策。 译文：Peoplewhohadlearnedfromusnowexcelledus.Itwasarealchallenge. 42.原文:本公约须经签字国批准或接受。 译文：Thisconventionshouldbeboundbytheratificationoracceptancebythesignatorystates. 43.原文:中国的海域有丰富的海水资源。 译文：Chinasseashaverichseawaterresources. 44.原文:她口角边渐渐地有了笑影，脸上也白胖了。 译文：Littlebylittlesmilingappearedatthecornerofhermouth,whileherfacebecamewhiteandfat. 45.原文:罗马是建在七山之上的城市，拥有大小500座教堂。 译文:Romewaslocatedonsevenhillswithbigandsmallfivehundredchurches. 四、段落翻译（本大题共2小题，每小题15分，共30分） (一)将下列短文译成汉语（15分） 46.Amodernwifehasnowbeengiventhechoiceofwhetherornottostayathomeandbeafull-timehousewife.Thirtyyearsagoitwasexpectedthatwhenagirlgotmarriedsheautomaticallystoppedworkingtobecomeafull-timehousewifeandmother.Inthe1990s,societydoesnotexpectthatofwoman.Womentodayhavethefreedomtocontinuewiththeircareersandthefreedomtochoosewhetherornottohavechildren.Somecouplesdeliberatelychoosenottohavechildreninfavorofpursuinginterestingandwell-paidcareers,whileotherschoosetohavechildrenatamuchlatertime. (二)将下列短文译成英语（15分） 47.单位里有了个钱多事少离家近的工作，领导要求希望得到这一工作的人马上提出申请。有人特意向一贯清高的乌先生传达时，乌先生没听完就溜了。事后他对朋友说：“这种事早就有内定的人选，提出申请，左右都会给领导落下话柄。三十六计，走为上计，走而不战是不算输的。”2007年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语翻译试卷Multiple Choice Questions （30 points, 2 points for each） ADirections: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A, B, C and DChoose the one that is the closest equivalent of the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness. 1I always found myself a dread of west and a love of east in Eden. A我总是在自己身上找到对伊甸之西的畏惧和对伊甸之东的喜爱。 B我总是在我内心深处找到对伊甸之西的畏惧和对伊甸之东的喜爱。 C我发现自己身上一直有对伊甸之西的畏惧，对伊甸之东的喜爱。 D我发现自己一直对伊甸之西怀有畏惧，而对伊甸之东怀有喜爱。 2No man is so foolish but he may give another good counsel sometimes. A没有人如此愚笨，他有时也能给别人提出好的忠告。 B没有人愚笨到偶尔也给别人提出好的忠告。 C人再愚笨，有时也能给别人提出好的忠告。 D偶尔愚笨的人也能给别人提出好的忠告。 3A pretext was the last thing that Hastings was likely to want. A最后，哈丁斯好像需要一个借口。 B哈丁斯可能不需要任何借口。 C最后，哈丁斯可能想要的那个东西就是借口。 D借口好像是哈丁斯想要的最后的东西。 4A powerful indictment of Americas disregard of ecology, Silent Spring was aimed chiefly at the wholesale use of chemical pesticideespecially DDT. A有力地控诉了美国对生态的忽视，沉默的春天主要是针对大规模使用农药，特别是滴滴涕。 B一个对美国忽视生态的有力控诉，沉默的春天主要是针对大规模使用农药，特别是滴滴涕。 C沉默的春天是对美国忽视生态的有力控诉，它主要是针对大规模使用农药，特别是对滴滴涕的使用进行了控诉。 D沉默的春天对美国忽视生态，主要是针对大规模使用农药，特别是滴滴涕的使用，进行了有力的控诉。 5Tobacco addicts remain hopelessly blind to signs that say NO SMOKING A瘾君子仍然绝望地对那些“严禁吸烟”的布告牌视而不见。 B瘾君子绝望了，他们对那些“严禁吸烟”的布告牌都视而不见了。 C瘾君子对那些“严禁吸烟”的布告牌视而不见，因为他们绝望了。 D瘾君子对那些“严禁吸烟”的布告牌视而不见，真是不可救药。 6这些计划反映了中国人民把经济落后的中国尽快变为世界强国的决心。 AThese plans show the determination of the Chinese people to change China as quickly as possible from an economically backward country into one that ranks with the foremost in the world. BThese plans show the determination of the Chinese people as quickly as possible to change China from an economically backward country into one that ranks with the foremost in the world. CThese plans show the determination of the Chinese people to change as quickly as possible China from an economically backward country into one that ranks with the foremost in the world. DThese plans show the determination of the Chinese people to change China from an economically backward country into one that ranks as quickly as possible with the foremost in the world. 7仅去年一年这个工厂的工程师和技术员就开发了不少新产品。 ALonely last year the engineers and technicians in the factory developed quite an amount of new products. BLast year alone the engineers and technicians in the factory developed quite a number of new products. CLast year alone the engineers and technicians in the factory developed quite an amount of new products. DLonely last year the engineers and technicians in the factory developed quite a number of new products. 8直到在法庭受到审讯时，他才明白了事情的真相。 AIt was until his trial in the court that he got to know the truth of it. BIt was not until his trial in the court that did he get to know the truth of it. CIt was not until his trial in the court that he got to know the truth of it. DIt was until his trial in the court that did he get to know the truth of it. 9正如一个人的伟大不在于他的身高一样，一个民族的伟大不在于人口的多少。 AThe greatness of a nation is no less determined by its population than the greatness of a man is determined by his height. BThe greatness of a nation is not as determined by its population as the greatness of a man is determined by his height. CThe greatness of a nation is not determined by its population the same as the greatness of a man is determined by his height. DThe greatness of a nation is no more determined by its population than the greatness of a man is determined by his height. 10其实，不发达地区大都拥有丰富的资源，发展潜力很大。 AIn fact, most of the less developed areas are rich in natural resources, yet have great potentials for development. BIn fact, most of the less developed areas are rich in natural resources, and have great potentials for development. CIn fact, most of the less developed areas are rich in natural resources, but their development potential is very great. DIn fact, most of the less developed areas are rich in natural resources, as their development potential is very great. BDirections: This part consists of five unfinished statements, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and DChoose the one that best completes each statement. 11我国翻译事业最初是从 _ 开始的。 A隋朝B唐朝 C翻译诗经D翻译佛经 12_ 在1954年全国文学翻译工作会议上指出：“文学翻译是用另一种语言，把原作的艺术意境传达出来使读者在读译文的时候能够像读原作时一样得到启发、感动和美的感受。” A郭沫若 B茅盾 C傅雷 D王佐良 13In his book entitled Better English G. H. Vallins says that _ A“The meaning of a word is its use in the language. ” B“Words cannot be treated in isolation. ” C“The meaning of the part is determined by that of the whole. ” D“Even with words denoting concrete things much depends on the context and on their use in the sentence. ” 14原文：An acquaintance of history is helpful to the study of current affairs. 译文：熟悉历史有助于研究时事。 本句中运用的主要翻译方法是： A增词 B省略 C词性转换D具体变抽象 15_ is a strategy in which a target text is produced which deliberately breaks target conventions by retaining something of the original. This method is “an ethno-deviant pressure on target-language culture values to register the linguistic and cultural difference of the foreign text, sending the reader abroad” to have alien reading experience. AForeignization BDomestication CLiteral translationDFree translation Word and Phrase Translation （20 points, 1 point for each） ADirections: Put the following words and phrases into Chinese. 16Ethiopia 17Encyclopaedia Britannica 18the budget for revenues and expenditures 19investment in cash and in kind 20multilateral principles 21geneticist 22self-sufficiency through self-reliance 23diesel locomotive 24aviation and marine insurance 25appreciation of RMB BDirections: Put the following words and phrases into English. 26润滑油 27世界版权公约 28欢迎宴会 29欧洲联盟 30非政府组织 31文学流派 32京杭大运河 33专属经济区 34青藏铁路 35社会保障 Translation Revision （20 points, 2 points for each） ADirections: Each of the following translated sentences is inadequate. Revise the given versions. Example: 原文：Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate. 译文：阿德莱德享有地中海型气候。 改译：阿德莱德属地中海型气候。 36原文：“Truly Allah has blessed us，”Ahmed exclaimed piously“Soil，water, sunwe can grow anything! ” 译文：“真主可真是保佑我们哪! ”阿赫迈德虔诚地说道。“土地、水、阳光种什么都行啊! ” 37原文：Didnt she swear shed never again believe anything in trousers? 译文：她不是发誓从此以后再也不相信穿裤子的家伙吗? 38原文：I know you want to be transferred to the sales departmentIll put a bug in the bossear for you. 译文：我知道你想调到销售部去，我替你向老板申请一下。 39原文：The production of various electron tubes has been increased four times as against 1958. 译文：各种电子管的产量比1958年增加了四倍。 40原文：Its implications for small and militarily weak nations cannot be over-emphasized. 译文：它对小国和军事弱国的影响不能被过分强调。 BDirections: Each of the following translated sentences is inadequate. Revise the given versions. Example: 原文：能为他的这本散文集子作序，我觉得很荣幸。 译文：To write a preface to this collection of his essay gives me a great honor. 改译：I find it a great honor to write a preface to this collection of his essays. 41原文：日子很快过去了，她的做工丝毫没有松懈，食物不论，力气是不惜的。 译文：Days passed quicklyShe went on working as hard as ever, not caring what she ate，never sparing her strength. 42原文：一个人的工作，究竟是三分成绩七分错误，还是七分成绩三分错误，必须有个根本的估价。 译文：We must have a fundamental evaluation of a persons work and establish whether his achievements amount to 30 percent and his mistakes to 70 percent，or whether his achievements amount to 70 percent and his mistakes to 30 percent. 43原文：For my own part，I consider it as nothing less than a question of freedom or slavery. 译文：依我看来，我认为这不仅仅是一个赢得自由或者沦为奴隶的问题。 44原文：提高现有耕地单位面积产量有潜力。 译文：Increasing the yield per unit area on the existing cultivated land has potential. 45原文：中国始终不渝地奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，中国对外政策的最高宗旨是和平。 译文：China unswervingly pursuits an independent foreign policy of peace, China takes peace as the ultimate goal of its foreign policy. Paragraph Translation （30 points） ADirections: Translate the following passage into Chinese. （15 points） 46. We stand now where two roads diverge. But unlike the roads in Robert Frosts familiar poem, they are not equally fair. The road we have long been traveling is deceptively easy, a smooth superhighway on which we progress with great speed, but at its end lies disaster. The other fork of the roadthe one “less traveled by”offers our last, our only chance to reach a destination that assures the preservation of our earth. . . A truly extraordinary variety of alternatives to the chemical control of insects is available. Some are already in use and have achieved brilliant success. Others are in the stage of laboratory testing Some of the most fascinating of the new methods are those that seek to turn the strength of a species against itself. BDirections: Translate the folio wing passage into English. （15 points） 47 一般地说，第一次到中国旅游应当先到北京、上海、西安等地。 北京是中国的政治文化中心，在这里你可以游览万里长城、故宫、颐和园和北海。 上海是中国最大的城市。离上海仅有一两个小时车程的苏州和杭州，是中国园林城市，被誉为“人间天堂”。 西安是古丝绸之路的起点，在中国历史上许多朝代都在此建都。秦兵马俑被誉为“世界第八大奇迹”。西安的其它名胜古迹还包括大雁塔、鼓楼和黄帝陵。全国2007年4月自学考试英语翻译试题答案I. Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2 points for each)A： 1D 2.C 3.B 4.C 5. D 6. A 7.B 8.C 9. D 10. BB： 11D 12. B 13.B 14.C 15. AII. Word and Phrase Translation (20 points, 1point for each)A.16. 埃塞俄比亚 17. 大英（不列颠）百科全书 18. 收（入）支（出）预算 19. 以现金和实物进行投资 20. 多边规（原）则 21. 遗传学家 22. 通过自力（更生）实现自给（自足） 23. 柴油机车 24. 航空和海事保险 25. 人民币升值B.26. lubrication oil (或lubricating oil） 27. Universal Copyright Convention 28. (the) welcoming banquet 29. European Union (EU) 30. (the) non-governmental organization(s) 31. School(s) of literature (或literature school(s) 32. Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal 33. (the) exclusive economic zones (EEZs) 34. the Qinghai-Tibet railway 35. social securityIII. Translation Improvement (20 points, 2 points for each)A.36“真主可真是保佑我们哪！” 阿赫迈德虔诚地说道。“我们有土地、有水、有阳光-种什么都行啊！”（考试重点：增词翻译法在英译汉中的运用；若译成“土地、水、阳光我们都有了”不算错；或者间接地表达出“我们拥有土地、水、阳光”这一层意思的，不算错）37她不是发誓从此以后再也不相信男人吗？（考试重点：“in trousers”的翻译，如果译文与原文相同的形式不能表达和原文相同的内容，一般应意译。）38我知道你想调到销售部去，我替你向老板说说。（考试重点：对英语习语“put a bag in the boss car”的理解和翻译。若译成“替你向老板吹风/美言几句”也算对。）39各种电子管的产量比1958年增加了三倍。（考试重点：对英语倍数翻译方法的掌握。若译成“是1958年的四倍”也算对。）40它对小国和军事弱国的影响无论怎样强调都不过分。（考试重点：对英语否定形式“cannot too/over”的正确理解和翻译。）B41Days passed quickly. She went on working as hard as ever, not caring what she ate, never sparing herself.（考试重点：“not sparing herself”本身就有“不惜力气”的意思，不能译作“not sparing her strength”。）42We must have a fundamental evaluation of a persons work and establish whether his achievements amount to 30 percent and his mistakes to 70 percent, or vice versa.（考试重点：省略翻译法在句子层面上的运用。）43依我看来，我认为这完全是一个要么赢得自由要么沦为奴隶的问题。（考试重点：对英语“no less than”这一特殊结构的理解和翻译。）44There is potential for increasin