一些数学符号的英文读法.doc

数学公式的英文读法&数学英文词汇 1、Logic there exist for all implies / if , then if and only if / is equivalent to / and are equivalent2、Sets belongs to / is an element (or a member) of does not belong to / is not an element (or a member) of is contained in / is a subset of contains / is a subset of cap / meet / intersection cup / join / union minus / the diference between and cross / the cartesian product of and 3、Real numbers plus one minus one plus or minus one / multiplied by minus , plus over / is divided by the equals sign equals 5 / is equal to 5 (is) not equal to 5 is equivalent to (or identical with) is not equivalent to (or identical with) is greater than is greater than or equal to is less than is less than or equal to zero is less than is less than 1 zero is less than or equal to is less than or equal to 1 mod / modulus squared / (raised) to the power 2 cubed to the fourth / to the power four to the nth / to the power to the (power) minus (square) root / the square root of cube root (of) fourth root (of) nth root (of) plus all squared over all squared factorial hat bar tilde / subscript / suffix / sub the sum from equals one to / the sum as runs from 1 to of the 4、Linear algebra the norm (or modulus) of / vector / the length of the segment transpose / the transpose of inverse / the inverse of 5、Functions / of / the function of a function from to maps to / is sent (or mapped) to prime / dash / the (first) derivative of with respect to double-prime / double-dash / the second derivative of with respect to triple-prime / triple-dash / the third derivative of with respect to four / the fourth derivative of with respect to the partial (derivative) of with respect to the second partial (derivative) of with respect to the integral from zero to infinity the limit as approaches zero the limit as approaches zero from above the limit as approaches zero from belowlog to the base / log to the base of / natural log (of) 一般词汇 数学mathematics, maths(BrE), math(AmE)公理 axiom定理theorem计算calculation运算operation证明prove假设hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.)命题proposition算术arithmetic加plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.)被加数 augend, summand加数 addend和 sum减minus(prep.), subtract(v.), subtraction(n.)被减数 minuend减数 subtrahend差 remainder乘times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.)被乘数 multiplicand, faciend乘数multiplicator积 product除 divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.)被除数 dividend除数 divisor商 quotient等于equals, is equal to, is equivalent to大于is greater than小于is lesser than大于等于 is equal or greater than小于等于is equal or lesser than运算符operator数字digit数number自然数 natural number整数integer小数decimal小数点decimal point分数 fraction分子numerator分母denominator比ratio正positive负negative零null, zero, nought, nil十进制 decimal system二进制 binary system十六进制hexadecimal system权weight, significance进位carry截尾truncation四舍五入round下舍入round down上舍入round up有效数字significant digit无效数字insignificant digit代数algebra公式formula, formulae(pl.)单项式monomial多项式polynomial, multinomial系数coefficient未知数unknown,等式、方程式equation一次方程 simple equation二次方程 quadratic equation三次方程 cubic equation四次方程 quartic equation不等式 inequation阶乘 factorial对数 logarithm指数、幂exponent乘方power二次方、平方square三次方、立方cube四次方 the power of four, the fourth power次方the power of , the nth power开方evolution, extraction二次方根、平方根square root三次方根、立方根cube root四次方根the root of four, the fourth root次方根the root of , the nth root集合aggregate元素element空集void子集subset交集intersection并集union补集complement映射mapping函数function定义域domain, field of definition值域range常量constant变量variable单调性 monotonicity奇偶性parity周期性periodicity图象image数列、级数series微积分calculus微分differential导数derivative极限limit无穷大infinite(a.) infinity(n.)无穷小infinitesimal积分integral定积分definite integral不定积分indefinite integral有理数rational number无理数irrational number实数real number虚数imaginary number复数complex number矩阵matrix行列式determinant几何geometry点point线line面plane体solid线段segment射线 radial平行parallel相交intersect角angle角度degree弧度radian锐角acute angle直角right angle钝角obtuse angle平角straight angle周角perigon底base边side高height三角形triangle锐角三角形acute triangle