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SUMC2011 2012 Student scopy Thecardiovascularsystem Whatisthecirculatorysystem WhatdoestheCVsystemdo InternalandexternalanatomyCardiaccycleHeartsoundsConductivesystemoftheheartBloodvesselsDiseasesoftheCVS TheHeartandbloodvesselstogethermakeupthecardiovascularSystem CirculatebloodthroughoutentirebodyforTransportofoxygentocellsTransportofCO2awayfromcellsTransportofnutrients glucose tocellsMovementofimmunesystemcomponents cells antibodies Transportofendocrineglandsecretions TheHeart locationinthorax TheHeart locationinthorax ObliquePositionApex LeftofMidline 5thICS AnteriortorestofheartBase posteriorsurface sitsonvertebralcolumnSuperiorRight 3rdCostalCartilage 1 rightmidsternumSuperiorLeft 2ndCostalCartilage 1 leftmidsternumInferiorRight 6thCostalCartilage 1 rightmidsternumInferiorLeft 5thIntercostalSpaceatMidclavicularline Serousmembrane Continuouswithbloodvessels TheHeart musclelayersandcoverings Connectivetiss Endothilium ExternalHeartAnatomy Page44 TheHeart Chambers Ourcirculatorysystemisadoublecirculatorysystem Thismeansithastwopartsparts therightsideofthesystemdealswithdeoxygenatedblood theleftsideofthesystemdealswithoxygenatedblood Circulation Coronarycirculation thecirculationofbloodwithintheheart Pulmonarycirculation theflowofbloodbetweentheheartandlungs Systemiccirculation theflowofbloodbetweentheheartandthecellsofthebody TheHeart Valves Bicuspid mitral Tricuspid AV PulmonaryAortic SL HowdoestheHeartwork STEPONE HowdoestheHeartwork STEPTWO HowdoestheHeartwork Thecyclethenrepeatsitself STEPTHREE FillingofHeartChambers theCardiacCycle Copyright 2003PearsonEducation Inc publishingasBenjaminCummings TheHeart CardiacOutput Copyright 2003PearsonEducation Inc publishingasBenjaminCummings Cardiacoutput CO totalventblood minAmountofbloodpumpedbyeachsideoftheheartinoneminuteCO heartrate HR x strokevolume SV StrokevolumeVolumeofbloodpumpedbyeachventricleinonecontraction S1 Whatisit closingofthebicuspidandtricuspidvalves closureoftheAVvalves ThePulmonicandAorticvalvesareopeningandbloodisbeingforcedintothearteriesS2 Whatisit ThesoundsarebecauseoftheclosingofthePulmonicandAorticvalves closureofthesemilunarvalves ConductiveSystem Actionpotential electricalimpulsecausingthecontractionofheartmusclecells TheSAnode orpacemaker initiatestheheartbeatandcausestheatriatocontractonaverageevery0 85seconds TheAVnodeconveysthestimulusandinitiatescontractionoftheventricles ThesignalfortheventriclestocontracttravelsfromtheAVnodethroughtheatrioventricularbundletothesmallerPurkinjefibers Electrocardiogram Anelectrocardiogram ECG isarecordingoftheelectricalchangesthatoccurinthemyocardiumduringacardiaccycle ThePwaveoccursjustpriortoatrialcontraction theQRScomplexoccursjustpriortoventricularcontraction andtheTwaveoccurswhentheventriclesarerecoveringfromcontraction TheVascularSystem Copyright 2003PearsonEducation Inc publishingasBenjaminCummings BloodVessels Anatomy Threelayers tunics TunicintimaEndotheliumTunicmediaSmoothmuscleTunicexternaMostlyfibrousconnectivetissue ConductiveSystem Copyright 2003PearsonEducation Inc publishingasBenjaminCummings Figure11 5 TunicaexternaOutermostlayerelastinandcollagenStrengthens AnchorsTunicamediaMiddlelayerCircularSmoothMuscleVaso constriction dilationTunicaintimaInnermostlayerEndotheliumMinimizefrictionLumen Artery Veindifferences 归纳 dtwlv Coronaryarterycirculation Pulse Pulse pressurewaveofbloodMonitoredat pressurepoints wherepulseiseasilypalpated MeasuringArterialBloodPressure CardiovascularDiseases Cardiovasculardiseasesincludethosethataffecttheheartandthosethataffecttheperipheralvascularsystem Theheartandbloodvesselsmaybeprimarilyattackedbythesediseasesortheymaybesecondarilyaffectedasaconsequenceofanotherdisease RiskFactorsforCardiovascularDisease sdosp SmokingDiabetesObesityStressPhysicalInactivityHighBloodPressure 140 systolic 90 diastolic CardiovascularDis
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