海南省海口市第十四中学七年级英语上册第一单元知识点汇总练习.doc

第一单元知识点汇总一 重点句型和短语：1.Good_ / afternoon/evening 早上/下午好晚上见面说 Good _; 晚安说 2.Nice to meet you. 见到你很高兴 其答语为 _ 4.Welcome _China. 欢迎到中国来。 Welcome to+地名或场所 表示 欢迎.到, 欢迎光临5. How do you do? 您好! 回答也答也用_6. _, please. 请起立 Sit down , please. 请站起 7 _ my teacher.这是我的老师。 介绍第三者用句型“This is ”不用“He/She is.”介绍自己用句型：I am/My name is请介绍一下自己：I am _./My name is_. How are you? 这句话用于询问对方身体状况，对方回答后，应再回问对方，以示礼貌。 (1) Im fine ,thank you./ (2)Im very well, thank you. / (3)Not bad.等。如： How are you? 你好吗? -_, thank you. _? 很好，谢谢。你呢？ -Im fine ,_./Im OK.我也很好。9. Thank you .谢谢你 或_ 只要别人为你做了事，帮了忙，让路，递东西，赞扬你等. 回答： (1)Youre welcome. /(2)Thats OK /(3)Thats all right. /(4)Not at all /(5)Its a pleasure.10. Goodbye ,Mr. Chen. 再见，陈先生。 较正式场合用See you later. 或 See you。11. be from 来自=come from eg: I _ from China=I come from Chine. He is from Canada.= He _ 12. How old _ LiMing? 李明几岁了？ He is 15. 或He is fifteen years old_you? 你几岁了？ I am 20. 或I am 20 years old.13. in English 用英语（表达）eg: Whats this_ 这用英语怎么说？eg: Can you spell it _ English? 你会用英语拼吗？ in the same class 在同一个班级eg: We are _. 我们在同一个班级。1)Whats _ name? 你叫什么名字？ 答: _ name is Liming. 我的名字是李明。2) _ name is Kangkang.他的名字是康康。 3) Whats_ name? 她叫什么名字？ 16 _ your telephone number? 你的电话号码是多少？ 答：My telephone number _86752424.17. _ class are you in ? 你在几班？ I am in Class Ten Grade Seven. He is in _. 他在八年级十一班。1). Whats this in English? 这用英语怎么说？ _ a box. 是盒子。 或 Its _orange. 是橘子。2). Whats that in English? 那用英语怎么说？ Its_map. 是地图。 或 Its an apple. 是苹果。. 3). What are these/those? 这些是什么？ _ _ pencils。 是铅笔。19. _ do you _ it? 你怎样拼写它？ E-R-A-S-E-R, eraser.20. Can you spell it? 你能拼写这个单词吗？ Yes, M-A-P, map. 二a /an the的用法1a/an 均表示泛指某一个东西或是某一类/种事物。a用在辅音发音开头的单词，an用在元音发音开头的单词。比如 a men a good student an apple an orange 特殊a “u” , an “f/m/n.” an hour an eight yearold girl2、定冠词the的用法：1. 用以特指某（些）人或某（些）事物The black car is my fathers car. 那辆黑色的车身我爸爸的。2. 用于指谈话双方都明确所指的人或事物Open the door, please. 请把门打开3. 用以复述上文提过的人或事物（第一次提到用“a或an”，以后再次提到用“the”） I have a pen .The pen is a present from my mother.我有一支笔。这支笔是来自我妈妈那里的礼物。4. 用在序数词和形容词最高级前January is the first month of the year. 一月份是一年当中的第一个月。 Shanghai is the biggest city in China. 上海是中国最大的城市5. 表示宇宙中世界上独一无二的事物the sun 太阳 the moon 月亮 the earth 地球 the sky 天空 the world 世界 6. 指由普通名词构成的专有名词the West Lake 西湖 the Great Wall 长城the United States 美国 the United Nations 联合国 7. 表示方向、方位in the east 在东方 in the west 在西方in the front 在前面 at the back 在后面in the bottom 在底部 at the top 在顶部on the right 在右边 on the left 在左边 8. 在海洋、江河、湖泊、山脉、海峡、海湾等地理名词前the Pacific Ocean 太平洋 the Huanghe River 黄河the Tainshan Mountains 天山山脉 the Taiwan Straits 台湾海峡9. 在姓氏复数前，表示一家人The Bakers came to see me yesterday.贝克一家人昨天来看我。10. 和某些形容词连用，使形容词名词化，代表一类人或物the poor 穷人 the rich 富人the sick 病人 the wounded 伤员the good 好人 the beautiful 美丽的事物 11.表示演奏乐器时，乐器的前面要加the（乐器必须是西方的乐器）play the piano 弹钢琴play the violin 拉小提琴 12.某些固定的表达法in the morning 在早上 in the afternoon 在下午in the evening 在晚上 go to the cinema 去看电影go to the theatre 去看戏 all the year round 一年到头on the way to 前往.去的路上练习：( ) 1 Han Meimei is _ Chinese girl. Lucy is _ English girl. A. a; a B. an; an C. a; an D. an; a( ) 2 A little boy wrote_ U and_ n on the wall. A. a; an B. an; a C. an; an D. a; a( ) 3 _ old lady in brown is_ university professor. A. An; a B. An; / C. The; an D. The; a( ) 4 There are sixty minutes in_hour. A. an B. the C. a D. /( ) 5 This is _ interesting book and it is also _ useful one. A. an; an B. an; the C. the; a D. a; a( ) 6 A computer is _useful tool in _world today. A. an; the B. a; the C. the; the D. a; a( ) 7. He is_boy. A. a seven-years-old B. an eight-year-old C. the seven-year-old D. an eight-year-older( ) 8. He saw_ accident in the street yesterday. A. the B. a C. an D. /( ) 9. Now he is _ artist. 1 have known him since he was _ one-year-old boy. A. a; an B. a; a C. an; an D. an; a( ) 10. _monkey can climb_trees. ( ) 11 I usually go out for _ walk after_ tea; A: a; / B. /; the C. a; a D. the; a ( ) 12 It is_ pleasure to work with these workers. A. an B. / C. a D. this( ) 13This is_egg. _egg is big. A. a; A B. an; An C. a; The D. an; The( ) 14There is_ W in_word map. A. a; an B. an; a C. a; the D. an; the( ) 15 Here is _basket. _ basket is mine. A. a; The B. the; An. C. a; A D. the; A( ) 16-What was _ yesterday? -November 24. A.date B. the date C. day D. the day( ) 17 _ girl in _ Grade Three is _ tallest in our school. A. The; the; the B. A; a; a C. The; /; the D. A; /; a( ) 18 Mr White lives on _floor. A. the fifteen B. fifteen C. the fifteenth D. fifteenth( ) 19China is one of _ oldest countries in _ world. A. the; the B. the; / C. a; a D. an; the( )20 I We can see_sun and_moon in_ picture. A.a; the; the B. the; a; the C. a; the; a D. the; the; the( ) 21 _ Browns are sitting at_ breakfast table. A. /; a B. The; / C. The; the D. / the( ) 22 They went to . Smiths and stayed there for half_ hour. A. /; an B. the; a C. a; the D. the; an( )23 I He likes playing_ piano, he doesnt like playing_ football. A. the; the B. the; / C. /; the D. /; /( ) 24 Tom enjoys playing _ football while I enjoy playing _ piano very much. A. the; the B. a; a C. /; the D. the; /( ) 25Yesterday his mother bought_ piano and_basketball in that big shop. A. the; a B. a; a C. /; / D. some; two( ) 2 6We often play football in_ of the school building. A. a front B. fronts C. front D. the front( ) 27 He takes a bath in_evening. A. the B. / C. a D.an( ) 28 We should look after_ old. A. these B. those C. the D. an( ) 29 The young nurse is kind to _ ill in the hospital. A. a B. an C. / D. the( ) 30Tuesday is_ third day of the week. A. the B. / C. a D. an( ) 31 We had a party after _ meal that day. A. a B. the C. one D.( ) 32 When we called, the family were at_ dinner. A. / B. the C. a D. an( A. The B./ C. One D. That三 .名词的复数：A、数名词复数的规则变化 1、一般情况加 -s 清辅音后读2、浊辅音和元音后读3、以s, sh, ch, x等结尾加 es4、以辅音字母+y结尾变y 为i再加es； 以y结尾的专有名词，或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s变复数。例如：two Marys the Henrys monkey-monkeys holiday-holidays2) 以o 结尾的名词，变复数时：a. 无生命的加s，如： photo-photos piano-pianos radio-radios zoo-zoos； b.有生命的 加es，如：potato-potatoes tomatotomatoes heroes neroesc. 上述a和b两种方法均可，如zero-zeros / zeroes。 3） 以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时：去f,fe 加ves，如：half-halvesknife-knivesleaf-leaves wolf-wolveswife-wives life-lives thief-thieves；B、复数的不规则变化 1） child-children foot-feet tooth-teethmouse-mice man-men woman-women 注意：由一个词加 man 或 woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是 -men 和-women，如an Englishman，two Englishmen。但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans； 2） 单复同形，如deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese ， Swiss,uan，two li，three mu，four jin等。但除人民币的元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如：a dollar, two dollars; 3）集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。例如：peoplepolicecattle 等本身就是复数，不能说 a people，a police，a cattle，但是可以说the people, the police, the cattle.这些词当主语时谓语动词用复数。比如：The police come from China./ The police are China.4) 以s尾的名词但是仍未单数名词a. maths，politics，physics等学科名词，一般是不可数名词，为单数。b. news 为不可数名词。c. the United States，the United Nations 应视为单数。这些词当主语，谓语动词用单数：比如：Mahs is very difficult for me.5).表示由两部分构成的东西，如：glasses （眼镜）trousers,clothes等，若表达具体数目，要借助数量词 pair（对，双）;suit（套）; a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers等。练习题：一、写出下列名词的复数形式1、orange 2、class 3、text 4、monkey 5、piano 6、child 7、shelf 8、bed 9、country 10、family 11、toy 12、foot 13、Japanese 14、radio 15、photo 16、army 17、tomato 18、fox 19、woman 20、knife 22、sheep 二、选择填空 1、There on the wall .They are very beautiful.A. are photoes B. are photosC. is a photo D. is photos 2. This kind of car made in Shanghai. A. is B .are C .were D .has 3. There are four and two in the group.A. Japanese, Germen B Japaneses, Germen C. Japanese,German C.Japanese, Germans 5. The boys have got already. A. two bread B. two breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread6. The old man wants . A. six boxes of apples B. six boxes of apple C. six box of apples D. six boxs of apples7. There some in the river. A. is ,fish B. are, fishs C. is, fishs D. are ,fish8. There two in the box. A. is watch B. are watches C. are watch D. is watches9. We should clean twice a day. A .our tooth B. our tooths C.teeth D.our teeth10.The _ meeting room is near the reading room. A.teacher B.teachers C.teachers D.teachers11. In Britain _ are all painted red. A.letter boxes B.letters boxes C.letter box D.letters box12、There are three_and two _ in the teachersoffice. A.woman teachers ,man teachers B.women teachers,men teachers C.woman teacher, man teacher四.：英语数字表达方式汇总数 词：主要分为基数词和序数词两类。一、基数词的表达及记忆口诀 基数词:表示数目的词称为基数词。其形式如下：A010： zero, one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight，nine，teneleven, twelve, thirteen口诀：0到13单独记B 1419fourteen， fifteen， sixteen， seventeen，eighteen， nineteen口诀：14到19在个位数上加teen(ti:n),其中 fifteen把five 中的ve变长i再加teen. Eight加een，C 2090口诀：全部在个位数后加ty,其中20 twenty，30 thirty，40 forty，50 fifty，要变化D.几十几口诀：在几十后加以横岗再加上个位数比如：21 twenty-one 76 seventy-sixD百位数个数基数词形式加“hundred”，表示几百，在几十几与百位间加上and101 a hundred and one320 three hundred and twenty648 six hundred and forty-eightE基数词在表示确切的数字时，不能使用百、千、复数形式；但是，当基数词表示不确切数字，如成百、成千上万，基数词则以复数形式出现。比如：There are hundreds of people in the hall大厅里有数以百计的人。 I have two hundred books. 我有两百本书。二 序数词的分类及记忆口诀表示顺序的词称为序数词。序数词的主要形式：A从第一至第三单独记one first， two second， three third，B.第四到第十九在基数词后加th.五、十二（five,twelve）变ve成f；八去 t ；九去e然后加th.C.几十 把y变成i加eth.D.几十几把个位数变成序数词比如：第二十一 twenty-first 第三十八 thirty-eighth 第九十九 ninety-ninthseventy-third 第七十三E.第一百以上的多位序数词由基数词的形式变结尾部分为序数词形式来表示。one hundred and twenty-first 第一百二十一one thousand，three hundred and twentieth 第一千三百二十F序数词的缩写形式有时，序数词可以用缩写形式来表示。主要缩写形式有。firstlst second2nd third3rdfourth4th sixth6th twentieth20thtwe